Research in Globalization最新文献

{"title":"Pathways towards net zero: Assessment of enablers and barriers in Nepal","authors":"Shreejana Bhusal ,&nbsp;Mukesh Dangol ,&nbsp;Manoj Bhatta ,&nbsp;Tek Maraseni ,&nbsp;Supriya Mathew","doi":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Implementing mitigation measures to limit global temperatures to below 2 °C poses several challenges. Even though Nepal's global emission contribution remains minimal, the nation is committed to the net zero targets aligned with the Paris Agreement through Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) and Long-Term Low greenhouse gas Emission Development Strategies (LT-LEDS) by 2045, where the biggest emitters like India, China and European Union (EU) aims to achieve net zero by 2070, 2060 and 2050 respectively. In this context, detailed and concrete insights on context specific factors that inhibit or enable Nepal’s mitigation measures to robust climate action are still at its infancy. We assessed the enablers and barriers to implementing mitigation measures across the energy, transport and forestry sectors. For this, an adapted version of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC’s) Feasibility Assessment Framework is used, with data triangulated through an extensive literature review, as well as qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with sector-specific experts (n = 25), policymakers (n = 15) and industry managers (n = 10). Our results indicated that geophysical and topographical barriers are relatively less prominent. However, the institutional capacity and governance, and cross-sectional coordination inhibit the implementation of mitigation measures. Addressing institutional barriers, such as policy gaps, regulatory frameworks, capacity building and coordination challenges, is essential for unlocking the full potential of enablers and overcoming obstacles. This research serves as a valuable guide for countries like Nepal, helping them gain insights into the challenges they may encounter on their journey to net zero targets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34321,"journal":{"name":"Research in Globalization","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590051X24000352/pdfft?md5=36489c5434687099ce65813577af447a&pid=1-s2.0-S2590051X24000352-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141030406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis with urbanization, industrialization, and service sector for six South Asian Countries: Fresh evidence from Driscoll Kraay standard error","authors":"Mohammad Ridwan ,&nbsp;Afrida Jinnurain Urbee ,&nbsp;Liton Chandra Voumik ,&nbsp;Mihir Kumar Das ,&nbsp;Mamunur Rashid ,&nbsp;Miguel Angel Esquivias","doi":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>South Asia is the most polluted region in the world and is struggling to deal with the effects of growing CO₂ emissions and the ecological impact it has left. The region needs to identify the variables that are most effective in reducing pollution in order to achieve long-term sustainable growth. The current study aims to investigate the environmental impacts of the current and projected urbanization rate, the service sector, and the availability of natural resources to test the environmental Kuznets-curve (EKC) theory in six South Asian countries (SAARC). With cross-sectional dependence present, this research examines panel data from 1972 to 2021 using the newly developed Driscoll Kraay Standard Error (DKSE) approach. To check the robustness of DKSE estimation, the study employs a novel Cross Sectional Autoregressive Distributive Lag (CS-ARDL) method. The results of DKSE show that GDP significantly minimizes CO₂ emissions in both the short and long run. At the same time, GDP², urbanization, and the service sector increase CO₂ emissions in the South Asian region. The DKSE estimator also shows that industrialization and abundant natural resources have insignificant impacts on CO₂ emissions. Inconsistent with the EKC hypothesis, the findings show that higher economic growth leads to increased environmental pollution and CO₂ levels. Meanwhile, the CS-ARDL analysis found that GDP and industrialization reduce CO₂ emissions, while urbanization, GDP², and natural resource availability increase CO₂ emissions. This research emphasizes the need for establishing appropriate industrialization and urbanization strategies and promoting cleaner energy adoption to reduce CO₂ emissions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34321,"journal":{"name":"Research in Globalization","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590051X24000327/pdfft?md5=609668ba82f51f8bd63a0a5cce91cf5b&pid=1-s2.0-S2590051X24000327-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141046902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart city development Models: A cross-cultural regional analysis from theory to practice","authors":"Runlin Yang,&nbsp;Feng Zhen","doi":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on the multiple definitions and cultural interpretations of smart cities, this study systematically compiled the components, standards, and development modes of smart cities in various regions of the world and proposed a new integration of smart city dimensions and operational framework based on the development process, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and practical orientation for the transition of future development of smart cities and the formulation of planning policies. The conclusions of study are as follows: (1) In the process of building smart cities, countries’ understanding of smart cities is guided by their indigenous cultures, presenting various perceptions of smart city definitions, components, and standards in different geographic regions; (2) Scholars have proposed various dimensions and combinations for the development of smart cities based on their regional cultural, technological conditions, and temporal contexts, aiming to explore how cities can become 'smart'. (3) With the accumulation of experience in the construction of smart cities, the individual-technology-culture (IndiTeCultural) dimension model, which is a combination of individuals, technology, and culture, demonstrates better alignment with the requirements of smart city development around the world. This establishes the foundation for the transition from theory to practice in crafting a future operational framework for smart cities. (4) On the basis of cross-cultural geographical analysis, drawing on the practical experiences of smart city initiatives in various countries and the rating levels of their progress, this study analyses the challenges and opportunities faced by smart city development and presents the problems that need to be solved urgently for more effective mechanisms for smart city development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34321,"journal":{"name":"Research in