Endocrine and Metabolic Science最新文献

{"title":"Causal association between diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Zhirong Gu ,&nbsp;Jinxing Li ,&nbsp;Liu Wu ,&nbsp;Silin Zheng ,&nbsp;Min Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Studies reported an association between rheumatoid arthritis and Diabetes mellitus. We sought to assess the causal association between rheumatoid arthritis and Diabetes mellitus risk using a two-way two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data on Diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis were obtained from the GWAS genome-wide database, and the MR method was used to explore the bidirectional causal association, the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis method, and sensitivity analysis was performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>IVW results and MR-Egger method indicate that there is a significant correlation between Diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis (IVW: P = 0.002, OR = 1.057, 95%CI: 1.02–1.096, MR-Egger: P = 0.037, OR = 1.096, 95%CI: 1.006–1.194), MR-Egger intercept analysis shows that the P-value is 0.362 (&gt;0.05), IVW results showed a significant association between rheumatoid arthritis and Diabetes mellitus (IVW: P = 2.65 × 10–9, OR = 1.797, 95%CI: 1.481–2.180), MR-Egger intercept analysis shows that the P-value is 0.221 (&gt;0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results confirm that Diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis have a two-way causal chain, and it is necessary to strengthen bidirectional surveillance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266639612400030X/pdfft?md5=cafca35a9adf2eb46ff30b03125b5c1f&pid=1-s2.0-S266639612400030X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141409911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors associated with amputations in patients with diabetic foot infection. Seven years of experience in a reference hospital in Panama. The diabetic foot study group at Chiriqui (the FOOTCHI study group)","authors":"Pachon Burgos Alvaro ,&nbsp;McDonald Posso Anselmo Joaquin ,&nbsp;Espinosa De Ycaza Ana ,&nbsp;Caballero Arauz Rolando ,&nbsp;Quiros Coronel Antonio ,&nbsp;Mendoza Elisa","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>To determine the risk factors associated with amputations in hospitalized patients with diabetic foot infection.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>this is a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Panama between January 2010 and December 2016. We included all patients admitted to the hospital with diabetes and diabetic foot infection. A total of 351 patients were included, and a survey to assess for demographic and clinical factors was completed prospectively until discharge. The outcome was lower limb amputation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sixty-one participants (17.4 %) required a lower limb amputation, and 22 (36.1 %) were major amputations. Several factors were associated with amputation in the univariate analysis: history of foot infection, history of amputation, peripheral arterial disease, a major index ulcer area, duration of the index ulcer &gt;30 days, Grade III 3D severity according to Texas scale, a greater IDSA classification, the presence of necrosis and osteomyelitis. Nevertheless, multiple logistic regression revealed significant relationships between amputations and necrosis (P &lt; 0.0001), osteomyelitis (P &lt; 0.0001), and a severe IDSA classification (P = 0.008).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In patients with diabetes foot infection, the presence of osteomyelitis, necrosis and a severe IDSA classification were strongly associated with amputation.</p></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><p>The rates of lower limb amputations in diabetic foot infections are higher in Hispanics than Caucasians, moreover, data on risk factors for amputation from diabetic foot infection in Latin American countries and specially Central American countries is scarce and there is no data in Panama.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000281/pdfft?md5=e58f27807502b11ab04c01af57a3a7a2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000281-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141322999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperglycemia as a predictor of mortality in adult patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in a public hospital in Peru","authors":"Juan Peña ,&nbsp;Sonia Chia ,&nbsp;Olga Flores ,&nbsp;Leila Oliveros ,&nbsp;Luis Jasso ,&nbsp;Ximena Guevara","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the association between glycemic levels and mortality in patients without diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19 in Perú.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a retrospective study conducted from April to June 2020 in Cayetano Heredia hospital, 529 patients were admitted with a positive SARS-CoV-2 laboratory result or a computed tomography chest scan with suggestive images of COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were classified into three groups according to their first blood glucose measure. Group 1: glucose level lower than 100 mg/dL; Group 2: glucose level between 100 mg/dL and 126 mg/dL, and Group 3: glucose level over 126 mg/dL. Demographical characteristics, concomitant diseases, laboratory data, and treatment received during hospitalization were also described. Regression-adjusted models were used to analyze association of interest.