贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁、勒·柯布西耶与南亚“理想城市”建设的尝试

Ekaterina Aloyants, I. Kotin
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摘要

在这篇文章中,试图勾勒出昌迪加尔作为印度新的理想城市的历史,首先是旁遮普的首都,后来是旁遮普和哈里亚纳邦的首都。分析了印度总理贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁和世界著名建筑师勒·柯布西耶在昌迪加尔建设中的个人作用。作者认为,贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁在昌迪加尔规划和建设中的作用对其成功至关重要。探讨了昌迪加尔作为印度理想城市的重要性和印度新城市建设的模式。研究了昌迪加尔的优点和缺点。作者强调了贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁作为建筑发起人的重要性,他首先选择了迈耶和诺维奇,后来选择了勒·柯布西耶作为城市的主要建筑师。是勒·柯布西耶让昌迪加尔出名的。作者认为,正是昌迪加尔帮助勒·柯布西耶制定了最雄心勃勃的建设新现代城市、理想城市和未来城市的计划。然而,政治动荡使理想城市昌迪加尔陷入了旁遮普邦和哈里亚纳邦之间的争议之中。作者追溯了冲突的起源和主要阶段,并提出了他们自己的“昌迪加尔问题”的解决方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Jawaharlal Nehru, Le Corbusier and an Attempt to Construct the ‘Ideal City’ in South Asia
In this article an attempt is made to sketch the history of Chandigarh as the new ideal city in India and the capital first of Punjab and later of Punjab and Haryana. The analysis of the personal role of India’s Prime-Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and world’s leading architect Le Corbusier in the construction of Chandigarh is made. It is argued by the authors that the role of Jawaharlal Nehru in the planning and construction of Chandigarh was vital for its success. The importance of Chandigarh as the ideal city and the pattern for construction of new cities in India is investigated. The good sides and the bad sides of Chandigarh are studied. The authors stress the importance of Jawaharlal Nehru’s role as the initiator of the construction and the person who chose first Meyer and Nowicky and later Le Corbusier as the main architects of the city. It was Le Corbusier who made Chandigarh famous. The authors argue that it was Chandigarh that helped Le Corbusier With the most ambitious plan of the construction of a new modern city, the ideal city and the city of the future. Political turmoil, however, put the ideal city of Chandigarh into the fire pan of dispute over it between the new states of Punjab and Haryana. The authors trace the origins and the main stages of the conflict and suggest their own solution of the ‘Chandigarh problem’.
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