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Dynamic calibration of carrier frequency bridge amplifiers 载频桥式放大器的动态校准
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101343
Leonard Klaus, M. Florian Beug
{"title":"Dynamic calibration of carrier frequency bridge amplifiers","authors":"Leonard Klaus,&nbsp;M. Florian Beug","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In many dynamic applications, carrier frequency (CF) bridge amplifiers are used for signal conditioning of the sensor output. Up to now, a dynamic calibration was hardly possible. With PTB's dynamic bridge standard, a static and a dynamic calibration is possible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental verification of coil motion misalignment insensitivity in a Kibble balance 基布尔天平线圈运动失调不灵敏度的实验验证
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101350
Johannes Konrad , Norbert Rogge , Suren Vasilyan , Christian Rothleitner , Thomas Fröhlich
{"title":"Experimental verification of coil motion misalignment insensitivity in a Kibble balance","authors":"Johannes Konrad ,&nbsp;Norbert Rogge ,&nbsp;Suren Vasilyan ,&nbsp;Christian Rothleitner ,&nbsp;Thomas Fröhlich","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PTB's redesigned Planck-Balance – a compact variant of a Kibble balance – is used to investigate the effects of coil motion misalignment on the final measurement result at the 1·10<sup>−6</sup> level. It shows that, at this level of precision, the measured mass value is not dependent on the movement direction of the coil for deviation angles smaller than 0.5° from the gravity vector <strong><em>g</em></strong>, as long as the displacement is measured parallel to <strong><em>g</em></strong>. The experiments have been carried out by tilting the weighing module of the Planck-Balance, which is separated from the displacement measurement module by design. As the moving mechanism – which realises an approximately linear and constrained coil motion – is the same for both modes of the experiment, this is expected, considering the associated mathematical calculations which have already been carried out. Due to the operational effort regarding alignment procedures necessary in most conventional Kibble balances, the reported result is an important step towards broader practical applications, simplifying the implementation of Kibble's principle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An unbalanced vibration force suppression method for the rotational speed standard device 一种转速标准装置不平衡激振力抑制方法
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101338
Yulin Chen, Lei Du, Qiao Sun, Jie Bai
{"title":"An unbalanced vibration force suppression method for the rotational speed standard device","authors":"Yulin Chen,&nbsp;Lei Du,&nbsp;Qiao Sun,&nbsp;Jie Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Some instruments need to passively rotate their rotors through rotational speed standard device during the rotational speed calibration, so the rotational speed standard devices with load capacity are needed. Since the significant unbalanced vibration force will affect the rotational speed accuracy and even can damage the key modules of the standard device, this paper proposes an unbalanced vibration force suppression strategy by introducing the active magnetic bearings as the force actuator to compensate for the rotor unbalanced disturbance. Firstly, the inner closed-loop magnetic bearing coil current model is designed based on the highest frequency and magnitude of the unbalanced disturbance force. Then, an outer-loop force feedback control system is constructed, and the design details of system parameters are described. Finally, the proposed control method has been verified through a hardware-in-loop simulation platform, and the experimental results show that the unbalanced vibration force are greatly suppressed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ultra-stable 3D-Printed precision voltage divider for calibrations and experiments 用于校准和实验的超稳定3d打印精密分压器
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2025.101818
Stephan Passon , Kristian König , Florian Schilling , Bernhard Maaß , Johann Meisner , Wilfried Nörtershäuser
{"title":"Ultra-stable 3D-Printed precision voltage divider for calibrations and experiments","authors":"Stephan Passon ,&nbsp;Kristian König ,&nbsp;Florian Schilling ,&nbsp;Bernhard Maaß ,&nbsp;Johann Meisner ,&nbsp;Wilfried Nörtershäuser","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2025.101818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2025.101818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the concept of an ultra-stable, thermally independent precision voltage divider tailored for direct current (DC) voltages up to 60 kV. Key features of this voltage divider include minimal voltage dependence, excellent stability, and resistance to external temperature variations. The innovative approach involves its fabrication using 3D printing technology, allowing easy replication by project partners. This precision voltage divider leverages commercially available precision resistors, drawing upon successful outcomes from the FutureEnergy 19ENG02 and HVDC ENG07 Projects.</div><div>In these experiments, which involve ion acceleration and laser probing of electronic transitions, voltage dividers are integrated into setups such as COALA (TU Darmstadt), BECOLA (Michigan State University), COLLAPS (CERN/ISOLDE), and ATLANTIS (Argonne National Laboratory). Monitoring the applied acceleration potential, these dividers allow one to consider and counteract long-term drifts and thereby improving measurement accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101818"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of the interpolation parameters to estimate the errors at specific force values in continuous calibration 通过对插补参数的分析，估计出连续标定中特定力值的误差
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101376
Jonas Sander , Rafael S. Oliveira , Wellington G. Fernandes , Falk Ludwig Tegtmeier , Andy Knott
{"title":"Analysis of the interpolation parameters to estimate the errors at specific force values in continuous calibration","authors":"Jonas Sander ,&nbsp;Rafael S. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Wellington G. Fernandes ,&nbsp;Falk Ludwig Tegtmeier ,&nbsp;Andy Knott","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Euramet project 18SIB08 “ComTraForce” developed research to improve the continuous calibration procedures intended to be added to the under review standards that traditionally deals with static force calibration, such as ISO 376 and ISO 7500-1. Among these procedures is the description of a method for the adequate synchronous correlation between the force signals of the reference and the device under test to estimate the indication error for a specific force target value. This method describes the necessity to carry out a double interpolation sequence, using linear least squares adjustments. This paper presents a study on the impact of selecting different ranges of points on the estimation of the interpolation coefficients and the consequent impact on the calculation of the indication errors. The statistical parameters of these curves are also discussed. Experimental data was obtained from measurement series with different force rates carried out in an assembly with a testing machine and a reference sensor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sensitivity calibration for mass comparator based on optical force 基于光力的质量比较器灵敏度标定
