Kai Geva, Holger Kahmann, Christian Schlegel, Kai Mienert, Christian Keilholz, Stefan Augustat
{"title":"Measurement uncertainty budget of a 5 MN·m torque standard machine","authors":"Kai Geva, Holger Kahmann, Christian Schlegel, Kai Mienert, Christian Keilholz, Stefan Augustat","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The measurement uncertainty budget (MUB) of the 5 MN·m torque standard machine at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) is presented in this paper. The measurement uncertainty (MU) influences are identified and methods are presented to measure these influences, namely the reference force transducer, the moment shunts and the lever arm length. Also, the experimental results are described and discussed in this article.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-modal GMI applications with annealed nanocrystalline core","authors":"Diana Hrakova , Aktham Asfour , Pavel Ripka","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>GMI sensors theoretically offer multi-modal sensing, capable of measuring both applied stress and external magnetic fields simultaneously.</div><div>Our research explores how the impedance changes in GMI sensors are influenced not only by external magnetic fields but also by changes in the magnetic core's microstructure.</div><div>We investigate (Co<sub>94</sub>Fe<sub>6</sub>)<sub>75</sub>Si<sub>15</sub>B<sub>10</sub> amorphous alloy and Fe<sub>73.5</sub>Cu<sub>1</sub>Nb<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>13.5</sub>B<sub>9</sub> nanocrystalline alloy, focusing on flash annealing duration effects (15–300 seconds) under specific stress and current conditions optimized for permeability and coercivity control.</div><div>The results show that there is no single best way to process GMI cores for high sensitivity and low noise. Instead, annealing parameters must be tailored to match the sensor's operational range. We discovered that grain size significantly impacts the sensor's sensitivity and operational field range, with larger grains responding better to applied stress. This study highlights that customising annealing time allows for tailoring GMI sensor characteristics to suit specific applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatrice Rodiek , Gregorio Álvarez Clara , Clifford Brown , Stuart Davidson , Muhammed-Ali Demir , Sascha Eichstädt , Wafa El Jaoua , Yin Hsien Fung , Jean-Laurent Hippolyte , Tobias Hoffmann , Daniel Hutzschenreuter , Moritz Jordan , Beste Korutlu , Naoki Kuramoto , Sungwan Cho , Zhengkun Li , Andrea Malengo , Nathan Murnaghan , Luis Manuel Peña Pérez , Shanna Schönhals , Ian Smith
{"title":"Project on a fully automated evaluation of a virtual comparison of mass using the Digital Calibration Certificate (DCC) schema","authors":"Beatrice Rodiek , Gregorio Álvarez Clara , Clifford Brown , Stuart Davidson , Muhammed-Ali Demir , Sascha Eichstädt , Wafa El Jaoua , Yin Hsien Fung , Jean-Laurent Hippolyte , Tobias Hoffmann , Daniel Hutzschenreuter , Moritz Jordan , Beste Korutlu , Naoki Kuramoto , Sungwan Cho , Zhengkun Li , Andrea Malengo , Nathan Murnaghan , Luis Manuel Peña Pérez , Shanna Schönhals , Ian Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present the proof of concept for the first fully automated evaluation of a virtual mass comparison. The focus of this comparison is to demonstrate a possibility of digital transformation in metrology using an automated evaluation chain of different tools as well as machine-interpretable files for data transfer and reporting. We discuss the different tools and exchange formats as well as the performance of the virtual mass comparison in detail.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valentina Di Pinto , Gioia Galli , Giovanni Gibertoni , Alberto Ferrari , Marco Ferrarini , Niccolò Morisi , Silvia Giovanella , Giulia Ligabue , Gabriele Donati , Luigi Rovati
{"title":"Towards the monitoring of dialysis treatment through absorption and endogenous fluorescence techniques","authors":"Valentina Di Pinto , Gioia Galli , Giovanni Gibertoni , Alberto Ferrari , Marco Ferrarini , Niccolò Morisi , Silvia Giovanella , Giulia Ligabue , Gabriele Donati , Luigi Rovati","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the monitoring of uraemic toxins in haemodialysis treatments, beyond urea concentration, in the perspective of reducing complications stemming from the lack of personalized haemodialysis therapies. Absorption and fluorescence techniques were employed to analyse low-middle weight molecules employing laboratory prepared solutions combining p-cresol, bovine albumin and bisphenol-A molecules. These optical techniques offer the advantage of analysing the sample without physical contact, ensuring the potential for implementation in a real-world scenario for continuous treatment monitoring. Real-time monitoring of these toxins in spent dialysate could offer insights into blood concentrations, enhancing dialysis treatment optimization and complication management.