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The number of patients who met inclusion criteria was 289. Mortality occurred in 137 cases (47 %). Group 1, group 2 and group 3 had 29/77 (38 %), 58/120 (48 %), and 50/92 (54 %) mortality/severe cases, respectively. After all available confounding factors were adjusted, the group of patients with blood glucose levels over 126 mg/dL had a 73 % increased mortality hazard compared to the ones lower than 100 mg/dL (aHR: 1.73 [95%CI: 1.05–2.84]; p = 0.032).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Hyperglycemia (≥ 126 mg/dL) at baseline in patients without a previous history of diabetes is associated with mortality in admitted patients with COVID-19. Routine laboratory testing should never miss a baseline measure of glycemia as this allows for timely blood glucose management, thereby minimizing its negative impact on COVID-19 patients' outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000293/pdfft?md5=1467b9924a2030419ca0035a4b4f08f0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000293-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141250762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type of food available during recovery from acute restraint stress affects plasma levels of total ghrelin but not plasma corticosterone in male rats: A pilot study","authors":"Katherine A. Kern ,&nbsp;Naomi J. McKay ,&nbsp;Adrianne M. DiBrog ,&nbsp;Ashmita Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Elizabeth G. Mietlicki-Baase","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposure to a stressor can alter energy intake, potentially resulting in overall changes to body weight. However, our understanding of the relationship between stress and food intake remains incomplete. In these studies, we evaluated whether the type of food available for consumption after stress exposure may be an important determinant of plasma corticosterone (CORT) and ghrelin levels after restraint stress in male rats. Male rats were exposed to 1 h restraint stress or handling control, then given access to a test food to assess how access to different types of food impacted plasma CORT and ghrelin post-stressor. Our results indicated that the type of test food did not impact the plasma CORT response after restraint stress. In contrast, plasma ghrelin levels were differentially altered by the type of test food available in the experiment. These findings suggest the importance of considering the type of test food available in studies examining interactions between stress and feeding, and may also point to a crucial role of the timing of prior palatable food access in such experiments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266639612400027X/pdfft?md5=744eb4358e0d88390d1d66d0720e3e12&pid=1-s2.0-S266639612400027X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141281002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Papillary thyroid carcinoma presented as a hypercaptant nodule: a case report","authors":"Maria Letizia Lai ,&nbsp;Jacopo Caschili ,&nbsp;Priscilla Baldussu ,&nbsp;Alessandra Serra ,&nbsp;Lucia Secci ,&nbsp;Pietro Giorgio Calò ,&nbsp;Clara Gerosa ,&nbsp;Daniela Fanni","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hot thyroid nodules are mostly benign and rarely show a malignant nature. Here we present the case of a 45-year-old man with a hypercaptant but ultrasound suspicious nodule; he underwent fine needle aspiration (FNA) and subsequent thyroidectomy. Pathology revealed a papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with focal tall cell features, positivity to BRAF V600E and focal hyperspression of p53. A multidisciplinary clinicopathological approach is crucial for the correct diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000232/pdfft?md5=c3dc692a88467a63cd1f725f843906ab&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000232-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140905467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of different thresholds of morning cortisol in diagnosing adrenal insufficiency","authors":"Asma Abu Ghasham ,&nbsp;Suhaib Radi ,&nbsp;Amal Aljawi ,&nbsp;Suaad Bougis ,&nbsp;Ghaday Alansari ,&nbsp;Nooran Felemban ,&nbsp;Wafa Saber ,&nbsp;Aseel Attar ,&nbsp;Mohamed Eldigire Ahmed ,&nbsp;Majed Almaghrabi","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is diagnosed with morning cortisol but ACTH stimulation test is usually needed to confirm the diagnosis. In this study we investigated different morning cortisol thresholds that can safely rule out AI without requiring a confirmatory ACTH stimulation test.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Retrospective cohort study.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We included patients aged 18 and above who underwent the 250 mcg ACTH stimulation test from June 2018 to June 2022. Basal and post-ACTH serum cortisol values at 30 and 60 min were documented. Sensitivity, specificity and logistic regression analysis were employed to assess morning cortisol level's ability to predict AI as confirmed by ACTH stimulation test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>237 patients were included, 66 diagnosed with AI and 171 had normal ACTH results. Hypertension and type 2 Diabetes correlated with lower AI incidence. Median morning cortisol was 138.0 nmol/L for AI group and 286.0 nmol/L for non-AI patients. A morning cortisol of 285 nmol/L had 90.6 % sensitivity, 50.3 % specificity, and a negative predictive value of 93.3 % for ruling out AI. A threshold of 306 nmol/L increased sensitivity to 95.3 % with 40 % specificity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Morning cortisol is an effective diagnostic tool for ruling out AI. Using multiple thresholds based on clinical suspicion and the integration of predictive pre-test probability can reduce the need for excessive ACTH stimulation tests. This study contributes to the growing evidence of utilizing morning serum cortisol in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.