Current Research in Microbial Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Production and characterization of sophorolipid under yeast-mediated submerged fermentation utilizing Agro-industrial waste","authors":"Aishwary Purohit ,&nbsp;Amar Jyoti Das ,&nbsp;Debashish Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The challenges of pollution and agro-industrial waste management have led to the development of bioconversion techniques to transform these wastes into valuable products. This has increased the focus on the sustainable and cost-efficient production of biosurfactants from agro-industrial waste. Hence, the present study investigates the production of sophorolipid biosurfactants using the yeast strain <em>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</em> IIPL32 under submerged fermentation, employing sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate—a renewable, low-cost agro-industrial waste as the feedstock. By systematically optimizing strain adaptation, medium composition, and scaling up the process from shake flasks to a bioreactor, a maximum sophorolipid yield of 2.6 ± 0.21 g/L was achieved. Extensive characterization was conducted, encompassing emulsification index (54 %), surface tension reduction, and several chemical analyses (anthrone, iodine, saponification, lipid solubility). Advanced structural elucidation techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed for structural confirmation of the extracted biosurfactant. FTIR spectroscopy identified characteristic functional groups, while LC-MS revealed distinct sophorolipid congeners with varying lipid chain lengths and acetylation. NMR spectroscopy corroborated the presence of disaccharide and fatty acid components, indicating the extracted biosurfactant might be sophorolipid. This study underscores the feasibility of utilizing agro-industrial waste for the eco-friendly production of sophorolipid biosurfactants and provides detailed insights into their structural features, highlighting their potential applications across diverse fields such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifaceted virus-like particles: Navigating towards broadly effective influenza A virus vaccines","authors":"Jaffar Ali Muhamad Norizwan,&nbsp;Wen Siang Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The threat of influenza A virus (IAV) remains an annual health concern, as almost 500,000 people die each year due to the seasonal flu. Current flu vaccines are highly dependent on embryonated chicken eggs for production, which is time consuming and costly. These vaccines only confer moderate protections in elderly people, and they lack cross-protectivity; thereby requiring annual reformulation to ensure effectiveness against contemporary circulating strains. To address current limitations, new strategies are being sought, with great emphasis given on exploiting IAV's conserved antigens for vaccine development, and by using different vaccine technologies to enhance immunogenicity and expedite vaccine production. Among these technologies, there are growing pre-clinical and clinical studies involving virus-like particles (VLPs), as they are capable to display multiple conserved IAV antigens and augment their immune responses. In this review, we outline recent findings involving broadly effective IAV antigens and strategies to display these antigens on VLPs. Current production systems for IAV VLP vaccines are comprehensively reviewed. Pain-free methods for administration of IAV VLP vaccines through intranasal and transdermal routes, as well as the mechanisms in stimulating immune responses are discussed in detail. The future perspectives of VLPs in IAV vaccine development are discussed, particularly concerning their potentials in overcoming current immunological limitations of IAV vaccines, and their inherent advantages in exploring intranasal vaccination studies. We also propose avenues to expedite VLP vaccine production, as we envision that there will be more clinical trials involving IAV VLP vaccines, leading to commercialization of these vaccines in the near future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100317"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clostridium tetani bacteraemia in the plague area in France: Two cases","authors":"M.A. Boualam ,&nbsp;A. Bouri ,&nbsp;M. Signoli ,&nbsp;M. Drancourt ,&nbsp;A. Caputo ,&nbsp;E. Terrer ,&nbsp;G. Aboudharam","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Clostridium tetani</em> (<em>C. tetani</em>) bacteraemia is a rare situation, with only four case reports in the literature. Fourteen teeth from the 1590 plague site in Fédons, France, were surface decontaminated before the pulp was cultured under strict anaerobiosis with negative controls. Colonies were identified by mass spectrometry and whole genome sequencing, and <em>C. tetani-</em>specific PCR was performed using DNA extracted from dental pulps, calculus and sediments. <em>C. tetani</em> cultured in two dental pulp specimens from two individuals was firmly identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and whole genome sequencing confirmed toxigenic <em>C. tetani</em>. In the remaining twelve individuals, no such <em>C. tetani</em> was recovered and further detection by PCR and palaeoculturomics of dental calculus and sediments surrounding the teeth in these two individuals remained negative. Toxigenic <em>C. tetani</em> which did not result from mere environmental contamination, caused bacteraemia in two individuals from a modern time plague site in France.