</div><div>The considered absorption spectra fell within the ultraviolet range (240, 400) nm, while fluorescence spectra were obtained at a selected excitation wavelength of 285 nm. Data analysis revealed a correlation between molecule concentrations and signal intensity in both absorption and fluorescence measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of square drive connections on the calibration of torque wrenches","authors":"Andreas Brüge","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of dimensional deviations in square drive adaptors on the calibration of torque wrenches is attributed to the effect of systematic eccentricities based on theoretical considerations. It is shown how deviations from the square cross-section, as they occur with commercially available adapters, lead to relative deviations in the calibration results of around 1·10<sup>−4</sup>. With the aid of an adjustable square drive socket of high precision, such dimensional deviations are specifically generated and investigated experimentally. The theoretical behaviour is qualitatively confirmed, and the consequences for the practical calibration of torque wrenches are discussed. A new parameter for characterising the quality of a square drive connection, the combined squareness, is proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giorgio Cacopardo , Pasquale Daponte , Luca De Vito , Francesco Italiano , Gianluca Lazzaro , Manfredi Longo , Francesco Picariello , Sergio Sciré Scappuzzo , Ioan Tudosa
{"title":"Design and characterization of an energy-efficient underwater system for temperature and acoustic emission monitoring","authors":"Giorgio Cacopardo , Pasquale Daponte , Luca De Vito , Francesco Italiano , Gianluca Lazzaro , Manfredi Longo , Francesco Picariello , Sergio Sciré Scappuzzo , Ioan Tudosa","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reports the results obtained from a laboratory characterization of a prototype designed for the measurement of temperature and acoustic emission in underwater applications. The implemented prototype has been designed to minimize energy consumption while assuring both high-temperature measurement accuracy and low harmonic distortions on the acquired acoustic signal. In this paper, the current consumption and the waveform recorder characterization of the prototype are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New approach for a non-linear/multi-dimensional calibration method for dynamic forces materials testing machines","authors":"Frank Hauschild","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents a mathematical approach for a non-linear/multi-dimensional calibration method for force measurements in two different types of universal testing machines. This approach is derived from the experiences and datasets of the EMPIR project ComTraForce [1] and is based on a mathematically flexible approach that takes into account the complexity involved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic calibration of carrier frequency bridge amplifiers","authors":"Leonard Klaus, M. Florian Beug","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In many dynamic applications, carrier frequency (CF) bridge amplifiers are used for signal conditioning of the sensor output. Up to now, a dynamic calibration was hardly possible. With PTB's dynamic bridge standard, a static and a dynamic calibration is possible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johannes Konrad , Norbert Rogge , Suren Vasilyan , Christian Rothleitner , Thomas Fröhlich
{"title":"Experimental verification of coil motion misalignment insensitivity in a Kibble balance","authors":"Johannes Konrad , Norbert Rogge , Suren Vasilyan , Christian Rothleitner , Thomas Fröhlich","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PTB's redesigned Planck-Balance – a compact variant of a Kibble balance – is used to investigate the effects of coil motion misalignment on the final measurement result at the 1·10<sup>−6</sup> level. It shows that, at this level of precision, the measured mass value is not dependent on the movement direction of the coil for deviation angles smaller than 0.5° from the gravity vector <strong><em>g</em></strong>, as long as the displacement is measured parallel to <strong><em>g</em></strong>. The experiments have been carried out by tilting the weighing module of the Planck-Balance, which is separated from the displacement measurement module by design. As the moving mechanism – which realises an approximately linear and constrained coil motion – is the same for both modes of the experiment, this is expected, considering the associated mathematical calculations which have already been carried out. Due to the operational effort regarding alignment procedures necessary in most conventional Kibble balances, the reported result is an important step towards broader practical applications, simplifying the implementation of Kibble's principle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An unbalanced vibration force suppression method for the rotational speed standard device","authors":"Yulin Chen, Lei Du, Qiao Sun, Jie Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Some instruments need to passively rotate their rotors through rotational speed standard device during the rotational speed calibration, so the rotational speed standard devices with load capacity are needed. Since the significant unbalanced vibration force will affect the rotational speed accuracy and even can damage the key modules of the standard device, this paper proposes an unbalanced vibration force suppression strategy by introducing the active magnetic bearings as the force actuator to compensate for the rotor unbalanced disturbance. Firstly, the inner closed-loop magnetic bearing coil current model is designed based on the highest frequency and magnitude of the unbalanced disturbance force. Then, an outer-loop force feedback control system is constructed, and the design details of system parameters are described. Finally, the proposed control method has been verified through a hardware-in-loop simulation platform, and the experimental results show that the unbalanced vibration force are greatly suppressed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}