Environmental Science and Ecotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Wintertime ozone surges: The critical role of alkene ozonolysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ozone (O₃) pollution is usually linked to warm weather and strong solar radiation, making it uncommon in cold winters. However, an unusual occurrence of four high O₃ episode days (with maximum hourly concentrations exceeding 100 ppbv and peaking at 121 ppbv) was recorded in January 2018 in Lanzhou city, China. During these episodes, the average daytime concentration of total non-methane volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) reached 153.4 ± 19.0 ppbv, with alkenes—largely emitted from the local petrochemical industry—comprising 82.3 ± 13.1 ppbv. Here we show a photochemical box model coupled with a Master Chemical Mechanism to elucidate the mechanisms behind this unusual wintertime O₃ pollution. We find that the typically low temperatures (−1.7 ± 1.3 °C) and weak solar radiation (263.6 ± 60.7 W m^-²) of those winter episode days had a minimal effect on the reactivity of VOCs with OH radicals. Instead, the ozonolysis of alkenes generated Criegee intermediates, which rapidly decomposed into substantial RO_<em>x</em> radicals (OH, HO₂, and RO₂) without sunlight. This radical production led to the oxidation of VOCs, with alkene ozonolysis ultimately contributing to 89.6 ± 8.7% of the O₃ formation during these episodes. This mechanism did not activate at night due to the depletion of O₃ by the NO titration effect. Furthermore, the findings indicate that a reduction of alkenes by 28.6% or NO_<em>x</em> by 27.7% in the early afternoon could significantly mitigate wintertime O₃ pollution. Overall, this study unravels the unique mechanism of alkene-induced winter O₃ pollution and offers a reference for winter O₃ reduction strategies in the petrochemical industrial regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000917/pdfft?md5=4532154eb947de1e6e4fc44d7d5067ca&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000917-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability of sedimentary organic matter: Insights from molecular and redox analyses","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sedimentary organic matter (SOM) affects the stability of the aquatic carbon pool. The degradation process of SOM is complex for its multifaceted composition. The concentration and properties of SOM affect its steady state, yet the transformation processes of SOM in lakes remain unclear. Here we show the molecular and redox perspectives of SOM stability in polluted sediments with high organic matter content and diverse vegetation. We find significant differences in carbon fractions across various sites. The origin of the organic matter, determined using excitation-emission matrix spectra, influences the consistency of organic matter composition and biochemical degradation in lacustrine sediment. We also observe that sulfur-containing substances decrease carbon chain length and reduce organic matter stability. Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry shows that sulfur-containing substances decrease the degree of saturation and cause reduction. In contrast, nitrogen-containing compounds increase the modified aromaticity index and humin content, enhancing organic carbon complexity and stability (p &lt; 0.05). These results complement the characteristics and transformations of SOM. In a broader perspective, this study contributes to laying the foundation for understanding SOM stability in the carbon cycle and its future effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266649842400084X/pdfft?md5=1a527833f37e1cfc5e3b2c524c434ef6&pid=1-s2.0-S266649842400084X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing PFASs in aquatic ecosystems with 3D hydrodynamic and water quality models","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding how per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) enter aquatic ecosystems is challenging due to the complex interplay of physical, chemical, and biological processes, as well as the influence of hydraulic and hydrological factors and pollution sources at the catchment scale. The spatiotemporal dynamics of PFASs across various media remain largely unknown. Here we show the fate and transport mechanisms of PFASs by integrating monitoring data from an estuarine reservoir in Singapore into a detailed 3D model. This model incorporates hydrological, hydrodynamic, and water quality processes to quantify the distributions of total PFASs, including the major components perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), across water, particulate matter, and sediments within the reservoir. Our results, validated against four years of field measurements with most relative average deviations below 40%, demonstrate that this integrated approach effectively characterizes the occurrence, sources, sinks, and trends of PFASs. The majority of PFASs are found in the dissolved phase (&gt;95%), followed by fractions sorbed to organic particles like detritus (1.0–3.5%) and phytoplankton (1–2%). We also assess the potential risks in both the water column and sediments of the reservoir. The risk quotients for PFOS and PFOA are &lt;0.32 and &lt; 0.00016, respectively, indicating an acceptable risk level for PFASs in this water body. The reservoir also exhibits substantial buffering capacity, even with a tenfold increase in external loading, particularly in managing the risks associated with PFOA compared to PFOS. This study not only enhances our understanding of the mechanisms influencing the fate and transport of surfactant contaminants but also establishes a framework for future research to explore how dominant environmental factors and processes can mitigate emerging contaminants in aquatic ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000875/pdfft?md5=8dedf1caff962cdce4af0e5ccfcb2555&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000875-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provincial-Level Analysis of Electrification Feasibility and Climate Policy Interactions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Improving electrification feasibility is essential for reducing emissions from non-electric energy sources, thereby enhancing air