Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies最新文献_第2页

Reports on Dagestan in the Arabic Historical Work: Tarikh ar-rusul wa al-muluk of at-Tabari 阿拉伯历史著作中的达吉斯坦报告:塔巴里的Tarikh ar-rusul wa al-muluk

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2019.407

Magomed A. Gizbulaev

{"title":"Reports on Dagestan in the Arabic Historical Work: Tarikh ar-rusul wa al-muluk of at-Tabari","authors":"Magomed A. Gizbulaev","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2019.407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2019.407","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides information on the 6th–8th centuries Dagestan history on the basis of translation, commentary and comparative analysis of excerpts from the Arabic historical work Tarikh ar-rusul wa al-muluk (History of the Prophets and Kings) of at-Tabari which contains data related to the history of the peoples of North Caucasus. In his multi-volume work Abu Ja’far at-Tabari (d.922) gives in detail a world history: describing events from the creation of world and covering through it the history of ancient civilizations known to Muslims. For the most part of the book at-Tabari relates the events in annual reports within the hijra space up to 302/915. The historical work of at-Tabari served as a source for the most of his successors who authored works on universal history in Muslim historiography. At-Tabari’s reports significantly add to his predecessors’ data on the relationships between the Caliphate and polities in the Eastern Caucasus, particularly, the important parts dedicated to Qabq (Caucasus), including al-Bab (Darband), from the time of its conquest (in 40s of the 7th century). Moreover, I compared reports on Dagestan from at-Tabari’s Tarikh ar-rusul and al-Balathuri’s Futuh albudan in order to find out whether the origin of the material is the same for both authors. As a result, only two passages were found that overlap. It should be noted that at-Tabari, in contrast to al-Balathuri, relates the story and events taken in Caliphate in chronological order without attempting to reconcile conflicting messages. The results of this research can further source study in writing the medieval history of Eastern Caucasus.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122322882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lamiyya by al-Shanfara and its Commentaries: Copies Available in the Holdings of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts and the Oriental Department Collection, Gorky Research Library al-Shanfara的Lamiyya及其评论:高尔基研究图书馆东方手稿研究所和东方部收藏的副本

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2019.406

Yafia Hana, A. Mokrushina

{"title":"Lamiyya by al-Shanfara and its Commentaries: Copies Available in the Holdings of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts and the Oriental Department Collection, Gorky Research Library","authors":"Yafia Hana, A. Mokrushina","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2019.406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2019.406","url":null,"abstract":"The article “Lāmiyya by al-Shanfarā and its commentaries: Copies available in the holdings of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts and the Oriental Department collection, Gorky Research Library” reviews the problem of studying and describing oriental manuscripts, which gains more relevance in recent times. This research presents life facts of the famous pre-Islamic poet al-Shanfarā and the features of his most famous work, Lāmiyya. The study focus on the copies of this work, as well as copies of its commentaries stored in the holdings of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts and the Oriental Department collection, Gorky Research Library, SPbSU. The poetry of al-Shanfarā is traditionally compared with classical muallaq, where the authors praise tribal patriotism against the main idea — a life in exile. Lāmiyya got its name for the special repetitive rhyme. Among European researchers, this qaṣīda is also known as “The Desert Song”. The authors analyze the features of various copies of al-Shanfarā’s work and discuss the most important aspects of various commentaries on his work. The article provides illustrations of some sheets of al-Shanfarā’s copies and copies of Lāmiyya commentaries. The writing by al-Shanfarā was subjected to extensive research by national, Western and Arab experts. Through analyzing the most well-known commentaries on Lāmiyyat al-arab, it is possible to evaluate exactly what features call the attention of scholars. In addition, copies of Lāmiyya commentaries stored in manuscript collections deserve an independent careful study and description.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121360391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Prospective Construction in Kla-Dan from a Diachronic Perspective 从历时性的角度看克拉旦语的远景建构

