TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research最新文献

{"title":"Peeping through the holes: An interesting course of tubercular uveitis","authors":"Priyanka Gupta, Anupriya Aggarwal, Akriti Sehgal","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_27_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_27_23","url":null,"abstract":"CASE HISTORY A 30-year-old female presented with diminished vision in her right eye. Her best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 6/60 OD (Right eye) and 6/6 OS (Left eye). She was on antitubercular therapy for pulmonary Kochs. Her diagnosis was established by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture and typical computed tomography findings. Right eye examination revealed anterior chamber (AC) reaction +2, Koeppe’s and Busaca’s nodules, along with multiple posterior synechiae, characteristic festooned pupil on attempted dilatation, immature cataract, and grade 2 vitritis. The left eye was unremarkable. Her detailed history was elicited and systemic examination was done to rule out viral and other causes of uveitis. She was put on topical and systemic steroids along with cycloplegics, in addition to her antitubercular therapy. The patient was lost to follow-up. However, she presented 3 months later with quiet AC and multiple, well-defined, irregular but concentric transillumination defects in iris, caused by iris pigment epithelium degeneration and thinning of stroma [Figure 1].Figure 1: Slit lamp image in (a) acute uveitis phase with iris nodules (b) resolved phase with multiple transillumination defectsIris atrophic patches have been seen in Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis, Fuchs uveitic syndrome, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, pigment dispersion syndrome, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, and trauma.[1] Such transillumination defects in tubercular uveitis are rare and, however, have been occasionally reported.[2] Here, we present this unique case of tubercular uveitis which responded well to antitubercular therapy and steroids, resulting in resolution of inflammation, but leaving behind patches of iris atrophy. Declaration of patient consent The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form, the patient(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for his/her/their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patients understand that their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pedstrab crossword and OSCE","authors":"HennaavKaur Dhillon, Abinaya Valliappan","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_58_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_58_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optic Disc Melanocytoma – A Perfect Image","authors":"S. Tagare, Basitali Lakhani","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_6_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_6_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"142 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43996162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards COVID - 19 among Patients Visiting Ophthalmology OPD for Admissions and Surgery during COVID - 19 in a Tertiary Care Centre","authors":"H. Kumar, N. Apoorva, B. Rachana, J. Anitha, M. Manasa, Sahana Shankar","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_61_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_61_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: On 11 March, 2020, World Health Organisation (WHO) declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) a pandemic disease, and by 26 March, 2020, COVID-19 had spread to nearly 199 countries and homes worldwide. Cases substantially present with fever, dry cough and breathing difficulty. As a result of the pandemic, a number of cases visiting the hospital for non-COVID-19 diseases was drastically reduced and only emergencies were seen in our hospital. Inpatient admissions were also reduced and surgical procedures were reduced. The cost of ocular surgeries was escalated to adhere to the guidelines issued by authorities, for the safety of patients and staff. Majority of ocular surgeries are elective, and national programmes conducting cataract camps were completely stopped since cataract surgeries are elective. Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the patients visiting ophthalmology OPD towards COVID-19 and ocular surgery. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional non-interventional questionnaire-based study was conducted among patients visiting ophthalmology OPD. Results: The study included 100 patients of which 54% were males and 46% were females. A total of 38% were above the age of 50 years and literates consisted of 60%. The main ocular symptom was defective vision (43%). Furthermore, 98% were aware of COVID-19. Internet/media (48%) was the major source of knowledge. In addition, 80% were aware of the cause and mode of spread, 40% were willing to undergo eye surgery and 75% agreed with government lockdown measures and were ready to take the vaccine to prevent COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: The study suggests that the population demonstrated decent knowledge, appropriate practice and a positive attitude towards COVID-19 at the time of its outbreak.