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101366
Manhong Hu, Jian Wang, Changqing Cai, Qing Sun, Kai Jiao, Hanghang Chen
{"title":"Sensitivity calibration for mass comparator based on optical force","authors":"Manhong Hu,&nbsp;Jian Wang,&nbsp;Changqing Cai,&nbsp;Qing Sun,&nbsp;Kai Jiao,&nbsp;Hanghang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The laser photon-momentum-based method is more and more used in the optical power measurements. As a revert use, the laser optical power can be used as a traceable source to small mass in micro range using the same photon-momentum-based method to new SI with better measuring accuracy. The sensitivity calibration for mass comparator based on laser optical force was carried out using an optical power range between 20 W and 120 W at a wavelength of 1080 nm. The air density meter is used to sense the stability of the laser power and optical force. Uncertainty of measurement is evaluated. With a coverage factor <em>k</em> = 2, relative expanded uncertainty of reference sensitivity mass standard using photon force of laser is better than 2 %. The uncertainty of the sensitivity calibration is also investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digital to analog converter based on pulse-width adding 基于脉宽加和的数模转换器
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101418
Vítor Viegas , J.M. Dias Pereira
{"title":"Digital to analog converter based on pulse-width adding","authors":"Vítor Viegas ,&nbsp;J.M. Dias Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) based on the pulse width created naturally by the binary counting sequence. The concept involves combining the counting impulses of the bits to form a pulse-width modulated signal, where the mean voltage is proportional to the input digital code. We propose a circuit capable of achieving this using general-purpose components. Although our design targets 8 bits, it is scalable for any number of nibbles.</div><div>The paper details simulations conducted to verify the proper functioning of the circuit and to evaluate its performance. Tests were performed to determine the static characteristics of the converter, measure its differential nonlinearity (DNL), and observe its step response.</div><div>In static terms, the converter exhibited negligible gain and offset errors, with a DNL below 1 LSB (least significant bit). The converter operated correctly without any missing codes.</div><div>In dynamic terms, the converter demonstrated a bandwidth of 10 kHz and behaved like a second-order low-pass filter with critical damping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spectral method for acoustic impulse events time difference of arrival estimation 声脉冲事件到达时间差估计的频谱法
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101420
Jakub Svatos, Martin Maxa, Jan Holub
{"title":"Spectral method for acoustic impulse events time difference of arrival estimation","authors":"Jakub Svatos,&nbsp;Martin Maxa,&nbsp;Jan Holub","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper deals with localizing an acoustic event source, e.g., gunshots, using two microphone systems. It briefly describes the properties of gunshot patterns and introduces possible methods based on acoustic signals from two microphones for gunshot localization. The localization method is based on the Time Difference of Arrival of an incoming acoustic wave, which is calculated using Phase-Based Delay Estimation. The presented method uses spectral analysis of signals recorded by both microphones to determine the delay in samples between the two signals. It has been shown that the frequency-based method can be, in certain cases, more reliable than commonly used cross-correlation methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis of analog signals using QUBO-based spectral shaping of binary sequences 基于qubo的二值序列频谱整形模拟信号合成
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101421
Paolo Carbone, Francesco Santoni, Alessio De Angelis, Antonio Moschitta
{"title":"Synthesis of analog signals using QUBO-based spectral shaping of binary sequences","authors":"Paolo Carbone,&nbsp;Francesco Santoni,&nbsp;Alessio De Angelis,&nbsp;Antonio Moschitta","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital synthesis of test signals is a subject of ongoing research in electrical engineering. Owing to their simplicity, it is of particular interest the possibility of using binary sequences to generate high-quality analog signals. Published results report the usage of ΣΔ-based methods to generate binary spectrally-shaped test signals that, once filtered, result in high-quality analog signals useable for testing purposes. This paper proposes the usage of quadratic binary unconstrained optimization as an alternative providing comparable or superior results, thus representing a valid alternate synthesis method. The approach is first introduced by the usage of several examples. Experimental results are shown that validate the presented signal synthesis method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimation of force acting on oral cavity during swallowing using tongue simulator 用舌头模拟器估计吞咽过程中作用于口腔的力
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101378
Shunsuke Ozawa , Tetsu Kamiya , Takanori Yamazaki
{"title":"Estimation of force acting on oral cavity during swallowing using tongue simulator","authors":"Shunsuke Ozawa ,&nbsp;Tetsu Kamiya ,&nbsp;Takanori Yamazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The majority of studies on mastication movements have focused on chewing movements. In recent years, however, it has come to be thought that tongue action also plays a very important role in masticatory movements.</div><div>As the aging process reduces the function of the tongue, it causes aspiration and increases the risk of aspiration pneumonia. The tongue has a significant influence on the cause of aspiration. Therefore, it is important to understand the movement of the tongue and the movement of the food mass in the mouth. In our study, we developed a device that simulates tongue movement. This device is used to investigate the relationship between food and the tongue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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