TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of risk factors and assessment of socio-demographic factors affecting retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care centre of central India","authors":"Rakshit Agrawal, Vijay Bhaisare","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_9_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_9_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Retinopathy of prematurity is a multifactorial vasoproliferative disease whose incidence increases with a decrease in gestational age. It is characterized by the development of abnormal blood vessels in the premature infant’s developing retina due to incomplete vascularization of the retinal tissue brought on by hyperoxia, which also causes endothelial cell death and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) downregulation. We targeted to study the Risk factors and assess the socio-demographic factors affecting retinopathy of prematurity in the population of central India. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in A tertiary care eye center in central India from March 2020 to March 2021. The Institutional Review Board approved the study, and informed consent was obtained from all the subjects’ parents before participating. Some of the consents were taken in the local language to ensure validity. The patients’ parents were free to withdraw from the study and were assured that their withdrawal would not affect the quality of the care provided to their children. Patients (infants) with a history of preterm birth come to the outpatient. Results: The most prevalent risk factor associated with ROP in our study was Prolonged exposure to Oxygen (>7 days), followed by sepsis and RDS. The risk factors that showed a statistically significant association with ROP were Prolonged Oxygen exposure, RDS, Sepsis, Fungal sepsis, and IUGR. Twin birth, Anemia, Blood Transfusion, Neonatal Jaundice, Phototherapy, and ABO Incompatibility were also associated with ROP, but the association was not statistically significant. (P > 0.05). In our study, among the preterms who had ROP, male children accounted for 46.4%, while females were 53.4%. The association between the gender of the neonate and the occurrence of ROP was found to be non-significant. (P > 0.05). In our study, among the preterms who had ROP, male children accounted for 46.4%, while females were 53.4%. The association between the gender of the neonate and the occurrence of ROP was found to be non-significant. (P > 0.05). Most of the neonates with ROP in our study were of the gestational age of 29-32 weeks. (48.9%) The association between the child’s gestational age and the occurrence of ROP was found to be statistically significant. (P = 0.001, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of ROP has been on the rise over the years due to the advancements and improvements in the management of preterm neonates in the NICU which have drastically improved the survival of these high-risk neonates which earlier often succumbed to various complications related to premature birth. This has presented as a challenging and uphill task to screen, diagnose and treat neonates who are at risk and develop Retinopathy of Prematurity so that ROP-related blindness can be prevented.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medico-legal aspects in ophthalmology in India","authors":"Mohana Sinnasamy, Murali Ariga, NirmalThomas Fredrick, VG Madanagopalan, V Subashini, Tarun Murali","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_77_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_77_23","url":null,"abstract":"The practice of ophthalmology has advanced exponentially due to technology. This has raised the bar of medical care from acceptable visual acuity to the highest precision in acuity. In such an era, it is the need of the hour to be aware of the medico-legal implications in ophthalmology to avert any lawsuits. Lawsuits can be due to breach of confidentiality, inadequate consent, negligence, unmet expectations in a procedure, etc. The majority of lawsuits are related to cataract and corneal surgeries, but the instances of lawsuits related to retinal conditions are on the rise, especially those related to screening of Retinopathy of prematurity resulting in huge sums of compensations. The awareness of regulations can guide the healthcare professionals in such instances. These include the knowledge of laws governing every step of practice and the rights of both healthcare professionals and patients. In addition, clear communication regarding the risks, benefits, and outcomes of the procedure, strict adherence to guidelines, and meticulous documentation are effective tools to avoid litigations. This review article aims to describe various regulations governing the practice of ophthalmology, implications in everyday practice, and steps to safeguard against lawsuits.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136004710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The momentary deposits behind the phakic intraocular lens: The rationale!","authors":"V. Anitha, M. Ravindran, Aditya Ghorpade","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_68_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_68_22","url":null,"abstract":"To report a unique case of spontaneous resolution of momentary, non-inflammatory phakic intraocular lens implantation (pIOL) deposits, in a 24-year-old female underwent phakic IOL implantation in both eyes for high myopia. Surprisingly, multiple, whitish, refractile, non-inflammatory deposits were noted in the immediate postoperative period on the posterior surface of the pIOL in the right eye. A quick recap of surgical steps identified the rationale for the lens deposits, circumventing similar incident in the fellow eye.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"126 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48078864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatric injury- A case report","authors":"V. Maneksha, Kavya Setty, Naveena Saseendran","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_21_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_21_22","url":null,"abstract":"Ocular trauma is the leading cause of monocular blindness among children.Paediatric ocular trauma has a significant impact on the future quality of life of children. Here, we report a case of a 3 year old child who presented with swelling in upper lid following fall from bed. The symptoms got worse the next day. On repeated probing, grandmother gave a history of child holding pen when the fall occurred. Computerized tomography of orbit was done and it showed an intra orbital foreign body. Anterior orbitotomy was done under general anesthesia and foreign body was removed. Patient recovered with excellent visual prognosis. This report highlights importance of history taking, high suspicion of intra orbital foreign body, and need for imaging whenever indicated.