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"85 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48274660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of live interactive vs. pre-recorded surgical video demonstration as a teaching methodology for cataract surgery among undergraduates","authors":"Jisha Kamalakshy, Natasha Krishnankutty, Gino Abraham, S. Shenoy","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_69_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_69_22","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Cataract surgery, being a microsurgical procedure can be taught in an operation theatre with a live display of surgery on a monitor. Recorded videos of surgeries can also be utilized for teaching even in a classroom. The present study compared these two methods of teaching in the acquisition of knowledge by the students and their perception towards the teaching methods. Materials and Methods: Seventy MBBS students attending ophthalmology postings were included in the study. They were randomly allocated into two groups and each group was exposed to one type of teaching method. The knowledge acquired was assessed by using a multiple-choice question paper containing 20 questions. Cross-over exposure to the teaching method was given. Their perception of both teaching methods was assessed by using a validated questionnaire with answers on a 5-point Likert score scale. Results: The mean marks obtained were 16.26 ± 2.174 after attending the teaching method in the operation theatre and 17.03 ± 1.740 after the classroom session (p = 0.106). The total perception score obtained for the teaching method in operation theatre had a median value of 44 in comparison to the median score of 40 in classroom teaching (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The knowledge achieved from the teaching method of live interactive display of cataract surgery undertaken in operation theatre was comparable to the teaching method using pre-recorded video display in the classroom. Students had a better perception towards the teaching method in the operation theatre.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"71 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48962708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A clinico-haematologic study of diabetic retinopathy","authors":"Anbuselvi Thirunavukkarasu, Senthilkumar Mani","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_33_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_33_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Early diagnosis and management of diabetic retinopathy shall prevent avoidable blindness due to diabetes. Ophthalmoscopic screening of all diabetics in the community is effective but difficult due to high prevalence of diabetics. A simple, common blood test to predict the development of diabetic retinopathy will be a boon to the community. Aims: To correlate the haematological parameters with diabetic retinopathy and to assess whether these parameters can be a diagnostic biomarker. Materials and Methods: An observational, analytic, case control study was conducted from 1st May 2022 to 31st October 2022 for a period of six months. Age and sex matched 57 type-2 diabetic cases with retinopathy, and 57 type-2 diabetic controls without retinopathy were analysed clinically and haematologically using SPSS trial version 29. Results: Clinical analysis revealed longer duration of diabetes, higher fasting and postprandial blood sugar, insulin treatment and associated hypertension had strong association with diabetic retinopathy with P values <0.001, <0.001, 0.004, 0.024 and 0.026, respectively. Haematological analysis revealed higher mean values of mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), red cell distribution width (RDW) and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in diabetic patients with retinopathy (P values <0.001 for all), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (P values <0.001, <0,001, <0.001, 0.056, <0.001) and diabetic retinopathy with macular oedema (P values < 0.001, 0.052, 0.004, 0.167, 0.002), respectively. Conclusions: A simple, cost-effective single blood test, namely complete blood count (CBC) analysis, provides reliable predictive diagnostic biomarker for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Great masquerader in Pandora's box: A case of orbital TB","authors":"Venipriya Sigamani, Suriya Djeamourthy, Renuka Srinivasan, HannahR W Prasanth","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_134_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_134_22","url":null,"abstract":"Orbital tuberculosis is rare, even in endemic areas. A 45-year-old male diabetic presented with drooping of the right eyelid and facial pain for one month. He was diagnosed with Tolosa–Hunt syndrome elsewhere and treated with systemic steroids with poor response. He was diagnosed with right anterior cavernous syndrome with possible etiologies of Tolosa–Hunt syndrome, tuberculosis, meningioma, and sarcoid. GeneXpert for tuberculosis from the sputum sample was positive. On magnetic resonance imaging brain, a small 7-8 mm extra enhancing lesion was noted in the right cavernous sinus. Biopsy could not be done due to the site of the lesion which was technically difficult and dangerous. We started the patient on antituberculous therapy and steroids after consulting the physician; within 1 week there was a drastic improvement in ptosis and ophthalmoplegia.