Endocrine and Metabolic Science最新文献

{"title":"Portulaca oleracea (purslane) aqueous extract reduced the adverse metabolic outcomes and favored liraglutide activities in streptozotocin-induced cardiometabolic disorders of male Wistar rats","authors":"Adewumi O. Oyabambi ,&nbsp;Blessing B. Aindero ,&nbsp;Adeoba M. Awolola ,&nbsp;Aisha Y. Adebayo ,&nbsp;Ifeoluwa B. Iluromi ,&nbsp;Kehinde S. Olorunniyi","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cardiometabolic diseases including Diabetes mellitus accounts &gt;400 million deaths globally. <em>Portulaca oleracea</em> (Purslane) noted for its rich antioxidants, is a perennial herbaceous plant widely cultivated across countries. This study aimed to determine the ameliorative effect of ethanolic extract of <em>Portulaca oleracea</em> (EPO) on cardiometabolic diseases of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male Wistar rats. Twenty-five male Wistar rats weighing between 120 and 150 g were randomly distributed into five groups and treated respectively as; Control (CTR): normal chow + vehicle (normal saline; orally), EPO; 400 mg/kg orally, STZ; 60 mg/kg intraperitoneally + vehicle, (STZ; 60 mg/kg + EPO; 400 mg/kg orally), STZ+ EPO+ Liraglutide (LG); 0.2 mg/kg subcutaneously. After four weeks, animals were anesthetized by 1 % chloroform inhalation for 5 min (5.0 ppm) and blood was collected by cardiac puncture. Plasma, cardiac and adipose tissue homogenate were analyzed, and data expressed as mean ± SEM; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05 were accepted as significant. The diabetic rats showed decreased body weight, reduced blood glucose and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), adipose mass, insulin (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). <em>Portulaca oleracea</em> resulted in reduced plasma fasting blood glucose (FBG), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) and increased pancreatic beta cell functions (HOMA-B) compared to the diabetic rats (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Also, plasma AMPK, insulin and glutathione (GSH) increased in the purslane, and liraglutide treated (p &lt; 0.05), which is a known glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist. In conclusion, purslane possess GLP-1R agonist activities and improved glucometabolic activities and this presents a great advantage in the management of cardiovascular risks associated with diabetes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000359/pdfft?md5=d27755a12ee4cb875b62f0796945d9f8&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000359-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the recent advancements and future prospects of personalized medicine in type 2 diabetes","authors":"Shahrzad Manavi Nameghi","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is intricate, involving three main processes that lead to elevated glucose levels. Insulin resistance hinders glucose utilization in muscles, adipose tissue, and the liver. Additionally, pancreatic dysfunction results in excessive glucose release and disrupts insulin and glucagon levels, contributing to hyperglycemia. Tailoring management strategies to individual needs and stages of the disease is crucial. Genetic factors play a significant role in the development of T2D and must be considered in treatment planning. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have identified numerous genetic loci and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with T2D. A personalized approach considers a wide range of factors, such as patient characteristics, medical history, complications, and genetic makeup. By customizing treatment plans to suit each patient's unique needs, it may be possible to improve outcomes and reduce the impact of T2D on overall health. While some may argue that personalized diabetes care has been utilized for a long time, integrating it into the standard treatment of T2D remains a challenging task with numerous obstacles.</p><p>The current review aims to describe the vision of personalized medicine in diabetes and offers helpful suggestions for a better understanding of this issue, as well as disseminating information about novel treatment approaches like Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and pharmacotherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000372/pdfft?md5=6e9cd53264505361886612058d7ed236&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000372-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of O-GlcNAcylation on KGN cell function","authors":"Abigail M. Maucieri ,&nbsp;David H. Townson","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100192","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;O-GlcNAcylation is a unique form of post-translational glycosylation that affects a variety of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins of cells. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation is characteristic of many cancers, and impacts cell proliferation, tumorigenicity and metabolism. O-GlcNAcylation occurs in granulosa cells of ovarian follicles, its expression differs between small (3-5 mm) and large (&gt;8.5 mm) antral follicles, and its manipulation in vitro alters granulosa cell proliferation and metabolism. Here, the aim was to assess whether O-GlcNAcylation similarly occurs in cells from a type of granulosa cell tumor, specifically KGN cells, knowing these cells share functional features of granulosa cells of mature, preovulatory follicles (e.g., FSH-responsiveness and estradiol production). The immortal KGN cell line was utilized to conduct cell culture experiments for the detection and manipulation of O-GlcNAcylation. The cells were grown to confluency in serum containing medium and then sub-cultured in serum-free conditions for immunodetection of O-GlcNAcylation (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 8 expts.), for cell proliferation (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 3 expts) and for metabolism assays (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 12 expts.). The KGN cells were also treated without or with small molecule