JoulePub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.11.003
Jörn C. Richstein, Vasilios Anatolitis, Robin Blömer, Lennart Bunnenberg, Jakob Dürrwächter, Johannes Eckstein, Karl-Martin Ehrhart, Nele Friedrichsen, Till Köveker, Sascha Lehmann, Oliver Lösch, Felix Christian Matthes, Karsten Neuhoff, Paula Niemölller, Matia Riemer, Falko Ueckerdt, Jakob Wachsmuth, Runxi Wang, Jenny Winkler
{"title":"Catalyzing the transition to a climate-neutral industry with carbon contracts for difference","authors":"Jörn C. Richstein, Vasilios Anatolitis, Robin Blömer, Lennart Bunnenberg, Jakob Dürrwächter, Johannes Eckstein, Karl-Martin Ehrhart, Nele Friedrichsen, Till Köveker, Sascha Lehmann, Oliver Lösch, Felix Christian Matthes, Karsten Neuhoff, Paula Niemölller, Matia Riemer, Falko Ueckerdt, Jakob Wachsmuth, Runxi Wang, Jenny Winkler","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"Jörn C. Richstein worked as a senior researcher at the German Institute for Economic Research. His research covers climate policy design in the industrial sector, including carbon contracts for difference and emissions trading. His second focus area is electricity market design, including short- and long-term market design, renewables policy, and industrial demand response. He holds a joint PhD in sustainable energy technologies and strategies from Delft University of Technology, Comillas Pontifical University, and KTH. He now leads the Pan-European team at Aurora Energy Research, which covers technology, market and policy trends for renewables, flexible technologies, and European emissions trading.Johannes Eckstein is a senior researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research. In his work, he focuses on the link of climate policy and industry, particularly on innovative funding instruments such as the EU Innovation Fund or carbon contracts for difference. Energy system modeling and related policy questions are a second building block of his expertise, e.g., on the relevance of hydrogen for decarbonization. He leads and works in projects related to the international, EU, or national context. Johannes Eckstein holds a doctoral degree in physics from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.024
Xiao Cui , Stephen Dongmin Kang , Sunny Wang , Justin A. Rose , Huada Lian , Alexis Geslin , Steven B. Torrisi , Martin Z. Bazant , Shijing Sun , William C. Chueh
{"title":"Data-driven analysis of battery formation reveals the role of electrode utilization in extending cycle life","authors":"Xiao Cui , Stephen Dongmin Kang , Sunny Wang , Justin A. Rose , Huada Lian , Alexis Geslin , Steven B. Torrisi , Martin Z. Bazant , Shijing Sun , William C. Chueh","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formation is a critical step in battery manufacturing. During this process, lithium inventory is consumed to form the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which in turn determines the battery lifetime. To tackle the vast parameter space and complexity of formation, we employ a data-driven workflow on 186 lithium-ion battery cells across 62 formation protocols. We identify two key parameters, formation charge current and temperature, that control battery longevity via distinct mechanisms. Surprisingly, high-formation charge current on the first cycle extends battery cycle life by an average of 50%. Unlike elevated formation temperature, which boosts battery performance by forming a robust SEI, the cycle life improvement for fast-formed cells arises from a shifted electrode-specific utilization after formation. Apart from the widely acknowledged role of formation in governing SEI properties, we demonstrate how formation protocols determine the stoichiometry range over which the positive and negative electrodes are cycled.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"8 11","pages":"Pages 3072-3087"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142090465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.08.007
Jun Wang , Jiajia Wang , Jianyong Feng , Yingfei Hu , Huiting Huang , Ningsi Zhang , Minyue Zhao , Wangxi Liu , Changhao Liu , Zhi Zhu , Shicheng Yan , Tao Yu , Ce Zhang , Wei Yao , Zhigang Zou , Zhaosheng Li
{"title":"Photochemical CO2 hydrogenation to carbon nanotubes and H2O for oxygen recovery in space exploration","authors":"Jun Wang , Jiajia Wang , Jianyong Feng , Yingfei Hu , Huiting Huang , Ningsi Zhang , Minyue Zhao , Wangxi Liu , Changhao Liu , Zhi Zhu , Shicheng Yan , Tao Yu , Ce Zhang , Wei Yao , Zhigang Zou , Zhaosheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary source of oxygen in space exploration is derived from water electrolysis. Herein, we discovered a mild photochemical hydrogenation process that can convert CO<sub>2</sub> into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and H<sub>2</sub>O by using a Co-based catalyst. Hence, astronauts can extract oxygen from CO<sub>2</sub> metabolism to close the oxygen recycling loop (overall reaction: CO<sub>2</sub> → C + O<sub>2</sub>), allowing for ∼100% theoretical oxygen recovery. This photochemical technique has enabled a high turnover number (the molar ratio of C to Co) of 240 for CNT formation during a 100 h reaction in a flow reactor. The oxygen recovery efficiency reaches approximately 68% when using flowing CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>, surpassing the theoretical maximum (50%) for the Sabatier reaction combined with water electrolysis at the International Space Station. The tip-growth mode of CNTs principally allows long-term oxygen recovery from CO<sub>2</sub>, in addition to space manufacturing of CNTs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"8 11","pages":"Pages 3126-3141"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.011