Globalization","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590051X24000303/pdfft?md5=dc64990e80a6849ce0ed04e26134a56c&pid=1-s2.0-S2590051X24000303-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140880155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuro-adaptive architecture: Buildings and city design that respond to human emotions, cognitive states","authors":"Ashish Makanadar","doi":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neuro-adaptive architecture has emerged as an interdisciplinary field aiming to cultivate buildings and urban environments responsive to human emotions, cognition, and well-being. Technological advances now enable unprecedented monitoring of occupants' psychological states through unobtrusive sensors, as well as adaptive modulation of environments via “smart” architectural components. If developed responsibly, these advancements hold great potential to optimize human experience and flourishing within the built milieu. However, they also present complex ethical challenges regarding privacy, consent, data security, globalization and equitable access that require thoughtful consideration. This paper provides a comprehensive review and synthesis of the opportunities and dilemmas at the nexus of neuroscience, architecture, and urban planning. Drawing from research worldwide, it examines the multidimensional issues involved and strategies for addressing them through participatory and empathic design practices. Case studies of experimental neuro-adaptive projects are discussed and recommendations provided for longitudinal evaluation of impacts on health, social outcomes, and well-being. Concepts such as cognitive ergonomics, sensory perception and emotional design, restorative urbanism, and adaptive living interfaces are explored through diverse methodologies and design hypotheses are provided for future interdisciplinary collaboration. Overall, this paper argues that responsibly optimized neuro-adaptive architecture could enhance human thriving in complex urban environments, but precautions are necessary to avoid risks to autonomy, equity or unintended consequences. Continued rigorous interdisciplinary work is imperative to navigate these opportunities and challenges, with consideration of technical, social and ethical implications at individual and societal levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34321,"journal":{"name":"Research in Globalization","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590051X24000315/pdfft?md5=1666ccf8f3433c81ea4fd63e19b56d85&pid=1-s2.0-S2590051X24000315-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140650073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the complexity! Exploring asymmetries in climate change, political globalization, and food security in the case of Pakistan","authors":"Nabila Khurshid,&nbsp;Emaan Abid","doi":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change and global politics pose potential threats to food security by impacting crop productivity and food availability. Short-term variability resulting from climate change and global politics may disrupt the stability of entire food systems. The regional implications of these factors remain uncertain, prompting this study to investigate the relationship between climate change, global politics, global inflation, and food security. Using time series data spanning from 1981 to 2021, the Non-linear Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (NARDL) approach was used to examine the asymmetric effects of political globalization (proxied by political globalization) and environmental change (proxied by CO₂ and Mean Temperature) on food security. Our findings indicate that mean temperature (MT), CO₂ emissions, and political globalization (POLG) had an asymmetrical effect on food security as CO₂_POS, CO_{2_}NEG, and MT_POS, MT_NEG had a positive relationship with food security while POLG_POS, POLG_NEG had a negative relationship with food security. The current research proposes that Pakistan needs a holistic approach to address climate and food security, including sustainable farming, water management, climate-resilient infrastructure, social safety nets, and local food production. Government subsidies and incentives can encourage heat-tolerant crop cultivation, while international collaboration and alliances are needed to strengthen domestic agriculture, invest in research, implement social safety nets, and manage exchange rate fluctuations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34321,"journal":{"name":"Research in Globalization","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590051X24000297/pdfft?md5=857e6cbf7d16b487004cb76328ec18a4&pid=1-s2.0-S2590051X24000297-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visionary leadership and innovative mindset for sustainable business development: Case studies and practical applications","authors":"Bayan Yousef Farhan","doi":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the significance of visionary leadership and innovative leadership mindset on organizational sustainable development. The study investigates five case examples of business leadership to answer the research question of how the three-way interaction between visionary leadership, innovative leadership mindset, and business leadership approach may contribute to an organization’s sustainable development. The main argument is that the three-way interaction is considerable for the continuous development of an organization. This study uses the purposeful sampling strategy that matches the aim of the study. Therefore, five case examples from five different industries (the technological industry, the airline industry, the mining industry, the banking industry, and the automotive industry) have been selected intentionally to understand the study argument and to gather information that will answer the research question. The analysis highlighted key qualities of visionary leadership, innovative leadership mindset, and the five leadership approaches. The study infers that the proper match between the performed leadership approach and the existing visionary leadership and innovative mindset can create a unique organizational identity that serves its differentiation and continuous development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34321,"journal":{"name":"Research in Globalization","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590051X24000285/pdfft?md5=5e863e6c1d409b8965cc2bd308a268a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2590051X24000285-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraints to the transition to fossil-free passenger transport – As perceived by rural inhabitants","authors":"Margareta Westin,&nbsp;Charlotta Johansson,&nbsp;Glenn Berggård","doi":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Passenger travel by car currently accounts for a significant part of greenhouse gas emissions, but reducing dependency on the car in rural areas while ensuring accessibility is challenging. This study offers a user perspective on the constraints to fossil-free mobility in a remote rural area of Sweden, drawing on focus group discussions with inhabitants of six rural settlements.