inhibitors to directly enhance or impair O-GlcNAcylation. Immunoblotting confirmed O-GlcNAc expression in KGN cells, as well as the efficacy of Thiamet-G and OSMI-1 to augment (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05) and inhibit O-GlcNAcylation (P &lt; 0.05), respectively. Only the inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation compromised KGN cell proliferation (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05), resulting in a 25 % reduction in proliferation compared to control conditions over a 72 h culture period. Seahorse XFe96 analysis measured effects of O-GlcNAcylation on cellular respiration in the KGN cells. Extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) provided indices of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, respectively. During a glycolysis stress test, high glucose increased ECAR and decreased OCR (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05); oligomycin did not further affect ECAR (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &gt; 0.05), but impaired OCR (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05); and 2-deoxy-&lt;span&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;-glucose decreased ECAR (P &lt; 0.05) without affecting OCR (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &gt; 0.05). Comparatively, a mitochondrial stress test revealed oligomycin increased ECAR (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05) with a compensatory decrease in OCR (P &lt; 0.05); FCCP increased both ECAR and OCR (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05); and rotenone + antimycin A decreased both ECAR and OCR (P &lt; 0.05). Manipulation of O-GlcNAcylation in the KGN cells had no effect on ECAR (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &gt; 0.05), but inhibited OCR (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). Collectively, the results indicate O-GlcNAcylation occurs in KGN cells, its inhibition impairs cell proliferation, and while KGN cells rely upon both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation for cellular respiration, manipulation of O-GlcNAcylation acutely perturbs only oxidative phosphorylation,","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000360/pdfft?md5=cc07cdbbbfdad41caf42216f37493143&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000360-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141993722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful lateralization by adrenal vein sampling in a patient of primary aldosteronism on concurrent mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist: Time to change the narrative","authors":"Rujul Jain,&nbsp;Navein Thomas John,&nbsp;Pushpender Khatana","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common endocrine cause of hypertension. Untreated PA carries a high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Subtyping with adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is essential for tailoring the therapeutic management. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) are recommended to be discontinued prior to AVS but it entails a risk of worsening of hypertension and occurrence of hypokalemia. Literature is sparse regarding successful subtyping with AVS without discontinuing MRA. We report a case of PA highlighting successful subtyping with AVS followed by a positive response to adrenalectomy without discontinuing MRA (in a dose of &gt;200 mg/day).</p></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><p>A 50 year old gentleman, known case of PA was requiring six classes of antihypertensive drugs, including 300 mg Eplerenone. In view of age &gt;35 years and bilateral adrenal masses, he was planned for subtyping with AVS. It was deemed difficult to stop MRA prior to AVS. Renin levels were low, despite taking MRA, which indicated incomplete mineralocorticoid receptor blockade. AVS was done on concurrent MRA usage which indicated lateralization of excess aldosterone production to the right side. Patient underwent robot assisted right adrenalectomy. Post-surgery, there was a partial clinical success and complete biochemical success.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In patients with severe PA, hypertension and/or hypokalemia might be difficult to control without MRA. Successful lateralization with AVS can be done in patients with suppressed renin levels, even on MRA treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000347/pdfft?md5=44dfa70cffe9b43d2c533ab31cd2ceb5&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000347-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analyses of truncated variant rs200185429 in ZNT8 encoding SLC30A8 gene with respect to prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in Bangladeshi population","authors":"Shafayater Nur Nadia ,&nbsp;Md. Hasib ,&nbsp;Imrul Hasan ,&nbsp;Abdullah Al Saba ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sayem ,&nbsp;Akio Ebihara ,&nbsp;A.K.M. Mahbub Hasan ,&nbsp;A.H.M. Nurun Nabi","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zinc transporter ZnT8, encoded by SLC30A8, is expressed highly in pancreatic β-cells that effluxes Zn²⁺ into insulin granules which is required to secret insulin from the granules. Genome-wide association study identified twelve loss of function mutations in SLC30A8 that play protective role against type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to find genetic association of a protein truncating variant rs200185429 in Bangladeshi healthy individuals (n = 184), patients with prediabetes (n = 130) and patients with T2D (n = 179). Genetic association study with respect to rs200185429 was performed using TaqMan® probe followed by allelic discrimination plots. Wild type CC genotype was found to be evenly distributed in healthy individuals (96.2 %), patients with prediabetes (95.38 %) and patients with T2D (94.41 %). CT genotype was more prevalent in T2D (5.59 %), less in healthy individuals (3.38 %). However, TT genotype was absent in the study participants. Mutant T allele was neither associated with prediabetes (OR = 1.22, χ² = 0.12, <em>p</em> = 0.72) nor