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2019.403

Nadezhda Makeeva

{"title":"Prospective Construction in Kla-Dan from a Diachronic Perspective","authors":"Nadezhda Makeeva","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2019.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2019.403","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the etymology and the evolution path of one of the two future tense constructions (the First Future construction) in Kla-Dan, a South Mande language. In order to propose a hypothesis on the origin of the construction and its semantic evolution, firstly, the data of other languages of the same subgroup are involved, and secondly, an analysis of the meaning of the First Future displaced to the past by a retrospective shift marker is provided. The First Future construction is reconstructed for the proto-language of the Dan-Mano-Goo-Tura subgroup. In Goo and Tura, it has the standard prospective meaning; in Mano and Dan-Gweta, the construction has extended its use towards the area of the futural meanings. Dan-Blo is the only language of the subgroup where the reflex of the prospective construction is absent; in this language, it has apparently been replaced by a new periphrastic prospective construction. In combination with the retrospective shift marker, the First Future construction in Kla-Dan has an avertive meaning and is also used in the two parts of irreal conditional constructions. This path of semantic evolution is typical for prospectives in the past. The First Future construction shares the semantic domain of the future with another construction which is also reconstructed for the Proto-Dan-Mano-Goo-Tura and has recently extended its use over a wide range of futural meanings. Based on the data of the closely related languages, this construction should be considered as progressive. From the synchronic point of view, no difference in meaning of the two future tense constructions of Kla-Dan can be found. At the same time the first construction, which is originally prospective can be considered as the main way to express the meaning of the future, whereas the Second Future construction is much less frequent and is only attested in elicited examples.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124150172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

African Countries in the Epoch of Information Globalization: New Challenges in the New Age 信息全球化时代的非洲国家:新时代的新挑战

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2019.411

K. Pantserev, G. Sidorova, N. Zherlitsina

{"title":"African Countries in the Epoch of Information Globalization: New Challenges in the New Age","authors":"K. Pantserev, G. Sidorova, N. Zherlitsina","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2019.411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2019.411","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring security of North and Central African countries in the age of informational globalization. Today there is a new up-and-coming social and economic order based on telecommunications. The central place in this new system of public relations belongs to information and communication technologies. One can observe the situation when the creation of the knowledge-based economy is turning into the main strategic priority of the policy of every country, which considers ICT as an effective tool, which can ensure a sustainable social and economic growth. But at the same time, it is necessary to keep in mind that information technologies, when used effectively, are able to destroy existing orders, to overthrow political regimes that used to be rather stable and influential. Based on case studies of North African countries, authors show key instruments that have been used in those countries in order to manage public opinion. Among those instruments authors highlight: 1) aiming for bad expectations which entails the notion of an impending disaster and mass depression; 2) substitution of definitions which supposes that in order to create positive images of the opposition that resist the governmental forces, Western mass media calls militants and terrorists “rebels”; 3) implementation of mass dissatisfaction which means the situation when popular bloggers or representatives of opposition movements begin to promote the dissatisfaction of legal power; 4) use of biased materials. In this way, authors conclude that the effective resistance in the information warfare strictly depends on the presence of a national idea on the one hand and on the level of the informational culture of the society on the other. The last point seems to be the key element that can guarantee the survival of the State, especially if it pretends to pursue self-reliant political line based on its national interests and cultural values.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"05 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130268426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Premodern Ideas “kokutai” as Essential Elements of Modernization in Japanese Historical Process “国台”是日本历史进程中近代化的基本要素

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2019.404

Takashi Kimura

{"title":"Premodern Ideas “kokutai” as Essential Elements of Modernization in Japanese Historical Process","authors":"Takashi Kimura","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2019.404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2019.404","url":null,"abstract":"Modernization in historically later developed countries is an amalgamated process, where all its elements must be analyzed both as a whole picture and as variety of its components. Early Japanese Marxists thinkers, scrutinizing political systems that emerged after the Meiji revolution, found traces of so-called “feudal remnants” in the public consciousness of people. These “remnants” still make modern researchers to question the role of the elements in Japanese modernization. Modernized state should be not only sovereign, but also be a nation state “kokumin kokka”, therefore it is worthwhile to look upon the prehistory of the creation of the first Japanese constitution “Dainipponn teikoku kenpoo” (1889), which reflected the national ideas “kokutai”. It is also necessary to analyze a number of socio-political reasons that entailed the issuance of an imperial decree addressed to the soldiers “gunjin chokuyu” (1882) and the imperial speech on public education “kyouiku chokugo” (1890). These documents along with the constitution contained the ideas of “kokutai”, which represented the element of the feudal world. Under the right conditions, a nation is born and develops on its own, but when the historical prerequisites and conditions do not form, it is necessary to create them artificially. At the end of the 19th century Japan faced the similar situation. In 1925, the Chian iji-ho Law of Public Peace Preservation was published, in its first article the word kokutai could be found, however it does not contain a definition of this term. In 1932 and in 1936, military putsches occurred, it should be noted that participants of these accidents were ardent supporters of the “kokutai” ideas. On August 14, 1945, the Japanese government conveyed the intention to adopt the Potsdam Declaration under one condition, namely the preservation of the “kokutai”, thereby they extended the existence of the kokutai ideas until the surrender of Japanese empire.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"251 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122148168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genres of the Oral Tradition of the Manden Peoples (West Africa) 曼登人口述传统的体裁(西非)