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legionella pneumophila subverts the antioxidant defenses of its amoeba host Acanthamoeba castellanii","authors":"Alban Hay ,&nbsp;Willy Aucher ,&nbsp;Romain Pigeault ,&nbsp;Joanne Bertaux ,&nbsp;Alexandre Crépin ,&nbsp;Quentin Blancart Remaury ,&nbsp;Yann Héchard ,&nbsp;Ascel Samba-Louaka ,&nbsp;Romain Villéger","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Legionella pneumophila</em>, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, interacts in the environment with free-living amoebae that serve as replicative niches for the bacteria. Among these amoebae, <em>Acanthamoeba castellanii</em> is a natural host in water networks and a model commonly used to study the interaction between <em>L. pneumophila</em> and its host. However, certain crucial aspects of this interaction remain unclear. One such aspect is the role of oxidative stress, with studies focusing on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by the host and putting less emphasis on the involvement of the host's antioxidant defenses during the infectious process. In this study, we propose to examine the consequences of infection with <em>L. pneumophila</em> wild-type or with an isogenic Δ<em>dotA</em> mutant strain, which is unable to replicate intracellularly, on <em>A. castellanii</em>. For this purpose, we looked at the host ROS levels, host antioxidant defense transcripts, and metabolites linked to the amoeba's antioxidant defenses. It is known that <em>L. pneumophila</em> WT can block the activation of NADPH oxidase as soon as it enters the macrophage and suppress ROS production compared to Δ<em>dotA</em> mutant strain. In addition, it has been shown in macrophages that <em>L. pneumophila</em> WT decreases ROS at 24 h p.i.; here we confirm this result in amoebae and suggest that this decrease could be partly explained by <em>L. pneumophila</em> differentially regulated host antioxidant defense transcripts at 6 h p.i.. We also explored the metabolome of <em>A. castellanii</em> infected or not with <em>L. pneumophila</em>. Among the 617 metabolites identified, four with reduced abundances during infection may be involved in antioxidant responses. This study suggests that <em>L. pneumophila</em> could hijack the host's antioxidant defenses during its replication to maintain a reduced level of ROS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioherbicides: revolutionizing weed management for sustainable agriculture in the era of One-health","authors":"Taqi Raza ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farhan Qadir ,&nbsp;Shakeel Imran ,&nbsp;Zobia Khatoon ,&nbsp;Muhammad Yahya Khan ,&nbsp;Mouna Mechri ,&nbsp;Waleed Asghar ,&nbsp;Muhmmad Ishaq Asif Rehmani ,&nbsp;Sergio de los Santos Villalobos ,&nbsp;Tooba Mumtaz ,&nbsp;Rashid Iqbal","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The main objective of agricultural weed management is to increase crop productivity to maintain a delicate balance between food demand and supply for an increasing population and ensure food security globally. Agriculture plays a significant role in the social life and economy of many developed or developing countries. Blind use of chemical herbicides to maximize crop production exerts many negative environmental impacts and develops resistance among the weed biotypes against herbicides, even representing a high risk to the environment and human health. Thus, in the last few years, the research activities of scientists have increased to find alternative weed control methods. Bioherbicides or biological management of weeds is an emerging topic with decent potential for sustainable crop production. Biological management of weeds has numerous positive aspects and advantages over chemical control, such as being highly selective, specific toward targeted weeds, sustainable, and having minimize harmful effect on the main crop, environment, and humans. Several biological agents, such as bacteria, fungi and viruses, also plant extracts and essential oils, have been introduced, and their bioherbicidal potential has been explored in weed management. To develop an effective bioherbicide, specific and complex types of interaction have been developed between targeted weeds and biological agents. Whereas a limited number of bioherbicides have performed successfully under field conditions to control specific weeds, nonetheless, the efficiency of many other bioherbicidal agents is still inadequate due to many reasons, such as formulation, less persistence in the field as well as lack of host-agent interaction. This critical review paper discusses several different biological methods of weed management, their advantages and disadvantages, and the importance of bioherbicides as weed-controlling agents to achieve global sustainable crop production, in the era of One-health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dual nature of plant growth-promoting bacteria: Benefits, risks, and pathways to sustainable deployment","authors":"Hassan Etesami","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are pivotal in sustainable agriculture, enhancing crop productivity and reducing reliance on chemical inputs. However, their dual role as beneficial agents and potential stressors remains underexplored. This review examines the paradoxical adverse effects of PGPB, challenging