quality and public health. Concurrently, climate mitigation actions, such as carbon pricing policies, have significant potential to alleviate increasing carbon dioxide (CO₂) and other co-emitted air pollutants. However, the interactions between climate policy and the improvement of electrification feasibility at the provincial level remain unclear, collectively impacting the net-zero transition of energy-intensive sectors. Here we combine a technologically rich economic-energy-environment model with air quality modeling across China to examine the health, climate, and economic implications of large-scale upgrades in electrification feasibility and climate policies from 2017 to 2030. The results indicate that advancing electrification feasibility, coupled with adopting carbon pricing policies, is likely to facilitate a transition towards electricity-dominant energy systems. Improved electrification feasibility is projected to yield a 7–25% increase in nationwide climate benefits and a 5–14% increase in health benefits by 2030. These incremental benefits, coupled with reduced economic costs, result in a 22–68% increase in net benefits. However, regionally, improvements in electrification feasibility will lead to heightened power demand and unintended emissions from electric energy production in certain provinces (e.g., Nei Mongol) due to the coal-dominated power system. Additionally, in major coal-producing provinces like Shanxi and Shaanxi, enhanced electrification feasibility exacerbates the negative economic impacts of climate policies. This study provides quantitative insights into how improving electrification feasibility reshapes energy evolution and the benefit-cost profile of climate policy at the provincial level. The findings underscore the necessity of a well-designed compensation scheme between affected and unaffected provinces and coordinated emission mitigation across the power and other end-use sectors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000887/pdfft?md5=4a4f6f14d4534869ddd61d5c3dba212c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000887-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilient water quality management: Insights from Japan's environmental quality standards for conserving aquatic life framework","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Currently, chemicals and waste are recognized as key drivers of habitat degradation and biodiversity loss in aquatic ecosystems. To ensure vibrant habitats for aquatic species and maintain a sustainable aquatic food supply system, Japan promulgated its <em>Environmental Quality Standards for the Conservation of Aquatic Life</em> (EQS-CAL), based on its own aquatic life water quality criteria (ALWQC) derivation method and application mechanism. Here we overview Japan's EQS-CAL framework and highlight their best practices by examining the framework systems and related policies. Key experiences from Japan's EQS-CAL system include: (1) Classifying six types of aquatic organisms according to their adaptability to habitat status; (2) Using a risk-based chemical screening system for three groups of chemical pollutants; (3) Recommending a five-step method for determining ALWQC values based on the most sensitive life stage of the most sensitive species; (4) Applying site-specific implementation mechanisms through a series of Plan-Do-Check-Act loops. This paper offers scientific references for other jurisdictions, aiding in the development of more resilient ALWQC systems that can maintain healthy environments for aquatic life and potentially mitigate ongoing threats to human societies and global aquatic biodiversity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000863/pdfft?md5=e4dda6a9d856a2e57ebd34b846b3310e&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000863-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141993870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear impacts of temperature on antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increase in bacterial antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to the effectiveness of antibiotics, and there is growing evidence suggesting that global warming may speed up this process. However, the direct influence of temperature on the development of antibiotic resistance and the underlying mechanisms is not yet fully understood. Here we show that antibiotic resistance exhibits a nonlinear response to elevated temperatures under the combined stress of temperatures and antibiotics. We find that the effectiveness of gatifloxacin against <em>Escherichia coli</em> significantly diminishes at 42 °C, while resistance increases 256-fold at 27 °C. Additionally, the increased transcription levels of genes such as <em>marA</em>, <em>ygfA</em>, and <em>ibpB</em> with rising temperatures, along with gene mutations at different sites, explain the observed variability in resistance patterns. These findings highlight the complexity of antibiotic resistance evolution and the urgent need for comprehensive studies to understand and mitigate the effects of global warming on antibiotic resistance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000899/pdfft?md5=7d1fbcc89f1a198116ad25356f02d313&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000899-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polystyrene microplastics and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate co-exposure: Implications for female reproductive health","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastics and phthalates are prevalent and emerging pollutants that pose a potential impact on human health. Previous studies suggest that both microplastics and phthalates can adversely affect the reproductive systems of humans and mammals. However, the combined impact of these pollutants on the female reproductive system remains unclear. Here we show the impacts of exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) on female Sprague-Dawley rats’ reproductive systems. We find that co-exposure to PS-MPs and DEHP results in a marked increase in cystic and atretic follicles, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and dysregulation of serum sex hormone homeostasis in the ovaries of the rats. Proteomic analysis identified differentially expressed proteins that were predominantly enriched in signaling pathways related to fatty acid metabolism and tight junctions, regulated by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). We further confirm that co-exposure to DEHP and PS-MPs activates the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway, and inhibiting this pathway alleviates oxidative stress, hormonal dysregulation, and ovarian fibrosis. These results indicate that exposure to the combination of microplastics and phthalates leads to a significant increase in atretic follicles and may increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Our study provides new insights into the reproductive toxicity effects of microplastics and DEHP exposure on female mammals, highlighting the potential link between environmental pollutants and the occurrence of PCOS. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive assessments of the reproductive health risks posed by microplastic pollution to women and contribute to the scientific basis for evaluating such risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000851/pdfft?md5=5f70e2dba1ff77c56689e7612c64ccd3&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000851-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational PFAS exposure and newborn size: The modifying effect of cord blood fatty acids","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) can disrupt lipid metabolism, and changes in cord blood fatty acid composition have been observed in small newborns. Emerging evidence suggests that exposure to PFASs during pregnancy is linked to decreased newborn size, although the evidence is not consistent. The modifying effect of fatty acids on the associations of gestational PFAS exposure with newborn size is still unknown. Here we show that the nutritional status of the fetus, as indicated by the level of fatty acids in the cord blood, mitigates the adverse effects of gestational PFAS exposure on the size of the newborn. Our study confirms the adverse developmental effects of PFASs and identifies emerging short-chain PFASs as the primary drivers of reduced newborn size, despite their lower exposure burden compared to legacy PFASs. Additionally, we find the protective role of cord blood fatty acids, suggesting potential strategies for mitigating the detrimental effects of emerging environmental exposures on human health. Our findings provide new evidence of the potential toxicity of emerging PFASs and call for further toxicity evaluations of these pollutants for regulatory purposes. Future studies should consider the complex interaction between exposure and nutrition within the human body, particularly during the first thousand days of life, to promote lifelong health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000905/pdfft?md5=359cc794b1efdae7c4c8cb025f99cc9b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000905-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying molecular oxygen for organic pollutant degradation: Strategies, mechanisms, and perspectives","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Molecular oxygen (O₂) is an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and non-toxic oxidant. Activation of O₂ generates various highly oxidative reactive oxygen species (ROS), which efficiently degrade pollutants with minimal environmental impact. Despite extensive research on the application of O₂ activation in environmental remediation, a comprehensive review addressing this topic is currently lacking. This review provides an informative overview of recent advancements in O₂ activation, focusing on three primary strategies: photocatalytic activation, chemical activation, and electrochemical activation of O₂. We elucidate the respective mechanisms of these activation methods and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, we thoroughly analyze the influence of oxygen supply, reactive temperature, and pH on the O₂ activation process. From electron transfer and energy transfer perspectives, we explore the pathways for ROS generation during O₂ activation. Finally, we address the challenges faced by researchers in this field and discuss future prospects for utilizing O₂ activation in pollution control applications. This detailed analysis enhances our understanding and provides valuable insights for the practical implementation of organic pollutant degradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000838/pdfft?md5=e9949a157589462ffcbf394e275668e2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000838-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The convergence of lactic acid microbiomes and metabolites in long-term electrofermentation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Regulating electron transfer in predominantly fermentative microbiomes has broad implications in environmental, chemical, food, and medical fields. Here we demonstrate electrochemical control in fermenting food waste, digestate, and wastewater to improve lactic acid production. We hypothesize that applying anodic potential will expedite and direct fermentation towards lactic acid. Continued operation that introduced epi/endophytic communities (<em>Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Weissella</em>) to pure culture <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> reactors with static electrodes was associated with the loss of anode-induced process intensification despite 80% <em>L. plantarum</em> retention. Employing fluidized electrodes discouraged biofilm formation and extended electrode influence to planktonic gram-positive fermenters using mediated extracellular electron transfer. While short-term experiments differentially enriched <em>Lactococcus</em> and <em>Klebsiella</em> spp., longer-term operations indicated convergent microbiomes and product spectra. These results highlight a functional resilience of environmental fermentative microbiomes to perturbations in redox potential, underscoring the need to better understand electrode induced polymicrobial interactions and physiological impacts to engineer tunable open-culture or synthetic consortia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000735/pdfft?md5=5dcfc11c9ef5c249c1effd34b40ce3f7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000735-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}