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"108 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43055560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute anterior non-granulomatous uveitis in COVID-19—A case series","authors":"Priyadarshini Parthasarathi, S. Sankar, Suriya Djeamoorthy, H. Prasanth","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_57_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_57_22","url":null,"abstract":"We present a series of three covid positive cases of ages 7, 31, and 53 years, respectively. Among them, one patient had active symptoms of COVID-19, and two patients were in a recovery phase. All three cases presented to ophthalmology out patient department (OPD) with complaints of redness and pain. One of the cases had bilateral involvement, while the other two had unilateral involvement. On ocular examination, all three patients had BCVA 6/6 in both eyes. The anterior segment revealed circumcorneal congestion with moderate anterior chamber reaction. The rest of the anterior segment and fundus were within normal limits. Patients were started on topical steroids and improved symptomatically. Ophthalmic manifestations can develop at any stage of COVID-19 disease, conjunctivitis being the most common feature. Uveitis is a rarely documented manifestation, and ophthalmologists should be aware of this manifestation.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"115 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44342545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of retinal nerve fiber layer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"R. Kapoor, G. Kaur, N. Batra","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_64_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_64_22","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: (1) To assess the Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). (2) To assess the correlation of RNFL thickness with duration of DM and HbA1c levels. Methods: The study included 200 patients divided into three groups. Group A included 50 patients with type 2 DM without diabetic retinopathy (DR), group B included 50 patients with type 2 DM with mild to moderate NPDR, and group C included 100 age- and gender-matched controls. The duration of DM and HbA1c values were recorded. Optical coherence tomography scanning was performed, and the RNFL thickness was obtained. Results: The thickness of RNFL was less among diabetics than non-diabetics for the whole of the optic disc as well as for every quadrant except nasal quadrant. This difference was statistically significant only in the inferior quadrant (p = 0.035). The correlation coefficient between RNFL thickness of the whole of the optic disc and duration of DM and HbA1c level was -0.139 and 0.114, respectively. Conclusion: We conclude that the RNFL thickness is reduced in diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic subjects. This may be beneficial for diabetic patients for early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy irrespective of duration of DM or HbA1c levels.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"90 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43294263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myopia management: What we know till now","authors":"Smita Kapoor, Rajesh Prabu, Swarna Udayakumar","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_62_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_62_23","url":null,"abstract":"Myopia is increasing across the world and is a serious health problem today. Environmental and genetic factors have been implicated in myopia progression. Research has been done on pharmacological and optical treatments and many options are now available. The final choice of treatment should be made after a discussion with the parents and their child, keeping in mind that the treatment may need to be taken for a couple of years.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete clinical spectrum of melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome with bilateral temporal optic disc pallor – A case report","authors":"Henal Javeri, Dipankar Das, Shahinur Tayab, Gayatri Bharali, H. Bhattacharjee, Suklengmung Buragohain","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_134_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_134_20","url":null,"abstract":"Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is a very rare neuro-mucocutaneous disease, the aetiology of which is not well defined. It is classically characterised by recurring facial paralysis, swelling of face, lips and presence of a furrowed tongue. The presentation is usually oligosymtomatic, with only about one-fourth of cases showing the classical triad. Here, we present a 32-year-old female with MRS, showing the complete clinical triad of symptoms. We report for the first time, an association of MRS with bilateral optic nerve involvement. A standard criterion for diagnosis and management is lacking. It is important to increase awareness of such a rare syndrome with various associated manifestations, so that it can be accurately identified and treated.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"123 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43880978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular injuries due to shuttlecock: A case series","authors":"Debolina Deb, L. Daniel","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_67_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_67_22","url":null,"abstract":"For decades badminton has been a leisure sport, with a majority of players being non-professional players and playing without protective eyewear. We report a retrospective case series of three patients who presented at a suburban eye clinic in south India with various ocular signs post injury while playing with shuttlecock. On a detailed slit-lamp examination, anterior uveitis, bilateral angle recession, commotio retinae, and retinal hole were the varied presentations. Early diagnosis, prompt treatment and long-term follow-up is important in these patients especially in the event of angle recession and retinal pathologies post shuttlecock injury. We recommend strict sports regulations to implement wearing of protective eyewear while playing the sport.","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"111 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42698677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New age cost-effective teleophthalmology with innovative frugal ophthalmic imaging - Anterior segment photography with intraocular lens (ASPI) and trash to treasure retcam (T3R)","authors":"P. Ramesh, P. Chandrakanth, S. Ramesh, A. Devadas, Prajnya Ray, K. Chandrakanth, M. Ramesh, R. Rajasekaran","doi":"10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_109_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_109_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34180,"journal":{"name":"TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"147 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44306317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}