</p><p>The study took place in Västerbotten and Norrbotten, Sweden's two northernmost regions where the climate is sub-arctic, population density low, and car dependence high.</p><p>It explores constraints including the shift from personal and individual responsibility for transport to more collective solutions. Both contextual and individual aspects impact on people's ability to change, including social networks, working arrangements, socioeconomic preconditions, and personal flexibility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34321,"journal":{"name":"Research in Globalization","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590051X24000273/pdfft?md5=143f305c3453c6b5897a59dc8979f2aa&pid=1-s2.0-S2590051X24000273-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140548893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards promoting African participation in global value chains: Does infrastructure development matter?","authors":"Isaac Ketu ,&nbsp;Muhamadu Awal Kindzeka Wirajing","doi":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the effects of infrastructure development on African global value chain (GVC) participation. Infrastructure development is proxied by a composite index which encompasses ICT, transport network, electricity and water supply while considering both the backward and the forward dimensions of GVCs. Findings from the Discroll-Kraay and system Generalised Method of Moments reveal that infrastructure development promotes African participation in GVCs for both up and down streams. These results are robust across different types of infrastructures and income groups. The transmission mechanisms with the interaction between infrastructure indicators, human capital, foreign direct investments (FDI), and governance procure negative synergy effects for electricity, transport and water supply and positive synergy effects for ICT. Both positive and negative net effects emerge but are nullified at respective governance, human capital and FDI thresholds. Based on the results obtained, practical policy implications are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34321,"journal":{"name":"Research in Globalization","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590051X24000261/pdfft?md5=92fe649aa68196a7372e854ce9c45c5c&pid=1-s2.0-S2590051X24000261-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140537101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Globalization in Practice: Does political participation change a financial centre’s competitiveness?","authors":"Bryane Michael","doi":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>What role does polyarchy (and thus increased democracy) play in aiding the development of an international financial centre? We find support for decades of theorising, in the globalization literatures as well as in others, that some jurisdictions use autocracy (less polyarchy) to help grow out their financial centres. We look at the growth of these financial centres as the extent to which they attract more funds from abroad (cross-border bank liabilities). Polyarchy decreases as other international financial centres’ centrality in the global financial centre network expands. Polyarchy increases in most jurisdictions over time because some financial centres rely on increasingly polyartic governance as a way to foster financial innovation through increased participation by non-previously powerful sectors. Namely, the growth of an international financial centre’s centrality in global financial networks relies on tapping down on polyarchy. Yet, such polyarchy – when used by some very central jurisdictions to remain central – “spreads.” We model such a relationship between polyarchy and centrality in the global financial network, basically as a process of the process of globalization itself. These results could impact decisions ranging from Brexit to Hong Kong’s autonomy in its post-2047 period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34321,"journal":{"name":"Research in Globalization","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590051X2400025X/pdfft?md5=057aabb97601fe8c516219dcaea41521&pid=1-s2.0-S2590051X2400025X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141068448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and bibliometric analysis on agribusiness gaps in emerging markets","authors":"Richard Kwasi Bannor,&nbsp;Kingsley Kofi Arthur","doi":"10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the numerous opportunities offered by globalisation in most agribusiness sectors of African and Asian economies, the sector is still struggling to capitalise on these opportunities and catch up with the trends in developed and emerging markets. Consequently, the current study systematically examined the gaps in the agribusiness industry in Africa and Asia and their significant effects on its growth in the emerging global market. Using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, we employed the PRISMA technique in identifying 122 relevant articles from Google Scholar and Scopus databases. The data was analysed using Bibliometric tools such as VOS viewer, R-package <em>Bibliometrix</em> and MS Excel. The results reveal that publications on the evolution of the agribusiness industry and its gaps have increased over the past 15 years, with the majority of the journals expanding their scope to prioritize the economic development of the agriculture sector in both Africa and Asia. Scholars from developing and developed countries observed a high level of intellectual collaboration. Likewise, the investment in agribusiness research projects was also at the middle peak, with less funding from developing countries' governments. Journals on agribusiness are limited, particularly downstream agribusinesses, with only one journal focussing specifically on agribusiness studies in developing countries. Five major gaps characterised the agribusiness sector, including business management and entrepreneurship skills and training gaps, inadequate knowledge and skills of the youth, inadequate skills and knowledge among females in agribusiness, and technology and innovation gaps. Barriers and challenges such as poor governance and institutional reforms, social and cultural norms, poor market systems, and inadequate flow of information within the agribusiness industry were also identified as gaps. The findings suggest that governments of developing economies should commit funds to agribusiness projects and research projects tailored to solve developing countries' issues to spark the necessary gains from the agribusiness sector.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34321,"journal":{"name":"Research in Globalization","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590051X24000236/pdfft?md5=d65c16a4a02f90f593ef493f1ccf4863&pid=1-s2.0-S2590051X24000236-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140163738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}