the predominantly optimistic narrative surrounding their use. At the plant level, unintended consequences include hormonal imbalances (e.g., auxin-induced root inhibition), phytotoxic metabolite production (e.g., hydrogen cyanide), and trade-offs between growth and defense mechanisms. At the soil level, risks encompass disrupted microbial diversity, altered nutrient cycling, and horizontal gene transfer that may foster pathogenicity. These outcomes are driven by environmental factors (soil pH and moisture), host-specific interactions, and application practices. Mitigation strategies emphasize rigorous strain selection, optimized dosing, and integrated soil management to balance efficacy with ecological safety. Advances in multi-omics technologies and synthetic consortia design offer predictive insights into strain behavior, while long-term ecological assessments are critical to address legacy impacts. The review underscores the necessity of a nuanced, evidence-based approach to PGPB deployment, harmonizing agricultural benefits with environmental stewardship. By addressing knowledge gaps in microbial ecology and risk assessment, this work supports strategies prioritizing both agricultural resilience and soil biodiversity to ensure PGPB contribute sustainably to global food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100421"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-emergence of Oropouche virus as a novel global threat","authors":"Richard Steiner Salvato","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oropouche fever is a viral infectious disease caused by the Oropouche virus (OROV), primarily transmitted by the biting midge <em>Culicoides paraensis</em>. Historically considered endemic to the Amazon region, particularly in Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador, Oropouche fever has resulted in an estimated 500,000 recorded infections. However, its true burden has remained largely unknown for over seven decades, serving as a classic example of a neglected tropical disease. In 2024, however, OROV rapidly expanded beyond its traditional Amazonian hotspots, spreading across Brazil and into other parts of South and Central America. Imported cases have also been reported in North America and Europe, underscoring its emergence as an escalating global public health concern. This literature review explores the historical epidemiology of Oropouche fever while shedding light on its rising public health relevance and emerging clinical challenges. The ongoing 2023–2025 outbreak has significantly affected Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Cuba, and Panama and is linked to a novel reassortant OROV lineage that originated in the Brazilian Amazon. This new lineage has since established transmission chains throughout South and Central America, with international spread likely driven by increased human mobility and air travel. As of early 2025, over 23,000 confirmed cases have been reported worldwide, including five fatalities and clear evidence of viral expansion into previously unaffected regions. Alongside this viral geographic spread, OROV infection is increasingly associated with severe clinical outcomes, including Guillain–Barré syndrome and vertical transmission leading to miscarriage and congenital anomalies. The ongoing outbreak OROV reassortant lineage also demonstrates increased virulence, immune evasion, and enhanced viral fitness, likely contributing to their epidemic potential. Despite advances in surveillance during the current outbreak, critical gaps remain, including the absence of a standardized global lineage classification system, underscoring the urgent need for strengthened genomic surveillance, deeper insights into pathogenesis, expanded vector competence research, and innovative strategies for disease and vector control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100406"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical effectiveness of fecal microbial transplantation for metabolic syndrome: Advances in clinical efficacy and multi-omics research","authors":"Hanrui Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaxing Tian ,&nbsp;Jia Mi","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Even though metabolic syndrome (MetS) poses a serious risk to human health and life, existing treatment approaches are not very effective. The impact of gut bacteria on host metabolism has been the subject of numerous research, and fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) has demonstrated great promise in reducing insulin resistance and abdominal obesity in individuals with metabolic syndrome. These FMT investigations have connected alterations in the gut microbiota to clinical indicators of insulin resistance and obesity, in addition to using high-throughput methods to analyze the gut microbiome, metabolome, and epigenome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with MetS. It is still necessary to clarify and assess the clinical effectiveness and mode of action of FMT in the management of MetS. This review examines the connection between gut bacteria and MetS, the effectiveness of FMT as a treatment, and the changes in the gut microbiome, metabolome, epigenome, and other histones following the intervention. We also discuss the safety of FMT and suggest areas for further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100415"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphasic taxonomy