TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research最新文献

{"title":"Reminiscing the past - A dive into the history of ophthalmology","authors":"S. Ramesh","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_123_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_123_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"103 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48472202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third cranial nerve palsy: An unusual presentation of cytarabine toxicity","authors":"Suchismita Mishra, Pradeep K Panigrahi, Y. Srija, P. Samal","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_23_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_23_22","url":null,"abstract":"A 62-year-old male presented with pupil-sparing third cranial nerve palsy. He was not a known case of diabetes mellitus or hypertension. The patient was on cytarabine as a part of treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). There was no other neurological finding. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast and magnetic resonance angiogram was normal. The major side effects of cytarabine are limited to the gastrointestinal system and bone marrow. While with high doses, cerebellar neurotoxicity is seen, peripheral neurotoxicity is relatively uncommon. This case report describes a unique case of peripheral neuropathy in the form of third cranial nerve palsy due to cytarabine toxicity and its management.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"120 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47508126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masquerade: Cattle tick bite over medial canthi","authors":"Arino John","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_3_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_3_23","url":null,"abstract":"Tick infestation of ocular tissues can present as masquerades and is quite uncommon. But it cannot be neglected in our part of the country as the majority of the population have domestic animals in their household. Tick bites can occur irrespective of age or gender and are usually presented late to the clinic and misdiagnosed often due to their appearance and site of infestation. In this case report, we present a case of a 57-year-old female who came to our outpatient clinic with complaints of severe pain and mild swelling of her left upper lid since 5 days. Under local anaesthesia, we found a tick biting the medial canthi region, the tick was removed using a plain non-toothed forceps and was identified as a tick of Ixodes species. The patient was advised oral doxycycline 200 mg single dose and topical moxifloxacin 0.5% 6 times a day to the left eye. She was followed up in subsequent weeks and she was doing well with no other complications.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of intraocular pressure (IOP) measured by schiotz indentation and goldmann applanation tonometer: A cross-sectional study","authors":"StutiV Juneja, Tanima Bansal, Isha Gandhi, Moninder Bhati","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_40_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_40_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This cross-sectional study was aimed to compare Schiotz indentation tonometer (ST) and Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) readings (in different ranges of IOP) in general population and also to determine the reliability of ST as a tool for mass screening of glaucoma. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 200 patients who attended the OPD of Ophthalmology in tertiary centre of central Gujarat. The selected population was subjected to detailed anterior segment examination, ocular fundus for optic nerve head and objective determination of IOP of two eyes of the patients. Results: In our study, both GAT and ST showed no statistical difference in IOP between males and females. IOP increased with age. There was no statistical difference between GAT and ST in measuring IOP in range of 7-15 mmHg but ST overestimated GAT in pressure range of 7-15 mmHg. ST underestimated GAT in pressure range of 16-25 mmHg, there was significant difference between GAT and ST in measuring IOP in range of 16-25 mmHg.ST underestimated GAT in IOP reading above 26 mm Hg. Conclusion: In glaucoma screening where we want to detect minor difference between the high normal and abnormal IOP, measurement with ST would be rendered ineffective and it is therefore wise to re-estimate the IOP with GAT and also repeat reading with different weights of ST. But ST being an affordable, easy to maintain, and portable instrument can be used as mass screening tool for glaucoma though at borderline tension between 17 to 23 mmHg it is wise to re-estimate IOP with GAT.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and central retinal artery occlusion – A rare presentation in Takayasu arteritis","authors":"VM Mano Aarthi, Akkayasamy Kowsalya, Mahesh Kumar","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_14_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_14_23","url":null,"abstract":"Arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is a common ophthalmic manifestation of giant cell arteritis in elderly patients. Central retinal artery occlusion and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy are relatively rare presentations in Takayasu arteritis. Our report describes a young Indian woman with Takayasu disease who presented with central retinal artery occlusion in one eye followed by anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in the fellow eye leading to bilateral loss of vision. Prompt initiation of corticosteroid therapy resulted in visual recovery.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of classification and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity: A review article","authors":"ParagK Shah, Sujay Jaju, Nikita Patil, Bhavika Gajra, Gorang Kumawat, Rafeeka Hashim, Prema Subramaniam","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_63_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_63_23","url":null,"abstract":"Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an ophthalmic condition found in premature infants, characterized by abnormal vascular growth in the retina. This article provides a comprehensive review of ROP, including its historical developments, classification systems, treatment modalities and emerging therapies. The pathophysiology of ROP involves the underdeveloped retinal blood vessels, which can lead to impaired retinal vascularization and subsequent complications. The classification of ROP is crucial for determining appropriate treatment approaches, and this review describes the various classification systems used to categorize the disease based on severity and retinal involvement. Treatment options for ROP have evolved over time. This article discusses the use of Vitamin E supplementation, cryotherapy and photocoagulation using lasers. The Early Treatment ROP Study (ETROP) is highlighted as a pivotal study that demonstrated the effectiveness of laser treatment in preventing retinal detachments. Furthermore, the use of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) agents is explored as a promising approach. In addition to established treatments, this review delves into emerging therapies and experimental approaches. It explores the potential use of erythropoietin, recombinant insulin-like growth factor-1, subcutaneous cyclic peptide antagonists, regulatory T cells and beta-adrenergic blockers. The article emphasizes the ongoing research efforts in these areas and their potential impact on future ROP management. In conclusion, this comprehensive review highlights the historical developments, classification systems, current treatment options and emerging therapies for ROP. Continued research and advancements in the field are necessary to optimize treatment strategies and mitigate the long-term effects of ROP.