Endocrine and Metabolic Science最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing pre-genetic diagnosis of monogenic diabetes: clinical thresholds for targeted testing","authors":"Pichakacheri Sureshkumar ,&nbsp;Sidharth S. Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Monogenic Diabetes Mellitus (MDM) represents a minority of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) cases but poses diagnostic complexities owing to its clinical overlap with other forms of DM. Preliminary clinical screening is crucial for diagnosis due to the paucity of genetic testing facilities.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>We aimed to identify clinical thresholds that could enhance the likelihood of obtaining positive genetic test results while excluding young-onset T2DM in suspected cases of MDM.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>We analyzed the demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical details of genetically confirmed MDM participants (<em>n</em> = 10) from our center and compared them with those of clinically suspected patients who tested negative for MDM (<em>n</em> = 67), excluding two neonatal DM (NDM) cases. Using Receiver Operating Characteristic curves, we determined the thresholds for various parameters, prioritizing a sensitivity of ≥75 %.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The upper cut-off values obtained for identifying individuals with a potential for genetic positivity were age of onset of DM 25.5 years, BMI 23.5 kg/m², visceral fat 7 %, waist circumference (irrespective of gender) 86 cm, random C-peptide 1.41 ng/mL, AST 31 units/dL, ALT 41 units/dL, triglyceride 150 mg/dL, and for HDL, the lower cut-off point was 48.5 mg/dL.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These defined thresholds offer a potential to enhance the efficient use of genetic testing by ensuring more targeted utilization, thus optimizing resource allocation and improving diagnostic accuracy in the assessment of MDM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between lipid profiles and Graves orbitopathy: A systematic review and meta analysis","authors":"Nanny Natalia Mulyani Soetedjo ,&nbsp;Louis Fabio Jonathan Jusni ,&nbsp;Eric Ricardo Yonatan ,&nbsp;Steven Alvianto ,&nbsp;Nicolas Daniel Widjanarko ,&nbsp;Hikmat Permana","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Graves orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the tissues around the eyes, seen in 25–50 % of individuals with Graves disease (GD). Thyroid receptor antibodies (TRAb) target the TSH receptor, which can provoke an inflammatory response and promote fat cell formation by activating these receptors. Given this mechanism, statins that are commonly used for managing hyperlipidemia could be a potential treatment for GO. This review explores the connection between Graves orbitopathy and lipid profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles were sourced from databases such as MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, ProQuest, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria covered both published and unpublished studies examining the relationship between GO and lipid profiles. Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4, and the risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>This review included a total of four cross-sectional studies. All studies found a significant association between LDL cholesterol levels and Graves orbitopathy. However, the relationships with triglycerides (TG), HDL levels, and total cholesterol (TC) were not consistently statistically significant. The meta-analysis revealed significant differences in TC, LDL cholesterol, and TG levels across all groups (SMD = 0.48, CI = 0.17–0.80, <em>p</em> = 0.002, I² = 67 %; SMD = 0.42, CI = 0.18–0.67, <em>p</em> = 0.0008, I² = 47 %; SMD = 0.24, CI = 0.07–0.41, <em>p</em> = 0.005, I² = 0 %, respectively), while HDL levels did not show significant differences among the groups (SMD = 0.16, CI = −0.02-0.34, <em>p</em> = 0.08, I² = 10 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Significant differences in serum lipid profiles, including TC, LDL, and TG except HDL, were found between patients with GO and those without. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of radioactive iodine (RAI) and its associations with different factors in people presenting with hyperthyroidism","authors":"Sarwat Anjum ,&nbsp;Javaid Iqbal ,&nbsp;Musarrat Riaz ,&nbsp;Salman Habib ,&nbsp;Akhtar Ahmed ,&nbsp;Naila Memon ,&nbsp;Hafiza Faiza ,&nbsp;Hira Tariq","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Radioactive iodine (RAI) is the important modality to treat Hyperthyroidism. Successful treatment is determined by development of euthyroidism and / or Hypothyroidism within 6 months of radioactive iodine treatment. The aim of this study was to find out the outcome of RAI treatment and its association with factors like age, gender various etiologies of hyperthyroidism and baseline TSH, FT4 in our population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study was conducted at KIRAN from January 2018 to June 2020. A total of 199 participants with complete data were recruited in study after IRB approval. Demographic details, age, gender, the underlying cause of hyperthyroidism Graves' disease, toxic multinodular goiter, toxic nodule, were obtained from medical records along with baseline FT4 &amp; TSH. A fixed dose of 15mci of radioactive iodine was given to all patients and TSH and FT4 were measured at 6 weeks 3, 6, and 12 months. