Iberoamerikanskie tetradi最新文献

«Spanish» Writers Borges, Márquez, and Coelho (based on the results of a survey) «西班牙语»作家博尔赫斯，Márquez和科埃略(基于调查结果)

Iberoamerikanskie tetradi Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-201-209

K. S. Korkonosenko

引用次数: 0

Latin American Folklore: Roots, Genres, Uniqueness 拉丁美洲民间传说:根源、类型、独特性

Iberoamerikanskie tetradi Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-164-183

A. F. Kofman

{"title":"Latin American Folklore: Roots, Genres, Uniqueness","authors":"A. F. Kofman","doi":"10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-164-183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-164-183","url":null,"abstract":"Latin American folklore is a heterogeneous phenomenon, encompassing different levels, which has been determined by the historical conditions of its formation, existence and evolution. The so-called folklore criollo, which dates back to the Spanish folk poetry brought by the Spaniards to America during the colonial period, is an important part of the Latin American folklore. The specific character of historical and socio-economic circumstances that influenced the formation of the folklore criollo, explain its relatively late formation, as well as the transformation and reinterpretation of the original Spanish popular poetic tradition. As a result of syncretisation, Creole folklore has incorporated various elements of the folk art of the indigenous peoples, including those of African origin. The main genres of Creole folklore are romance, décima (glossa) and copla, which have evolved since their birth in Spain and later in the New World, where they came with waves of Spanish immigrants. The specific conditions of life in the American colonies, in which such psychological qualities as courage, bravery, aggressive ness and violence became the norm of existence, determined the content, motifs and plot of folklore. At the same time, romantic poetry was «folklorised», it was adapted to the collective environment, its themes were simplified. Folk songs and romances were given a sentimental, artificially dramatic character of exaggerated suffering. Romantic songs have achieved great popularity, as they exist today in different Latin American countries in different forms or genres, namely the corrido, the song ranchera, the yaraví, the mulisa, among others. The example of the folklorisation of the romantic style was the tango song that was formed in Argentina and Uruguay as a massive amateur composition in the 1920s. Different genres of Creole folklore are present with their own specificity in all Latin American and Caribbean countries and deserve new studies taking into account new conditions of social and human development.","PeriodicalId":34457,"journal":{"name":"Iberoamerikanskie tetradi","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135300601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spanish-American Relations in the 1890s in the Context of the Monroe Doctrine 门罗主义背景下19世纪90年代的美西关系

Iberoamerikanskie tetradi Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-184-200

O. V. Volosyuk

{"title":"Spanish-American Relations in the 1890s in the Context of the Monroe Doctrine","authors":"O. V. Volosyuk","doi":"10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-184-200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-184-200","url":null,"abstract":"The Monroe Doctrine, proclaimed in 1823, was successfully used by the United States throughout the 19th century to protect US territorial and political interests in the Western Hemisphere. One of the most obvious examples of its application in international relations was the Spanish-American War of 1898. The Russian ambassador in Madrid, Dmitry Shevich, was an unbiased witness of the application of the Monroe Doctrine by the Americans to Spain and Cuba in the 1890s. Based on his reports, we analyze the stages of the escalation of the conflict, examine the evolution of the aggressive US policy towards Madrid under the pretext of protecting the interests of Spain from Cuban «insurgents», we address the role and participation of Russia in the conflict. The Monroe Doctrine was applied where and when the position of the US government was absolutely strong. Whereas in the 1870s the situation in Cuba, and even in the United States itself, was not very appropriate, it is in the 1890 that the position of the United States in the international arena, the stabilization of the situation in the country as a result of the Reconstruction era and the chaos in the domestic political situation in Spain served as key factors for Washington’s confidence in the success of its enterprise. The United States used various methods of pressure on Spain in order to squeeze it out of Cuba and get the island into its undivided possession. At the same time, whereas in 1896–1897 the relations were dominated by diplomatic rhetoric about the need to «pacify» the situation in Cuba and the willingness to act as an intermediary between the metropole and the insurgents, the relations with Spain turned into threats and ultimatums after the explosion of the battleship Maine. Washington openly voiced its right to decide the fate of the states and nations of the Western Hemisphere.","PeriodicalId":34457,"journal":{"name":"Iberoamerikanskie tetradi","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135300780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personality in History and History of a Personality: A View from Russia on the Role of Getúlio Vargas in the Fate of Brazil 历史中的人格与人格的历史:从俄罗斯看Getúlio巴尔加斯在巴西命运中的作用

Iberoamerikanskie tetradi Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-210-218

D. A. Kuznetsov

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The Book “History of Spain” Is an Important Event for Hispanists 《西班牙史》一书对西班牙语学者来说是一件大事