with T2D (OR = 1.42, χ² = 0.52, <em>p</em> = 0.47). Similarly, none of the genetic inheritance models showed statistically significant association with T2D. Thus, a large-scale study is warranted to establish our finding regarding the association of rs200185429 with prediabetes and T2D in Bangladeshi population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000335/pdfft?md5=8cd080f7d74462400c63427a320fb36d&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000335-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal association between diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Zhirong Gu ,&nbsp;Jinxing Li ,&nbsp;Liu Wu ,&nbsp;Silin Zheng ,&nbsp;Min Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Studies reported an association between rheumatoid arthritis and Diabetes mellitus. We sought to assess the causal association between rheumatoid arthritis and Diabetes mellitus risk using a two-way two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data on Diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis were obtained from the GWAS genome-wide database, and the MR method was used to explore the bidirectional causal association, the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis method, and sensitivity analysis was performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>IVW results and MR-Egger method indicate that there is a significant correlation between Diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis (IVW: P = 0.002, OR = 1.057, 95%CI: 1.02–1.096, MR-Egger: P = 0.037, OR = 1.096, 95%CI: 1.006–1.194), MR-Egger intercept analysis shows that the P-value is 0.362 (&gt;0.05), IVW results showed a significant association between rheumatoid arthritis and Diabetes mellitus (IVW: P = 2.65 × 10–9, OR = 1.797, 95%CI: 1.481–2.180), MR-Egger intercept analysis shows that the P-value is 0.221 (&gt;0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results confirm that Diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis have a two-way causal chain, and it is necessary to strengthen bidirectional surveillance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266639612400030X/pdfft?md5=cafca35a9adf2eb46ff30b03125b5c1f&pid=1-s2.0-S266639612400030X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141409911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors associated with amputations in patients with diabetic foot infection. Seven years of experience in a reference hospital in Panama. The diabetic foot study group at Chiriqui (the FOOTCHI study group)","authors":"Pachon Burgos Alvaro ,&nbsp;McDonald Posso Anselmo Joaquin ,&nbsp;Espinosa De Ycaza Ana ,&nbsp;Caballero Arauz Rolando ,&nbsp;Quiros Coronel Antonio ,&nbsp;Mendoza Elisa","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>To determine the risk factors associated with amputations in hospitalized patients with diabetic foot infection.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>this is a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Panama between January 2010 and December 2016. We included all patients admitted to the hospital with diabetes and diabetic foot infection. A total of 351 patients were included, and a survey to assess for demographic and clinical factors was completed prospectively until discharge. The outcome was lower limb amputation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sixty-one participants (17.4 %) required a lower limb amputation, and 22 (36.1 %) were major amputations. Several factors were associated with amputation in the univariate analysis: history of foot infection, history of amputation, peripheral arterial disease, a major index ulcer area, duration of the index ulcer &gt;30 days, Grade III 3D severity according to Texas scale, a greater IDSA classification, the presence of necrosis and osteomyelitis. Nevertheless, multiple logistic regression revealed significant relationships between amputations and necrosis (P &lt; 0.0001), osteomyelitis (P &lt; 0.0001), and a severe IDSA classification (P = 0.008).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In patients with diabetes foot infection, the presence of osteomyelitis, necrosis and a severe IDSA classification were strongly associated with amputation.</p></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><p>The rates of lower limb amputations in diabetic foot infections are higher in Hispanics than Caucasians, moreover, data on risk factors for amputation from diabetic foot infection in Latin American countries and specially Central American countries is scarce and there is no data in Panama.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000281/pdfft?md5=e58f27807502b11ab04c01af57a3a7a2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000281-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141322999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social stress in rats promotes transcriptional mitochondrial changes of the adrenal tissue","authors":"Terese Elisabeth Zylla ,&nbsp;Junbai Wang ,&nbsp;Johannes Gjerstad","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous observations suggest that strong social stressors, that is, repeated social defeat, could initiate functional changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in social mammals. Here, we examine whether exposure to such stress in rats causes persistent alterations in gene expression associated with hypo-and/or hyper-methylation in the adrenal tissue, i.e., the interface between the HPA axis and the circulating hormones. Our integrated analyses of RNA-sequencing (RNAseq) and whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), suggested that adrenal mitochondrial membrane transport necessary for corticosterone (CORT) synthesis, are affected by repeated social defeat. The increased CORT levels observed in blood in the stressed rats further suggested that corticosterone synthesis might be influenced by this form of social stress. The cellular mechanisms underlying these changes, i.e., the enriched gene ontology (GO)-terms and increased levels of circulating CORT, remain to be investigated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000323/pdfft?md5=96fa9a4a14c0f6d5eb1f7a9922ff9b2b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000323-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141291049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of insulin and C-peptide suppression test using a rapid-acting insulin analog to induce hypoglycemia in the diagnosis of insulinoma: A comparison to the supervised prolonged fast test","authors":"Raweewan Lertwattanarak,&nbsp;Nattapong Laotaveerungrueng,&nbsp;Sutin Sriussadaporn","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The efficacy of insulin and C-peptide suppression (ICPS) test using a rapid-acting insulin analog to induce hypoglycemia in the diagnosis of insulinoma has never been studied.