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our study 77.9 % were females, 22.1 % males, mean age was 41.32 ± 0.99 years, 74.4 % had Graves’ disease, whereas 15 % participants had solitary toxic nodule &amp; toxic multinodular goiter. Post RAI TSH target was achieved earlier compared to FT4. Outcome of RAI treatment in patients with Graves’ disease and toxic nodule revealed statistically significant and early result. Females revealed significant improvement at 6 months in both biochemical markers i-e TSH and FT4 compared to males, however, the FT4 was statistically significant early in elderly participants. Successful treatment was noticed in 75.6 % at 6 &amp;12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Fixed dose RAI treatment achieved a 75.6 % success rate at 6 &amp; 12 months, with prompt response noted in female gender, Graves’ disease and toxic nodules. Biochemical (TSH + FT4) improvement was faster in Females, while FT4 normalized earlier in elderly patients and overall TSH levels stabilized before FT4 levels, confirming RAI's effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRF1 receptor antagonists in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of phase 2 open-label and phase 3 clinical trials","authors":"Mir wajid Majeed ,&nbsp;Emma Finnegan ,&nbsp;Mariano Gallo Ruelas ,&nbsp;Marco Quirós ,&nbsp;Marina Barbosa da Silva ,&nbsp;Issa Salha ,&nbsp;Catalina Herrán-Fonseca ,&nbsp;Helen Michaela de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Melissa Chacón Quirós ,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed ,&nbsp;Zainab Humayun ,&nbsp;Tajamul Hussain Shah ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ashraf Ganie","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. Recent clinical trials indicate that type 1 Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor OR CRFR1 receptor OR CRF1 antagonists could provide a new treatment option for CAH. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these drugs in patients with CAH.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for eligible studies. Analysis of Phase 2b and Phase 3 clinical trials was carried out. Mean percent changes and event numbers were pooled to perform a single-arm meta-analysis. Binary data was pooled from Phase 3 clinical trials. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio version 4.1.2 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing), under a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From Phase 2 clinical trials, pooled efficacy data from studies with CRF1 antagonists resulted in a mean decrease from baseline levels in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) -57.86 %; 95 % CI -71.15 to −44.58 %; I² = 0 %), 17-OHP (17-hydroxyprogesterone) (Mean − 40.01 %;95 % CI -66.31 to −13.71 %; I² = 66 %) and androstenedione (−39.24 %; 95 % CI -62.77 to −15.70 %; I² = 78 %). Overall, 71 % (95 % CI 53.91 % to 85.39 %) of the included patients experienced adverse events of any grade, with no significant difference between drug-type subgroups (<em>P</em> = 0.83). In Phase 3 trials, compared to placebo, CRF1 receptor antagonists resulted in a significant reduction of 17-OHP (MD: −6049.40 ng/dL; 95 % CI: −6665.23 to −5433.58 ng/dL; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01; I² = 0 %), androstenedione levels (MD: −313.58 ng/dL; 95 % CI: −400.14 to −227.02 ng/dL; p &lt; 0.01; I² = 0 %) and need for glucocorticoid dose reduction (MD: −20.37 %; 95 % CI: −26.73 % to −14.00 %; p &lt; 0.01; I² = 47 %) No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups with respect to treatment emergent adverse effects 1.02 (95 % CI: 0.91 to 1.15; <em>p</em> = 0.72; I² = 0 %) or treatment discontinuation 3.28 (95 % CI: 0.41 to 26.51; <em>p</em> = 0.27; I² = 0 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CRF1 antagonists, especially Crinecerfont, are promising in the treatment of CAH. Phase 2b and Phase 3 clinical trials of CRF1 antagonists involving Crinecerfont demonstrated consistent results supporting its efficacy and safety. These studies showed significant reductions in ACTH, 17-OHP and androstenedione levels, as well as a decreased need for glucocorticoid doses, with no notable difference in adverse effects compared to placebo.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of adipose tissue-derived hormones asprosin and leptin in the onset of depressive symptoms in newly diagnosed prediabetic individuals","authors":"Faize Elif Bahadir ,&nbsp;Ozlem Unay Demirel ,&nbsp;Melike Yavuz ,&nbsp;Ozum Firat ,&nbsp;Irem Yogurtcu ,&nbsp;Yavuz Govdeli ,&nbsp;Yavuz Furuncuoglu","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes and depression are common chronic conditions that often co-occur, likely driven by complex mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. Chronic low-grade inflammation may serve as a shared underlying factor in both conditions. This study aimed to determine whether adipose tissue-derived hormones asprosin and leptin, particularly asprosin, which is associated with inflammatory cytokines in glucose metabolism dysregulation and has not been studied in this context—might influence the onset of depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>112 participants were recruited from drug-naïve individuals. Blood samples were collected, anthropometric data recorded, the Beck Depression/Anxiety Inventories administered. Adapted questions assessed physical and social activity, as well as sleep habits, to account for environmental factors. After applying the exclusion criteria, participants were divided into prediabetic (n = 32) and normoglycemic groups (n = 30).