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of uveitis in a tertiary eye care hospital in hilly area of North India","authors":"S. Ojha, Reena K Sharma, N. Jain, Vaibhav Jain","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_65_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_65_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Pattern of uveitis in a tertiary eye care centre in Hilly area of North India. Materials and Methods: All new cases of uveitis seen in Out Patient Department (OPD) and In Patient Department (IPD) of department of Ophthalmology from June 2017 to May 2019 were consecutively enrolled in the study. After taking a complete history of systemic and ocular diseases, all patients underwent a thorough ophthalmic examination including determination of Snellen visual acuity, slit lamp biomicroscopy, applanation tonometry and dilated posterior segment examination. Patients were classified according to International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG) definitions. Results: A total of 89 patients diagnosed with uveitis with mean age of onset 35 ± 15.16 years. Male patients were 47 (52.80%) with mean age of 32 ± 15.56, and female patients were 42 (47.19%) with mean age of 38 ± 15.05. Follow-up duration varied from 4 months to 18 months. Uveitis was unilateral in 78 patients (87.64%) and bilateral in 11 patients (12.36%). The clinical course acute in 42 patients (47.19%) and chronic in 47 patients (52.81%). The uveitis was granulomatous in 12 patients (13.48%) and non-granulomatous in 77 patients (86.51%) . Anterior uveitis (iritis and iridocyclitis) was most common type of inflammation (41 patients, 46.07%), followed by (Retinitis or Retinochoroiditis) posterior uveitis (23 patients, 25.84%), panuveitis (13 patients, 14.61%) and least common intermediate uveitis (12 patients, 13.48%). HLA-B27 negative was most common type of anterior uveitis (20 patients, 22.47%) . In cases of posterior uveitis, panuveitis and intermediate uveitis (Cyclitis), idiopathic uveitis was most common. Uveitis was infectious in 10 patients (11.24%), non-infectious in 78 patients (87.64%). Hence, non-granulomatous and non-infectious uveitis was most common. In intermediate uveitis, all cases were idiopathic. Uveitis with diagnosis was herpetic (five cases), toxoplasma (two cases), tuberculosis (two cases) and HIV-associated uveitis in one case. Uveitis with specific ocular disease most common was serpiginous choroiditis (four cases), Fuchs' heterochromatic uveitis (FHU) (three cases), VKH (two cases) and sympathetic ophthalmitis (two cases). Uveitis with systemic disease non-specific arthropathy (six cases) is followed by ankylosing spondylitis (two cases), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (one case), inflammatory bowel disease (one case), sarcoidosis (one case) and systemic lupus erythromatosus (SLE one case). Conclusion: The most common uveitis in hilly area of North India is anterior uveitis. The most common aetiology is idiopathic in all types of uveitis.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"98 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44928876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third nerve palsy as a presenting feature of neurofibromatosis 2 – A case report","authors":"H. Dhillon, M. Muthumalai, D. Priyadarshini","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_12_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_12_22","url":null,"abstract":"Neurofibromatosis 2 is an inheritable disorder characterized by bilateral vestibular nerve schwannomas. The usual presentation of such patients is hearing loss and difficulties with balancing. However, we report a case of a 20-year-old female presenting with a long-standing 3rd nerve palsy without any hearing disturbances. Although it is a rare presentation, neuroimaging must be performed in all cases of nerve palsies to rule out any CNS manifestations. Management in such conditions should be multidisciplinary especially under the leadership of a neurologist as the cardinal complications are central.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"129 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43972174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral crowning of lens equator with secondary angle closure glaucoma in a middle-aged female with microspherophakia","authors":"V. Senthilkumar, Niyati Gandhi","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_85_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_85_22","url":null,"abstract":"Microspherophakia is a rare congenital anomaly characterised by an increased anteroposterior thickness of the lens associated with a reduced equatorial diameter. The primary pathology lies in the development of zonules. Glaucoma is a serious complication associated with this disorder. We report a rare instance of bilateral crowning of the lens equator with secondary angle closure glaucoma in a middle-aged female with microspherophakia.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"138 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46883788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}