</p></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance statement</h3><p>Diagnosing Adrenal Insufficiency (AI) can be challenging due to debate regarding the cortisol cut-off value that can exclude AI without additional tests. The confirmatory short synacthen test has certain limitations including financial implications and time restrictions. We investigated the performance of various morning cortisol levels that can diagnose AI without additional testing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000244/pdfft?md5=7c1eb388b669d60d3aaf4623cc8a82d7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000244-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140919109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes-related hypoglycemia, contributing risk factors, glucagon prescriptions in two community hospitals","authors":"Samhitha Munugoti ,&nbsp;Gowry Reddy ,&nbsp;Ravnit Singh ,&nbsp;Madhavi Kakarlapudi ,&nbsp;Swetha Muralidhara ,&nbsp;Cheryl Rosenfeld","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Hypoglycemia has long been recognized as a dangerous adverse effect of the treatment of diabetes mellitus with insulin or insulin secretagogues.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Our study was aimed to identify the number of diabetic patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with hypoglycemia, contributing risk factors for hypoglycemia (including antidiabetic medication regimens), the number of episodes of hypoglycemia requiring medical attention, and how many patients were prescribed glucagon at discharge.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Our study is a retrospective analysis across two hospitals from October 2019 to March 2022, including the population of adult persons with diabetes mellitus, above 18 years of age, presenting to the emergency department with hypoglycemia.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the women were 2 African Americans, 25 Caucasians, 17 Hispanics, and 39 from other ethnicities. Of the men were 8 African Americans, 32 Caucasians, 27 Hispanics, and 44 from other ethnicities. The mean age of males was 66.2 years, and females was 72.9 years. 131 patients had no prior visits for hypoglycemia. Of the 194 patients, 54 were discharged from the ED, and 140 were admitted to the hospital. The most common risk factors associated with hypoglycemia requiring medical attention were age &gt; 65, having more than one comorbidity, decreased oral intake, and poor socioeconomic status. Regarding recurrent presentations with hypoglycemia, there was a significant association with insulin use (<em>p</em>-value = 0.0007), with a higher-than-expected number of insulin users having a previous visit for hypoglycemia. Only 16.7 % of non-insulin-using patients had prior visits, compared to 40.6 % of insulin users. Pairwise Chi-square testing did not reveal a significant association between any other medication class and prior visits for hypoglycemia, nor was there an association between risk factors and prior visits. To obtain optimal glycemic control, early identification of hypoglycemia risk factors, self-monitoring of blood glucose, and proper selection of anti-diabetic regimens are important to prevent long-term complications.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Unfortunately, the three elements that would prevent subsequent severe hypoglycemic events (i.e., education, adjustment of medication, and glucagon prescription) are underutilized. Hypoglycemia is more common in the elderly population which remains an unmodifiable risk factor. Identifying patients with persistent poor oral intake is extremely important as they may be prone to hypoglycemic episodes on their current anti-diabetic regimen and will need medication adjustments accordingly. Our future research focuses on whether giving glucagon prescriptions to patients with diabetes mellitus at discharge prevents recurrent ED visits for hypoglycemia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000220/pdfft?md5=ace3ed753d5bc46b23522642c758ba30&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000220-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140647789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic marker of immunohistochemistry-based somatostatin receptors 2 and 5 H-scores in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms","authors":"Satomi Kono ,&nbsp;Hidekazu Nagano ,&nbsp;Yuki Taki ,&nbsp;Takashi Kono ,&nbsp;Naoko Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Nakamura ,&nbsp;Naoko Inoshita ,&nbsp;Masayuki Ohtsuka ,&nbsp;Tomoaki Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are histologically classified as well-differentiated, poorly-differentiated, or mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms. There are unresectable pNENs owing to metastases or invasion in not only functional pNENs but also non-functional. However, the exact origin of pNENs has not been elucidated. This study aims to characterize the molecular biology of pNENs based on clinical information and histopathological analysis and identify prognostic biomarkers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We investigated the relationship between the biological characteristics and immunostaining of pathological tissues in 75 patients. Staining density was evaluated on a 4-point scale from 0 to 3, and the percentage of tumor cells was calculated and scored from 0 to 300 (H-score). We performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the H-score. Progression-free survival and overall survival analyses were performed based on the Kaplan–Meier curves.