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the prediabetic group CRP was elevated (p &lt; 0.001), with a positive correlation between asprosin and leptin (p &lt; 0.001). Asprosin was positively correlated with TNF-α (p = 0.004), IL-6 (p = 0.002), and ESR (p &lt; 0.001), and leptin with TNF-α (p = 0.008) and ESR (p = 0.018) but not with depressive symptoms or anxiety. Depressive symptoms were higher in prediabetic individuals with poor sleep quality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In groups with similar social and physical activity levels, poor sleep quality was associated with increased depressive symptoms. While asprosin and leptin correlated with higher inflammatory cytokines, they showed no significant association with depression, possibly due to the small sample size and early-stage evaluation. Larger studies are needed to confirm any potential link between these hormones and depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in chronic kidney disease: A review of current evidence and clinical implications","authors":"Abdulrahman Saad Alfaiz","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition affecting millions worldwide, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden. While traditional treatments such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have been the cornerstone of CKD management, newer therapeutic approaches are needed to slow disease progression and improve outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, initially developed as antihyperglycemic agents, have demonstrated significant renoprotective and cardioprotective effects beyond glucose control.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This review aims to evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and clinical implications of SGLT2 inhibitors in CKD, highlighting their mechanisms of action, benefits, limitations, and future research directions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline using keywords related to SGLT2 inhibitors, CKD, and renal outcomes with no time limit. Studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies examining the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in CKD patients. The risk of bias was assessed using standard tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Clinical trials have demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors, including empagliflozin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and ertugliflozin, significantly reduce CKD progression, lower albuminuria, and decrease the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. These effects are observed in both diabetic and non-diabetic populations. Additionally, SGLT2 inhibitors exhibit renoprotective mechanisms such as reducing glomerular hyperfiltration, modulating tubuloglomerular feedback, and exerting anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties. However, potential adverse effects, including an initial decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), an increased risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, and urinary tract infections, necessitate careful patient selection and monitoring. Emerging studies also explore the role of machine learning in optimizing SGLT2 inhibitor use for personalized treatment approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SGLT2 inhibitors have emerged as a transformative addition to CKD management, offering substantial renal and cardiovascular benefits. Despite safety concerns, their advantages outweigh the risks, warranting broader clinical implementation. Future research should focus on refining patient selection, optimizing treatment combinations, and leveraging data science to enhance therapeutic outcomes in CKD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between testosterone levels and diabetic nephropathy in Egyptian men with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Mina Michael Nesim,&nbsp;Maram Mohamed Maher Mahdy,&nbsp;Laila Mahmoud Ali Hendawy,&nbsp;Hadeer Osama Abd Eltawab Mohamed,&nbsp;Amr Mahmoud Mohamed Abd El Hady Saleh","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. It can develop in adults and is often onset in childhood.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess testosterone levels in Egyptian men with type 1 diabetes mellitus with and without nephropathy and identify its correlation with microalbuminuria.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects and methods</h3><div>This study was a case control study conducted at Diabetes outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospital. The study was performed on diabetic subjects aging above 20 years old. The study included 120 participants with diabetes divided into 3 groups: 40 cases with type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy, 40 cases with type 1 diabetes without diabetic nephropathy, 40 healthy males as a control group.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Testosterone levels were higher in patients with T1DM than in healthy controls. Total testosterone levels were significantly higher in T1DM patients with diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy, mean = (653.208 ± 128.810) ng/dl versus (572.104 ± 146.024) ng/dl, p-value&lt;0.01. Sex hormone-binding globulin showed no association with T1DM or diabetic nephropathy, p-value = 0.l.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current study showed that testosterone levels were higher in participants with T1DM than in healthy controls. Also we found that total testosterone levels were significantly higher in T1DM participants with diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy. These results implicate that elevated testosterone levels could be the underlying cause of nephropathy in T1DM patients with nephropathy, and indicate that they may have a degree of androgen resistance for further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a novel weight-loss combination product containing orlistat and resveratrol on obesity: A multicenter randomized controlled study (EC-FIT)","authors":"Khin Maung Win ,&nbsp;Tint Swe Latt ,&nbsp;Aung Hlaing Bwa ,&nbsp;Khin Maung Aye ,&nbsp;Kyaw Soe Tun ,&nbsp;Hardik Gandhi","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Orlistat, a weight loss medication, is often less effective due to poor adherence to the dietary and exercise recommendations. However, its effectiveness is often compromised by poor adherence to recommended lifestyle changes and side effects like steatorrhea. Combining orlistat with resveratrol may enhance weight loss and offer additional metabolic benefits.