Bradie S. Crandall , Marcus Harland-Dunaway , Robert E. Jinkerson , Feng Jiao
{"title":"Electro-agriculture: Revolutionizing farming for a sustainable future","authors":"Bradie S. Crandall , Marcus Harland-Dunaway , Robert E. Jinkerson , Feng Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For millennia, humanity has depended on photosynthesis to cultivate crops and feed a growing population. However, the escalating challenges of climate change and global hunger now compel us to surpass the efficiency limitations of photosynthesis. Here, we propose the adoption of an electro-agriculture (electro-ag) framework that combines CO<sub>2</sub> electrolysis with biological systems to enhance food production efficiency. Adopting a food system based entirely on electro-ag could reduce United States agricultural land use by 88%, freeing nearly half of the country’s land for ecosystem restoration and natural carbon sequestration. Electro-ag bypasses traditional photosynthesis, enabling food cultivation in non-arable urban centers, arid deserts, and even outer space environments. We offer a new strategy that improves energy efficiency by an order of magnitude compared with photosynthesis, along with essential guidance for developing electro-ag focused on staple crops, to maximize benefits for regions facing food insecurity. This innovative approach to agriculture holds significant promise in reducing environmental impacts, streamlining supply chains, and addressing the global food crisis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"8 11","pages":"Pages 2974-2991"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.015
Natalia B. Shustova
{"title":"Anthracene-based energy storage","authors":"Natalia B. Shustova","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a recent issue of <em>Chem</em>, Professor Han and coworkers advance the anthracene-based solar energy storage materials capable of self-activated heat release through a cascading cycloreversion process, mimicking fossil fuel combustion and presenting new possibilities for scalable, renewable heat storage applications. This preview highlights two significant breakthroughs in molecular solar thermal energy storage systems developed in the Han group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"8 11","pages":"Pages 2957-2959"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.003
Robert Istrate , Aina Mas-Fons , Antoine Beylot , Stephen Northey , Ketan Vaidya , Guido Sonnemann , René Kleijn , Bernhard Steubing
{"title":"Decarbonizing lithium-ion battery primary raw materials supply chain","authors":"Robert Istrate , Aina Mas-Fons , Antoine Beylot , Stephen Northey , Ketan Vaidya , Guido Sonnemann , René Kleijn , Bernhard Steubing","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decarbonizing the supply chain of raw materials for electric vehicle (EV) batteries is the ultimate frontier of deep decarbonization in transportation. While circularity is key, decarbonizing primary production is equally imperative. Here, we provide a blueprint for available strategies to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the primary production of battery-grade lithium hydroxide, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, natural graphite, and synthetic graphite. Shifting to renewable electricity and electrifying heat for mining and refining operations and reagents production emerges as a promising avenue. Combined, these measures can reduce the GHG emissions intensity by 53%–86% for the analyzed production routes. However, these reductions may not achieve absolute decoupling of GHG emissions from the growing demand driven by the rollout of EVs. Bridging this gap may require additional strategies, including low-carbon haul trucks, electrification of processing equipment, reagents regeneration and/or substitution, alternative reducing agents, improvements in material recovery rates, or new and emerging production technologies. Ultimately, an optimized portfolio of strategies is crucial for decarbonizing the production of raw materials that will power a net-zero future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"8 11","pages":"Pages 2992-3016"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142519362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.014
Yike Ye , Zhichuan J. Xu
{"title":"Spin regulation through chirality in catalysis","authors":"Yike Ye , Zhichuan J. Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current studies have highlighted the crucial role of spin in electrocatalytic reactions. Spin regulation can effectively reduce the energy cost of spin flipping and accelerate reactions. A recent work in <em>Journal of the American Chemical Society</em> by Zhang et al.<span><span><sup>1</sup></span></span> reported the spin regulation on chiral Ag nanostructured films, which significantly enhances C<sub>2+</sub> product formation in electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"8 11","pages":"Pages 2954-2957"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.08.003