Iberoamerikanskie tetradi Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-219-223

N. E. Anikeeva

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The Image of Death in Carlos Augusto Salaverry´s «Mysteries of the Grave» 卡洛斯·奥古斯托·萨拉弗里的《坟墓之谜》中的死亡形象

Iberoamerikanskie tetradi Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-76-86

E. V. Novoselova

{"title":"The Image of Death in Carlos Augusto Salaverry´s «Mysteries of the Grave»","authors":"E. V. Novoselova","doi":"10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-76-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-76-86","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the image of death in the poem «Mysteries of the Grave» (Misterios de la tumba) by Carlos Augusto Salaverry, one of the most famous representatives of Peruvian Romanticism. The relevance of the topic is determined by the insufficient study of Peruvian literature of the XIX century and the fundamental importance of the mortal problem for the culture and mentality of this country. To achieve the goal, the author solves the following tasks: analyzes the main plot elements of the poem, determines the main features of the image of death, as well as the positioning of this image in the general system of Peruvian Romanticism. The plot of the poem is built around the premature death of a young girl Rose, the suffering of her father and an unexpected awakening from a lethargic sleep. At the same time, the author’s philosophical arguments on the topic of death, immortality and social inequality are no less important than the plot itself so as to better understand the poem. Structurally, the poem is divided into three parts: «In the temple» (En el templo), «In the cemetery» (En el panteón), «In the coffin» (En el féretro). The poem allows the author to distinguish the following components of the image of death. Firstly, its duality (physical death and mental death in the form of oblivion). Secondly, the atheistic vision of death (lack of faith in posthumous existence). Thirdly, the importance of the social aspect of death (cemetery as a city of the dead that reflects social inequality). Fourthly, the absence of apparent national elements, i.e., the universality of the image of death. Thus, the text of the poem allows us to come to a conclusion about the complexity of the image of death in Salaverry´s work.","PeriodicalId":34457,"journal":{"name":"Iberoamerikanskie tetradi","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Folklore Motifs in Contemporary Short Fiction of Mozambique 莫桑比克当代短篇小说中的民间传说主题

Iberoamerikanskie tetradi Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-131-145

V. A. Kuznetsova

{"title":"Folklore Motifs in Contemporary Short Fiction of Mozambique","authors":"V. A. Kuznetsova","doi":"10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-131-145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-131-145","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the role of folklore tradition in the short prose of modern Mozambique. The symbiosis of the European cultural matrix, inseparable from the language in which the work is written, and the oral heritage of the Mozambican people is analyzed on the material of one of Aldino Muianga’s short stories. The story «Rosa Maria» is included in the author’s debut collection «Xitala Mati», the main material for which became the folklore «scary stories» about witchcraft and the living dead. And while in his later works Muianga focuses on acute social plots of the colonial past and post-colonial present, in the world of «Xitala Mati» there is practically no place for white people: it is not colonizers and the colonized that interact there, but it is people and spirits. The text of «Rosa Maria» is filled with numerous «conventional signs» by means of which, in the paradigm of the traditional culture of the peoples of Mozambique, the world of the dead communicates with the world of the living. These signs are intuitive to the African reader, while the European must identify and decipher them. At the same time, «Rosa Maria» shows motifs and imagery characteristic of the Gothic novel, albeit reinterpreted and modified to suit African realities. Such components of the poetics as the encounter with the infernal in the image of a beautiful woman, the gloomy colouring supported by the landscape and ominous animals, and the interest in the emotional reactions of the characters, typical of Gothic literature, allow us to see in «Rosa Maria» a hybrid genre, the roots of which should be sought both in the European literary tradition and in the folk tales of Mozambique.","PeriodicalId":34457,"journal":{"name":"Iberoamerikanskie tetradi","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linguistic and Stylistic Features of the Dialogue in the Early Novels of M. Vargas Llosa 略萨早期小说对话的语言和文体特征

Iberoamerikanskie tetradi Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-87-106