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluated the real-world efficacy and safety of orlistat combined with resveratrol versus orlistat alone in overweight or obese individuals in Myanmar.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Obese adults (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) were randomized into two groups for a 12-week study. The Orlistat (O) group received orlistat 120 mg three times daily, while the Orlistat &amp; Resveratrol (O-R) group took orlistat 120 mg plus resveratrol 100 mg thrice daily. Primary outcome measured was weight change; secondary outcomes included Total Cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, Blood pressure, HbA1c, alanine transaminase (ALT), controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), Liver stiffness, and Total Body Fat. Adverse events were also recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The O-R group lost more weight (−3.31 kg, 95 % CI: 2.36–5.04, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) than the O group (−2.92 kg, 95 % CI: −2.6442–4.5471, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Additionally, the O-R group showed greater reductions in total body fat (−4.93 %), diastolic blood pressure (78.38 mmHg vs 75.93 mmHg; 95 % CI: 0.4473–4.4707, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), and CAP score (276.62 dB/m vs 253.16 dB/m; 95 % CI: 8.46–38.85, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Significant weight loss in the O-R group was observed in obese patients with steatosis (S1–S3) or fibrosis (F2–F4), and in diabetic patients, particularly those with a BMI ≥30 (−2.79 kg vs −1.04 kg, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and steatosis (−2.17 kg vs −0.44 kg, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Steatorrhea occurred in both groups, while diarrhoea was noted only in the O group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Addition of resveratrol to orlistat provides synergistic benefits to weight loss with additional benefit in terms of reducing total body fat and diastolic BP. These benefits were also apparent in subgroup of patients with diabetes suffering from obesity or steatosis.</div><div>Trial registration number: ISRCTN10642495.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CtBP: A mediator of a metabolic switch from homeostasis to carcinogenesis","authors":"Saumya Shukla,&nbsp;Raghvendra Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dimeric form of C-terminus binding protein (CtBP), which is responsible for a balanced transcription rate of genes involved in the homeostatic processes, is a global corepressor. CtBP dimerization and formation of the CtBP corepressor complex require NADH. Under a normal NADH/NAD+ ratio, CtBP is in the dimeric form while, when NADH/NAD+ decreases, it converts into a monomeric form. The monomeric form of CtBP inhibits histone acetyltransferase p300, which plays an important role in the packaging of newly replicated and repaired DNA into chromatin by acetylating the histone H3 core domain lysine 56 (H3K56). Further, by inhibiting p300, the monomeric form of CtBP inhibits NFκB, which plays an important role in the innate immune response toward neoantigens. Furthermore, NFκB causes the transcription of IL-6, which is important in the resolution of the innate immune response. Moreover, by inhibiting p300, the monomeric CtBP inhibits p53, the guardian of the genome. Thus, by inhibiting p300, the monomeric form of CtBP may be involved in carcinogenesis when NADH/NAD+ ratio decreases. In contrast, hypoxia increases the NADH/NAD+ ratio, generating the dimeric form of CtBP and relieving the inhibition of p300 by the monomeric CtBP. The higher NADH/NAD+ ratio and p300 activity under hypoxia mask the instability of cancer cells, confer invasive properties, cause COX-2 expression, increase the transactivation activity of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), and cause drug resistance through NFκB. Thus, p300, regulated by NADH/NAD+ ratio through CtBP, works as a double-edged sword in cancer initiation and progression, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between metabolic syndrome and gallstone disease: A cross-sectional study from the PERSIAN Guilan cohort study","authors":"Hasti Zakeri Fardi ,&nbsp;Kourosh Mojtahedi ,&nbsp;Saman Maroufizadeh ,&nbsp;Farahnaz Joukar ,&nbsp;Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There has been a concerning increase in the occurrence of gallstone diseases (GSDs) among individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study investigated the association between MetS and GSDs and related risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,520 participants from the prospective epidemiological research studies of the Iranian adults (PERSIAN) Guilan cohort study (PGCS) population. Demographic and clinical characteristics, anthropometric parameters, and laboratory findings were collected. National Cholesterol Education Program–Adult Treatment Panel III criteria (NCEP-ATP III) were used to diagnose the MetS. All data was analyzed using SPSS version 26, and a significant level was considered &lt;0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of MetS was 41.8 %, with higher rates in females (56.3 %) than males (25.0 %). Also, GSD prevalence was 2.06 %. Abdominal obesity and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly associated with GSDs (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The presence of MetS increased GSD odds by 47 % (<em>P=</em>0.010). A trend of increasing GSD prevalence with the number of MetS components illustrated a significant relationship ranging from 0.56 % (no components) to 3.60 % (all components) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings demonstrated that MetS was significantly associated with increased risk of GSDs, of which higher body mass index (BMI), greater waist circumference, and lower HDL level were the most associated risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}