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2019.408

Olga Yu. Zavjalova

{"title":"Genres of the Oral Tradition of the Manden Peoples (West Africa)","authors":"Olga Yu. Zavjalova","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2019.408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2019.408","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the problem of the Manden oral literature genres’ classification. The first thing that we believe to be important in studying the cultural and psychological characteristics of any people and its folklore it is the task to put ourselves in the position of these people. We have to understand what they themselves conclude to be this or that institution or instrument, what they mean to be a particular concept. The main task is to examine the own definition of oral tradition genres by Manden peoples themselves; identifying what underlies the division of texts into genres. In this study, we relied on both oral and written sources; we examined the genres of Bamana, Maninka and Dyula peoples, inhabiting Mali, Guinea and Cote d’Ivoire. The division into genres accepted in modern science is too universal and it does not correspond to African cultures. First of all, the Manden peoples classify genres according to their degree of importance, i. e. significance for the tradition, which is associated with the functionality and genre’s ceremonialism. At the same time, it is the texts including a large amount of magical energy Nyama. As for Bamana and Maninka, where there is an institute of griots, the most significant texts are those that can only be performed by griots (epic, fasa), the age and status restrictions for the performer are an indicator of the text significance also. The most important texts are those that tell us about the origin of a clan, village, person, object, etc., and those that contain words with nyama magic energy. The article describes the words characterizing the genres of folklore in Bamana and Maninka languages, as well as Dyula Kong, and the specifics of their using. For a better understanding of the Manding terms, the article also presents the names of Dogon folklore genres in the Tengu and Bamana languages.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132356018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Image of the United Kingdom in Chinese History Textbooks of the 1930–1940s 20世纪30 - 40年代中国历史教科书中的英国形象

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies Pub Date : 2019-06-25 DOI: 10.21638/SPBU13.2019.209

Aleksandrs Dmitrenko

{"title":"The Image of the United Kingdom in Chinese History Textbooks of the 1930–1940s","authors":"Aleksandrs Dmitrenko","doi":"10.21638/SPBU13.2019.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/SPBU13.2019.209","url":null,"abstract":"The article represents an analysis of the image of the United Kingdom in Chinese textbooks of the 1930–1940s on the history of China and World history. A comparison of the image of the United Kingdom in Chinese history textbooks and World history textbooks will let us identify what kind of common image of this country was created in the minds of Chinese students of the 1930–1940s. The period covered in this paper includes the Nanking decade, when the Kuomindang implemented a more nationalist educational policy, and the period preceding the foundation of the PRC. There is a duality of the image of the United Kingdom in both the Chinese history textbooks and the World history textbooks. In the Chinese history textbooks the British are portrayed as quite “tenacious” people, who harbored hatred towards the Chinese because of their refusal to cooperate, and they are also portrayed as occupiers. On the other hand, the textbooks indicate, that the Chinese diplomatic policy was not always right and there were some domestic problems that contributed to development of conflicts, diplomatic defeats and lost of the wars. In the World history textbooks the United Kingdom is an imperialistic country; however, it is considered to be “the engine of progress”, the creator of constitutionalism and an advocate of human rights. While describing the United Kingdom as a distinguished Western European state, the textbooks do not create a holistic image of a concrete state, but rather an image of an “imperialistic power”, denouncing imperialism as a whole. Nevertheless, the authors indicate certain features that are typical of the United Kingdom, namely, the leading role in the process of globalization, in promotion of imperialism and technological and scientific progress. Having provided an overview of the Western countries the authors of the history textbooks primarly focus on China.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127566602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Global Economic Integration on Africa in the 21st Century 21世纪全球经济一体化对非洲的影响

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies Pub Date : 2019-06-25 DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2019.207