B. V. Kovalev

{"title":"Linguistic and Stylistic Features of the Dialogue in the Early Novels of M. Vargas Llosa","authors":"B. V. Kovalev","doi":"10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-87-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-87-106","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the poetics of dialogue in the so-called «first-style» novels of M. Vargas Llosa: «The Time of the Hero» (1963), «The Green House» (1966) and «Conversation in The Cathedral» (1969). The study of the linguo-stylistic specifics of dialogues in Latin American texts is especially relevant, because it is in the poetics of the total novel during the Latin American boom that dialogue is the key technique. The methodology of the study is based on the works of B.C. Prado, A.N. Veselovsky and V.V. Vinogradov, in particular, the method of classifying dialogues in fiction of the 20th century. There are three types of dialogues that can be distinguished in the early novels of M. Vargas Llosa: traditional dialogue, monologized dialogue and dialogized monologue. It turns out that the traditional dialogue is characterized by the division of replicas into lines and the sequence of the dialogue without nonchronological fragments and introspection. The monologized dialogue is written in a line: it is based on the principle of repetition / parallelism and is characterized by rhythmicity. The dialogized monologue is a combined type of two dialogues, which are external (extradiegetic) and internal (intradiegetic). At the external level, two actants report information about an event, whereas at the internal level, the event itself is updated. As a result, we conclude that in the novel «The Time of the Hero» the three types of dialogues are at an early stage of their development, «The Green House» turns out to be a novel in which all three types of dialogue are smoothly and harmoniously combined, and in «Conversation in The Cathedral» the dialogized monologue becomes structure-forming and dominant technique.","PeriodicalId":34457,"journal":{"name":"Iberoamerikanskie tetradi","volume":"301 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small Genres of Spanish Folklore 西班牙民间传说的小流派

Iberoamerikanskie tetradi Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-146-163

A. V. Bakanova

{"title":"Small Genres of Spanish Folklore","authors":"A. V. Bakanova","doi":"10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-146-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-146-163","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the small genres of Spanish folklore. Genre is the main form of study in folklore; it translates a certain life experience of the people. The formation of the Spanish genre system was influenced both by Western and Eastern folklore traditions, and Spain itself has repeatedly served as a cultural intermediary. Spanish and Russian folklorists do not share the same take on terminology: Spanish researchers do not typically classify groups of genres according to their volume, therefore proverbs and sayings are studied as part of phraseology, whereas riddles, rhymes, tongue twisters and other texts are perceived as an example of children’s folklore creativity. However, variability of form and versatility of such texts allow us to study them within the framework of a single approach. Since the 15 th century small genres have attracted special attention of Spanish scientists; authoritative collections of popular expressions and aphorisms have been published. Proverbs and sayings are also used by linguists as an example of the correct language usage. Thematically, proverbios and refranes touch on topics significant for the spiritual and economic life of a person, reflecting historical periods and social institutions of the past; at the same time, in modern usage, the meaning of paroemias can be reinterpreted. Spanish children’s folklore is represented by such genres as oraciones, inicios de juego, formulillas variadas, trabalenguas, adivinanzas, acertijos , and riddles are the most multifunctional type of them. The genres of children’s folklore are characterized by a particularly strong geographical reference that vividly illustrates the processes of intergenerational continuity, as well as preservation and transmission of national traditions.","PeriodicalId":34457,"journal":{"name":"Iberoamerikanskie tetradi","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brazil: Roots of Popular Culture (experience of interpretations) 巴西:大众文化的根源(解读的经验)

Iberoamerikanskie tetradi Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-107-130

I. A. Malkovskaya

{"title":"Brazil: Roots of Popular Culture (experience of interpretations)","authors":"I. A. Malkovskaya","doi":"10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-107-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-3-107-130","url":null,"abstract":"The roots of Brazilian folk culture have different forms, structure and history. These roots have been formed over a long period, they have intertwined and influenced one another. Authentic cultures (Indian tribes) and «newcomers» (African and European culture) have been interacting with one another in complex socio-political realities. Together these cultures have created a vivid aesthetic image of the country. The aesthetic principle is most clearly expressed in folklore, the forms of which are diverse and multifaceted. The culture of the people is dynamic; it speaks through folklore in a variety of verbal and non-verbal languages: plastic art, music, dance, folk crafts, national costumes, works of the verbal genre (fairy tales, epics, legends, myths, etc.). Folk culture defines the identity of society, it is reflected in the high aesthetics of professional visual art, music, literature and gradually enters into mass culture and show business. Modernism, the art trend of the early 20th century, became a vivid reflection of the folk features of Brazilian culture. Over time, the tendency to rely on folk national culture has intensified, affecting all aspects of society — from mass culture to social policy. The cultural construction of society in close interaction and cooperation with the folk tradition, the consolidation and renewal of tradition ultimately determine the mentality of the nation, the stability of its existence and self-preservation. The study of Brazilian folk culture opens up new horizons for those who yearn to understand the world of diversity and the world of beauty. The coexistence in a single space of the people of many traditions and aesthetic images that do not oppose, but complement each other, inspires historical optimism which is «colored» by our experience of interpreting the culture of Brazil.","PeriodicalId":34457,"journal":{"name":"Iberoamerikanskie tetradi","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0