Mingquan Tao , Yang Wang , Kun Zhang , Zhaofei Song , Yangjie Lan , Haodan Guo , Lutong Guo , Xiwen Zhang , Junfeng Wei , Dongqiang Cao , Yanlin Song
{"title":"Molecule-triggered strain regulation and interfacial passivation for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells","authors":"Mingquan Tao , Yang Wang , Kun Zhang , Zhaofei Song , Yangjie Lan , Haodan Guo , Lutong Guo , Xiwen Zhang , Junfeng Wei , Dongqiang Cao , Yanlin Song","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residual tensile strain impedes the improvement of efficiency and intrinsic stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), resulting from the perovskite lattice distortion and different thermal expansion coefficients. Herein, we propose a molecule-triggered strain regulation and interfacial passivation strategy to enhance the efficiency and stability (especially photostability) of PSCs, which utilizes the [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 6-bromocoumarin-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (BAEE), consuming the incident UV light to suppress the tensile strain evolution. Meanwhile, the BAEE can form a strong bond with NiO<sub>x</sub>, assisting the perovskite growth and the interface defect passivation. We obtain the efficiency of 26.32% (certified 26.08%), the open-circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>) up to 1.201 V with low V<sub>oc</sub> loss (0.342 V), as well as the long-term stability (continuous 365 nm UV illumination: T<sub>90</sub> > 110 h in N<sub>2</sub>, T<sub>90</sub> > 6 h in ambient air, and continuous LED white light irradiation at 100 mWcm<sup>−2</sup>: T<sub>90</sub> > 1,000 h).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"8 11","pages":"Pages 3142-3152"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142101733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.010
Yongwook Kim , Eric W. Lees , Chaitanya Donde , Andrew M.L. Jewlal , Christopher E.B. Waizenegger , Basil M.W. de Hepcée , Grace L. Simpson , Akshi Valji , Curtis P. Berlinguette
{"title":"Integrated CO2 capture and conversion to form syngas","authors":"Yongwook Kim , Eric W. Lees , Chaitanya Donde , Andrew M.L. Jewlal , Christopher E.B. Waizenegger , Basil M.W. de Hepcée , Grace L. Simpson , Akshi Valji , Curtis P. Berlinguette","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To convert waste carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) into valuable chemicals and fuels, electrolyzers must be integrated with an upstream CO<sub>2</sub> capture step. However, this integration has not been demonstrated due to the mismatched rates between CO<sub>2</sub> capture and conversion. We present an integrated CO<sub>2</sub> capture-conversion system that produces syngas with a 1.7:1 H<sub>2</sub> to CO ratio at steady state, where the capture rate matches the release rate in the electrolyzer. The system uses a packed-bed absorber where K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> solutions react with CO<sub>2</sub> from simulated flue gas to form (bi)carbonate-enriched solutions, which are then fed into an electrolyzer to produce CO and OH<sup>−</sup>. The alkaline product is recycled to the absorber, completing the CO<sub>2</sub> capture-conversion loop. With glycine as a CO<sub>2</sub> capture promoter, the system captures 30% of carbon from simulated flue gas with a Faradaic efficiency of 30% for CO<sub>2</sub> conversion to CO at 100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> over 30 h.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"8 11","pages":"Pages 3106-3125"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.013
He Gan , Huan Li , Minwei Xu , Cuiping Han , Hui-Ming Cheng
{"title":"Failure mechanisms and remedy of an ultrathin Zn metal anode in pouch cells","authors":"He Gan , Huan Li , Minwei Xu , Cuiping Han , Hui-Ming Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zinc (Zn) metal anodes have attracted much attention for their use in aqueous Zn batteries. However, their electrochemical behavior and failure mechanisms under practical conditions remain unclear, and their cycling performance is far from the target for practical use. Here, we have developed a failure mechanism map of ultrathin Zn metal anodes in practical large (49 cm<sup>2</sup>) pouch cells and divided it into three zones, i.e., polarization, short-circuiting, and transition between the two. The correlation between failure mode and depth of discharge was revealed. Moreover, to improve the durability of large Zn anodes, a molecular interfacial layer was designed to produce compact epitaxial growth of Zn. Consequently, practical Zn||I<sub>2</sub> pouch cells with modified Zn anodes had a high capacity (∼1,200 mAh) and cycling stability (∼600 cycles), which is the record-stable Ah-level full cell reported so far. This work provides both fundamental and practical insights for accelerating the use of Zn batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"8 11","pages":"Pages 3054-3071"},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}