P. Adebayo, J. Onyekpe, A. Afolabi

{"title":"The Impact of Global Economic Integration on Africa in the 21st Century","authors":"P. Adebayo, J. Onyekpe, A. Afolabi","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2019.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2019.207","url":null,"abstract":"Has global economic integration in the 21 st century raised the hope of Africa beyond the traditional approach of providing aid to help her end poverty? Are there remarkable differences in the approaches of some regional economic blocs like BRICS, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and multilateral groups such as IMF, World Bank etc. towards Africa? What has been and should be the basis of bilateral or even, multilateral development relationships between these groups and Africa? To answer the questions, the study explores the philosophy behind the donor-recipient and equal partners’ approaches to development. It juxtaposes the depredatory effects of the socio-political and economic conditionality that the West has inflicted on Africa (ranging from integrated rural development in the 1970s, to policy reform in the 1980s, to governance in the 1990s, and respect for human rights in the 2000 (especially the gay rights movement and so on) and alternative models. The paper observes that the burden of foreign aid, loan agreement, economic and technical cooperation agreement, debt sustainability, etc. have deepened Africa’s vulnerability rather than brighten its prospects in a global market. By hinging its argument on the assumption that any global economic integration that imposes political and economic conditionality in exchange for aid is anti-development, this paper further submits that African countries should be free to negotiate their own pathway out of poverty as equal partners in development. Only by comparing and exchanging views, rather than tutorials, the more useful engagement between Africa and the rest of the world could become possible. It concludes that mutually–beneficial relations between Africa and economic cooperation blocs will become possible, but only if African governments can take hold of these opportunities in ways that will benefit their people. Africa governments should focus on win-win approach that is not about aid but business.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123879769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Family Gender Roles at the Beginning of 20th Century in Su Tong’s Novel “Wives and Concubines” 20世纪初苏童小说《妻妾》中的家庭性别角色

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies Pub Date : 2019-06-25 DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2019.205

A. Lobova

{"title":"Family Gender Roles at the Beginning of 20th Century in Su Tong’s Novel “Wives and Concubines”","authors":"A. Lobova","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2019.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2019.205","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is the examination the Su Tong’s novel “Wives and Concubines” as historical resource to study the position of women in the first quarter of the 20 th century in China. Literature can be accurate in assessing changes in mentality of a certain society. The process of the women’s role transformation is still one of the most complex and insufficiently studied topics. In the first part of the 20 th century, Xinhai Revolution overthrew the Qing Dynasty and China experienced a great influence of the Western culture. This era was also characterized by the rising movement for women’s rights. In the novel “Wives and Concubines”, Su Ting demonstrates the harsh reality of women from province, where the traditions, sexual policy, gender and class hierarchies were the means of women’s oppression. Within the narrative of novel, women are abused by the androcentric culture. In 1911, the revolution didn’t change the rules that govern the Chinese society. The strong perception of power-related norms in people’s ideology about marriage still persevered, traditional role of women was linked to family, thus limiting the career development and ambitions. Women were to be defined as obedient and dependent on support from their husbands, even if they sacrifice their own careers.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131843300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Jawaharlal Nehru, Le Corbusier and an Attempt to Construct the ‘Ideal City’ in South Asia 贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁、勒·柯布西耶与南亚“理想城市”建设的尝试

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies Pub Date : 2019-06-25 DOI: 10.21638/SPBU13.2019.208

Ekaterina Aloyants, I. Kotin

{"title":"Jawaharlal Nehru, Le Corbusier and an Attempt to Construct the ‘Ideal City’ in South Asia","authors":"Ekaterina Aloyants, I. Kotin","doi":"10.21638/SPBU13.2019.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/SPBU13.2019.208","url":null,"abstract":"In this article an attempt is made to sketch the history of Chandigarh as the new ideal city in India and the capital first of Punjab and later of Punjab and Haryana. The analysis of the personal role of India’s Prime-Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and world’s leading architect Le Corbusier in the construction of Chandigarh is made. It is argued by the authors that the role of Jawaharlal Nehru in the planning and construction of Chandigarh was vital for its success. The importance of Chandigarh as the ideal city and the pattern for construction of new cities in India is investigated. The good sides and the bad sides of Chandigarh are studied. The authors stress the importance of Jawaharlal Nehru’s role as the initiator of the construction and the person who chose first Meyer and Nowicky and later Le Corbusier as the main architects of the city. It was Le Corbusier who made Chandigarh famous. The authors argue that it was Chandigarh that helped Le Corbusier With the most ambitious plan of the construction of a new modern city, the ideal city and the city of the future. Political turmoil, however, put the ideal city of Chandigarh into the fire pan of dispute over it between the new states of Punjab and Haryana. The authors trace the origins and the main stages of the conflict and suggest their own solution of the ‘Chandigarh problem’.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128082494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0