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To compare the efficacy of using plasma C-peptide (PCP) and plasma insulin (PI) responses to the ICPS test using insulin aspart and the supervised prolonged fast (SPF) test in the diagnosis of insulinoma.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The ICPS test was performed in 15 patients with insulinoma (IN) and 6 patients with non-insulinoma causes of hypoglycemia (non-IN) by intravenous infusion of insulin aspart to induce hypoglycemia. Plasma glucose (PG), C-peptide (PCP), and insulin (PI) levels were measured before and at the end of the test (end-ICPS) when the patients had hypoglycemia, defined by the presence of either PG ≤50 mg/dL with hypoglycemic symptoms or PG ≤40 mg/dL regardless of hypoglycemic symptoms. PCP and PI were measured by an immunoassay system that does not cross-react to insulin aspart (Cobas Modular Analytics e801). The SPF test was also performed in IN.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>IN had a higher median end-ICPS PI (34.77 versus 0.58 μIU/mL, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), lower magnitude of PI suppression (−24.28 % ± 35.5 % versus −93.67 % ± 2.7 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), higher mean end-ICPS PCP (4.62 ± 3.02 versus 0.49 ± 0.21 ng/mL, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and lower magnitude of PCP suppression (−25.51 % ± 22.2 % versus −70.28 % ± 19.4 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) than non-IN. In IN, end-ICPS PI was significantly correlated to end-ICPS PCP (<em>r</em> = 0.724, <em>p</em> = 0.002). There were high correlations between end-ICPS PCP and end-SPF PCP (<em>r</em> = 0.882, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and between end-ICPS PI and end-SPF PI (<em>r</em> = 0.794, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The ICPS had a sensitivity and specificity of 93 % and 83 %, respectively, when using an end-ICPS PCP cut-off level of 0.6 ng/mL and 93 % and 100 %, respectively, when using an end-ICPS PI cut-off level of 3 μIU/mL. The ICPS test was terminated in a shorter time than the SPF test (1.01 ± 0.58 versus 7.80 ± 4.10 h, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In the diagnosis of insulinoma, the ICPS test using insulin aspart is practical, safe, less time-consuming, and as effective as the SPF test. The responses of PI to hypoglycemia are more obvious and consistent, without overlap, than the responses of PCP in IN and non-IN. The use of end-ICPS PI is better than end-ICPS PCP in the evaluation of the ICPS test. The ICPS test using a rapid-acting insulin analogue such as insulin aspart can be used instead of the conventional CPS test using recombinant human insulin and should be considered an alternative first-line test to the SPF test.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000311/pdfft?md5=d5bb6abed5ac007443336838960d61ac&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000311-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperglycemia as a predictor of mortality in adult patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in a public hospital in Peru","authors":"Juan Peña ,&nbsp;Sonia Chia ,&nbsp;Olga Flores ,&nbsp;Leila Oliveros ,&nbsp;Luis Jasso ,&nbsp;Ximena Guevara","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the association between glycemic levels and mortality in patients without diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19 in Perú.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a retrospective study conducted from April to June 2020 in Cayetano Heredia hospital, 529 patients were admitted with a positive SARS-CoV-2 laboratory result or a computed tomography chest scan with suggestive images of COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were classified into three groups according to their first blood glucose measure. Group 1: glucose level lower than 100 mg/dL; Group 2: glucose level between 100 mg/dL and 126 mg/dL, and Group 3: glucose level over 126 mg/dL. Demographical characteristics, concomitant diseases, laboratory data, and treatment received during hospitalization were also described. Regression-adjusted models were used to analyze association of interest.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The number of patients who met inclusion criteria was 289. Mortality occurred in 137 cases (47 %). Group 1, group 2 and group 3 had 29/77 (38 %), 58/120 (48 %), and 50/92 (54 %) mortality/severe cases, respectively. After all available confounding factors were adjusted, the group of patients with blood glucose levels over 126 mg/dL had a 73 % increased mortality hazard compared to the ones lower than 100 mg/dL (aHR: 1.73 [95%CI: 1.05–2.84]; p = 0.032).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Hyperglycemia (≥ 126 mg/dL) at baseline in patients without a previous history of diabetes is associated with mortality in admitted patients with COVID-19. Routine laboratory testing should never miss a baseline measure of glycemia as this allows for timely blood glucose management, thereby minimizing its negative impact on COVID-19 patients' outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000293/pdfft?md5=1467b9924a2030419ca0035a4b4f08f0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000293-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141250762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}