Clinical effectiveness of fecal microbial transplantation for metabolic syndrome: Advances in clinical efficacy and multi-omics research

Even though metabolic syndrome (MetS) poses a serious risk to human health and life, existing treatment approaches are not very effective. The impact of gut bacteria on host metabolism has been the subject of numerous research, and fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) has demonstrated great promise in reducing insulin resistance and abdominal obesity in individuals with metabolic syndrome. These FMT investigations have connected alterations in the gut microbiota to clinical indicators of insulin resistance and obesity, in addition to using high-throughput methods to analyze the gut microbiome, metabolome, and epigenome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with MetS. It is still necessary to clarify and assess the clinical effectiveness and mode of action of FMT in the management of MetS. This review examines the connection between gut bacteria and MetS, the effectiveness of FMT as a treatment, and the changes in the gut microbiome, metabolome, epigenome, and other histones following the intervention. We also discuss the safety of FMT and suggest areas for further investigation.