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136006281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmology related cerebral arterial circulation diseases with 3D images - A review","authors":"P. Ramesh, S. Ramesh, Prajnya Ray, A. Devadas, M. Ramesh, R. Rajasekaran","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_17_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_17_22","url":null,"abstract":"Vascular brain damage can manifest as various ophthalmic pathologies. It is important to understand cerebral circulation to understand the aetiopathogenesis of the disease. It can manifest as various ocular pathologies with visual field defects, cranial nerve palsies, orbital diseases, etc. In this review, with the help of three-dimensional (3D) images, various ophthalmology-related cerebrovascular diseases, their diagnostic methods and their treatment modalities are explained in detail for neophytes.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"6 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48854796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of istent inject: A novel MIGS device in India","authors":"Sahebaan Sethi","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_119_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_119_22","url":null,"abstract":"Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) is a new ab-interno surgical procedure that aims to effectively and safely lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in open angle glaucoma (OAG). It has far less complications and recovery time compared to the traditional filtration surgeries. iStent inject is a second-generation device that allows placement of two stents in the trabecular meshwork through a single injector, thereby facilitating the reduction in IOP compared to first generation iStent that was a single stent. It works by bypassing the trabecular meshwork, which is the commonest site of outflow obstruction, to re-establish communication of aqueous humor directly with the Schlemm's canal. It is the smallest stent approved to be placed inside the human body. This review compiles publications about iStent inject highlighting its clinical efficacy as standalone procedure and with phacoemulsification, safety and cost effectiveness. This device was found to be effective and safe in the management of OAG.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"26 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45601868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and reproducibility of intraocular pressure measurements using the Goldmann applanation tonometry in glaucoma suspects","authors":"Durgesh Shukla, Harshita Dubey, DevendraKumar Shakya, Divya Rana","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_61_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_61_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aimed to examine the intra-observer reliability of three ophthalmologists who measured intraocular pressure (IOP) using the Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and the inter-observer variability among them during three visits of glaucoma suspects. Methods: This prospective observational study evaluated the reliability and consistency of the IOP measurements made by three trained observers using the GAT. The three observers recorded IOP readings for 100 patients during three visits; both the right and left eyes of the patients were examined during these visits. Each observer calculated inter-observer and intra-observer variation as intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). To determine the reliability, Cronbach’s alpha was calculated. A P value of <0.05 was considered significant. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS-22). Results: A total of 1,800 IOP readings were taken by three observers (600 IOP readings by each). In regard to the calculated values, Cronbach’s alpha for each pair was found to be above 0.9. For the assessment of intra- and inter-observer variability, the calculated value of the ICC for each pair was >0.9, and the overall ICC was also >0.9. The results showed excellent inter- and intra-observer reliability for the observers. Conclusion: The IOP values measured using the GAT were found to have significant intra- and inter-observer reliability. This demonstrates that ophthalmologists can perform valid and reliable IOP assessments. This also indicates the importance of careful and proper training of observers in measuring IOP using the GAT and the standardisation of criteria for early detection of glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation formulae in paediatric cataract: A prospective study","authors":"SandraC Ganesh, R Sreelakshmi, ShilpaG Rao, MuraliKrishnan Srinivasan, Kalpana Narendran, Joshua Ehrlich, SMohammed Sithiq Uduman","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_50_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_50_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate the accuracy of four intraocular lens (IOL) prediction formulae (Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, SRK/T and Barrett Universal II) in paediatric cataract. Methods: A prospective study was conducted among all children under 15 years of age, undergoing uncomplicated cataract surgery with in-the-bag IOL implantation at a tertiary care centre. Following detailed evaluation and after obtaining informed consent, the children underwent surgery and the IOL was implanted as per a modification of Wilson and Trivedi recommendation. Prediction error (PE) and absolute prediction error (APE) were computed with each of the formulae, and it was compared across the various subgroups of age (<2 years, 2–4.9 years, 5–7.9 years, 8–10.9 years, 11–15 years) and axial length. Results: One hundred and fifty-nine eyes of 106 children were evaluated; mean age of study population was 5.26 (SD 3.48) years. Forty-nine children had unilateral cataracts, while 57 had bilateral congenital cataracts. Eighty-three (52.2%) of the operated eyes were right, and 76 (47.8%) were left. Overall value of PE was the least with Barrett II formula, which was statistically significant (P < 0.001), by non-parametric Friedman test. No significant difference was found among the formulae (P = 0.109), when APE was compared. Age group analysis shows least PE with Barrett II (P = 0.005) for <2 years age group, Barrett II and Hoffer Q (P = 0.001) in 2–4.9 years and Holladay I (P = 0.001) in 5–7.9 years groups. In terms of axial length, mean PE was least with Barrett II (P = 0.014) in axial length 18–19.9 mm, Hoffer Q (<0.001) in axial lengths 20–21.99 mm and with SRK/T (P < 0.001) in eyes from 22-23.99 mm and >24 mm. The PE of Holladay I (rho = -0.16, P value = 0.044) and Barrett II (rho = -0.16, P value = 0.046) formula was negatively correlated with age, while no correlation was found between PEs of any formula with AL. Conclusion: Barrett II and Hoffer Q formulae appear to provide the most accurate results in the younger age groups, with shorter eyes. Further prospective studies on larger samples of younger children with longer follow-ups are required, to explore the applications of Barrett II formula in the younger age group.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}