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The H-score showed that patients who died of pNEN had high Ki-67 and low somatostatin receptor (SSTR) 2 levels, and those who relapsed had high Ki-67 and low SSTR5 levels. The ROC showed that the SSTR2 H-score &gt; 80.25 was associated with lower mortality, which was further confirmed by Kaplan–Meier curves [hazard ratio (HR): 6.039, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.233–29.59, <em>P</em> = 0.0006). SSTR5 H-score &gt; 93.9 had less recurrence, which was confirmed using Kaplan–Meier curves (HR: 3.321, 95 % CI: 1.426–7.734, <em>P</em> = 0.0336).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Ki-67 &gt; 4.95 is associated with a significantly increased risk of death. Quantification of SSTR2 and SSTR5 immunostaining using the H-score may serve as prognostic markers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000207/pdfft?md5=3584754c86520ff066730b68d2aaa0e7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000207-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140549415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three cases of thyroid cancer in transgender female veterans receiving gender-affirming estrogen treatment","authors":"John D. Christensen,&nbsp;Hiba T. Basheer","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Papillary thyroid cancers are relatively common endocrine malignancies. Risks include obesity, smoking, family history, and radiation exposure. Estrogens may be associated with an increased risk; the implications for transgender women, who use estrogen for gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT), are unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Cases</h3><p>3 transgender female veterans seen at sites within our VA Health System were diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer. All three had started some form of estrogenic GAHT prior to the diagnosis, between 3 months to 5 years earlier. One veteran had radiation exposure, one had a smoking history, and 2 were obese. 2 were treated with thyroidectomy, and one had a recurrence treated with RAI. Each veteran had started GAHT before coming to the VA, and one started without physician support.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Thyroid cancer prevalence in the transgender female population is not yet well-established. These 3 transgender female veterans each had risk factors associated with cancer development. Based on limited existing data, it is conceivable but not clear that GAHT treatment could have impacted their course.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Further investigation of thyroid cancer among transgender women in general, and into the impact of GAHT on disease burden in particular, is needed. Clinicians should also be aware that patients may be receiving hormonal therapy from nontraditional sources with unforeseen and unknown associated risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000219/pdfft?md5=8370392e96881878fa3be197c257d7f9&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000219-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140537088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing fructosamine and fructosamine-albumin ratio in type 2 diabetic outpatients with chronic kidney disease","authors":"Manh-Tuan Ha ,&nbsp;Thi-Thuy Dao ,&nbsp;Tuan-Anh Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels might inaccurately represent long-term glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) owing to anaemia. Fructosamine, which reflects glycaemic control, remains unaffected by anaemia.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>This study sought to assess whether fructosamine levels or fructosamine-albumin (FA) ratios could be biomarkers for glycaemic control in T2DM patients, with and without CKD. HbA1c and fructosamine levels were measured, and comparisons were made using the area under the curve and receiver operating characteristic curves. Youden's index was utilized to pinpoint the cut-off points. Predictive values for complications were also assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our study underscores the close association between HbA1c and blood glucose concentrations among T2DM patients, regardless of kidney function status (<em>r</em> = 0.758). Conversely, fructosamine levels and FA ratios only displayed moderate correlations with FBG among those without CKD (<em>r</em> = 0.466 and <em>r</em> = 0.436, respectively). In a similar manner, the estimated blood glucose (eBG) levels derived from HbA1c were better than the ones from fructosamine levels and FA ratios in terms of comparation to actual fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels across various eGFR levels.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings suggest that HbA1c remains a conventional gauge for glycaemic control among T2DM outpatients, regardless of CKD status. However, for short-term glycaemic monitoring in T2DM outpatients with CKD and low eGFR levels, fructosamine, and FA ratios emerge as potential biomarkers worthy of consideration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000190/pdfft?md5=1c1002ffdfcafcbd29cc30674949e0e2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000190-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140344085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}