and genome mining of Desertivibrio insolitus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel psychrotolerant pectin-degrading actinobacterium isolated from desert soil","authors":"Shuai Li ,&nbsp;Jun Liu ,&nbsp;Huan-Huan He ,&nbsp;Jia-Rui Han ,&nbsp;Jie Huang ,&nbsp;Wen-Hui Lian ,&nbsp;Yong-Hong Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Dong ,&nbsp;Wen-Jun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extreme arid environments harbor diverse yet underexplored microorganisms with unique ecological adaptations and significant biotechnological potential. Here, we characterized a novel actinobacterium, strain SYSU D00978^T, isolated from desert soil in the Gurbantunggut Desert, Xinjiang, China. The strain was Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, curved-rod-shaped, non-motile, catalase-positive, and oxidase-negative. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene placed it within the family <em>Microbacteriaceae</em>, showing highest similarity to <em>Schumannella soli</em> 10F1D-1^T (97.3 % sequence identity) and <em>Schumannella luteola</em> KHIA^T (97.2 %), while phylogenomic analyses consistently supported its distinction from known genera. The genome of SYSU D00978^T was 2.98 Mb with a G + C content of 70.8 %. Comparative genomic analysis showed that its average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values against the closest related taxa were below the species delineation thresholds (ANI: 95–96 %; dDDH: 70 %). The strain exhibited psychrotolerance and pectin-degrading activity, indicating ecological adaptation to cold periods and involvement in organic matter turnover in desert soils. Functional annotation identified genes linked to oxidative and osmotic stress responses, carbon starvation, cold and heat shock, DNA repair, and ribosome hibernation, reflecting resilience to extreme conditions. Additionally, biosynthetic gene clusters for terpene, type III polyketide synthase, and beta-lactone suggested potential for novel bioactive compounds. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic traits further supported its taxonomic novelty. Based on polyphasic evidence, strain SYSU D00978^T (= CGMCC 1.18633^T = MCCC 1K04997^T = KCTC 49492^T) represents a novel species of a new genus within the family <em>Microbacteriaceae</em>, for which the name <em>Desertivibrio insolitus</em> gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. This study expands our understanding of microbial diversity and ecological adaptations in extreme desert environments and provides a valuable resource for future biotechnological exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100438"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supragingival microbial profiles in caries-free and caries-active adolescents treated with fixed orthodontics","authors":"Xiaoyu Miao ,&nbsp;Henglong Cao ,&nbsp;Jin Chen ,&nbsp;Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Jiayi Li ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Min Nie ,&nbsp;Miao Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dental caries occur primarily due to the formation of excessive dental plaque biofilm on teeth surfaces. This study aims to analyze the supragingival microbial profiles of permanent teeth in caries-free and caries-active adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances and to identify bacterial biomarkers that may be indicative of caries activity in specific population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twelve-year-old adolescents treated with fixed orthodontic appliances were selected as the study population, with 5 caries-free and 5 caries-active subjects. Supragingival plaque samples were collected from the first permanent molars for the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis of the V3-V4 region.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no significant difference in alpha diversity and beta diversity between the caries-free and caries-active groups. LEfSe analysis showed that differentially abundant genera such as <em>Selenomonas_3</em> (<em>S. haemophilus, S. abiotrophia and S. streptococcus</em>), <em>Oribacterium, Dialister,</em> and <em>Olsenella</em> species in the caries-free group, and <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> (<em>S. mutans</em>), <em>Neisseria, Haemophilus, Granulicatella</em>, and <em>Abiotrophia</em> species in the caries-active group, could be identified as potential biomarkers (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Co-occurrence network analysis revealed significant synergistic relationships among bacteria, with <em>Streptococcus</em>spp<em>.</em> displaying the strongest associations with other genera.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Increases in <em>S. mutans</em> and bacteria from the genera <em>Neisseria, Haemophilus, Granulicatella,</em> and <em>Abiotrophia</em> were strongly associated with the caries-active status of adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. While increases in <em>Selenomonas_3, Oribacterium, Dialister,</em> and <em>Olsenella</em> were linked to caries-free status. These findings highlight the importance of managing the oral microbiome in adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances, as certain bacterial species can serve as indicators of caries risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100455"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}