AAS Open Research最新文献

{"title":"Use of a mutation-specific genotyping method to assess for HIV-1 drug resistance in antiretroviral-naïve HIV-1 Subtype C-infected patients in Botswana.","authors":"Dorcas Maruapula, Iain J MacLeod, Sikhulile Moyo, Rosemary Musonda, Kaelo Seatla, Kesaobaka Molebatsi, Melvin Leteane, Max Essex, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Christopher F Rowley","doi":"10.12688/aasopenres.13107.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/aasopenres.13107.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> HIV-1 drug resistance poses a major threat to the success of antiretroviral therapy. The high costs of available HIV drug resistance assays prohibit their routine usage in resource-limited settings. Pan-degenerate amplification and adaptation (PANDAA), a focused genotyping approach based on quantitative PCR (qPCR), promises a fast and cost-effective way to detect HIV drug resistance mutations (HIVDRMs).  Given the high cost of current genotyping methods, we sought to use PANDAA for screening key HIVDRMs in antiretroviral-naïve individuals at codons 103, 106 and 184 of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase gene. Mutations selected at these positions have been shown to be the most common driver mutations in treatment failure.  <b>Methods:</b> A total of 103 samples from antiretroviral-naïve individuals previously genotyped by Sanger population sequencing were used to assess and verify the performance of PANDAA. PANDAA samples were run on the ABI 7500 Sequence Detection System to genotype the K103N, V106M and M184V HIVDRMs. In addition, the cost per sample and reaction times were compared. <b>Results:</b> Sanger population sequencing and PANDAA detected K103N mutation in three (2.9%) out of 103 participants.  There was no evidence of baseline V106M and M184V mutations observed in our study. To genotype the six HIVDRMs it costs approximately 40 USD using PANDAA, while the reagents cost per test for Sanger population sequencing is approximately 100 USD per sample. PANDAA was performed quicker compared to Sanger sequencing, 2 hours for PANDAA versus 15 hours for Sanger sequencing. <b>Conclusion:</b> The performance of PANDAA and Sanger population sequencing demonstrated complete concordance. PANDAA could improve patient management by providing quick and relatively cheap access to drug-resistance information.</p>","PeriodicalId":34179,"journal":{"name":"AAS Open Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8112461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66396846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kenya's response to the COVID-19 pandemic: a balance between minimising morbidity and adverse economic impact.","authors":"Edwin N Wangari, Peter Gichuki, Angelyne A Abuor, Jacqueline Wambui, Stephen O Okeyo, Henry T N Oyatsi, Shadrack Odikara, Benard W Kulohoma","doi":"10.12688/aasopenres.13156.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/aasopenres.13156.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has ravaged the world's socioeconomic systems forcing many governments across the globe to implement unprecedented stringent mitigation measures to restrain its rapid spread and adverse effects. A disproportionate number of COVID-19 related morbidities and mortalities were predicted to occur in Africa. However, Africa still has a lower than predicted number of cases, 4% of the global pandemic burden. In this open letter, we highlight some of the early stringent countermeasures implemented in Kenya, a sub-Saharan African country, to avert the severe effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. These mitigation measures strike a balance between minimising COVID-19 associated morbidity and fatalities and its adverse economic impact, and taken together have significantly dampened the pandemic's impact on Kenya's populace.</p>","PeriodicalId":34179,"journal":{"name":"AAS Open Research","volume":" ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7921885.2/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25584013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community engagement and feedback of results in the H3Africa AWI-Gen project: Experiences from the Navrongo Demographic and Health Surveillance site in Northern Ghana.","authors":"Godfred Agongo,&nbsp;Cornelius Debpuur,&nbsp;Lucas Amenga-Etego,&nbsp;Engelbert A Nonterah,&nbsp;Michael B Kaburise,&nbsp;Abraham Oduro,&nbsp;Michele Ramsay,&nbsp;Paulina Tindana","doi":"10.12688/aasopenres.13081.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.13081.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community and Public engagement (CE) have gained traction as an ethical best practice for the conduct of genomics research, particularly in the context of Africa. In the past 10 years, there has been growing scholarship on the value and practice of engaging key stakeholders including communities involved in genomics research. However, not much has been documented on how research teams, particularly in international collaborative research projects, are navigating the complex process of engagement including the return of key research findings. This paper is part of a series of papers describing the CE processes used in the AWI-Gen study sites. We describe the key processes of engagement, challenges encountered and the major lessons learned. We pay particular attention to the experiences in returning research results to participants and communities within the Demographic and Health Surveillance site in northern Ghana.</p>","PeriodicalId":34179,"journal":{"name":"AAS Open Research","volume":" ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8063542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38958576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research priorities in maternal and neonatal health in Africa: results using the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative method involving over 900 experts across the continent.","authors":"Moses Alobo,&nbsp;Charles Mgone,&nbsp;Joy Lawn,&nbsp;Colette Adhiambo,&nbsp;Kerri Wazny,&nbsp;Chinyere Ezeaka,&nbsp;Elizabeth Molyneux,&nbsp;Marleen Temmerman,&nbsp;Pius Okong,&nbsp;Address Malata,&nbsp;Thomas Kariuki","doi":"10.12688/aasopenres.13189.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/aasopenres.13189.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Africa will miss the maternal and neonatal health (MNH) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets if the current trajectory is followed. The African Academy of Sciences has formed an expert maternal and newborn health group to discuss actions to improve MNH SDG targets. The team, among other recommendations, chose to implement an MNH research prioritization exercise for Africa covering four grand challenge areas. <b>Methods: </b>The team used the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) research prioritization method to identify research priorities in maternal and newborn health in Africa. From 609 research options, a ranking of the top 46 research questions was achieved. Research priority scores and agreement statistics were calculated, with sub-analysis possible for the regions of East Africa, West Africa and those living out of the continent.  <b>Results:</b> The top research priorities generally fell into (i) improving identification of high-risk mothers and newborns, or diagnosis of high-risk conditions in mothers and newborns to improve health outcomes; (ii) improving access to treatment through improving incentives to attract and retain skilled health workers in remote, rural areas, improving emergency transport, and assessing health systems' readiness; and (iii) improving uptake of proven existing interventions such as Kangaroo Mother Care. <b>Conclusions:</b> The research priorities emphasized building interventions that improved access to quality healthcare in the lowest possible units of the provision of MNH interventions. The lists prioritized participation of communities in delivering MNH interventions. The current burden of disease from MNCH in Africa aligns well with the list of priorities listed from this exercise but provides extra insights into current needs by African practitioners. The MNCH Africa expert group believes that the recommendations from this work should be implemented by multisectoral teams as soon as possible to provide adequate lead time for results of the succeeding programmes to be seen before 2030.</p>","PeriodicalId":34179,"journal":{"name":"AAS Open Research","volume":" ","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39251310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutionalizing research capacity strengthening in LMICs: A systematic review and meta-synthesis.","authors":"Marta Vicente-Crespo, Ojo Agunbiade, John Eyers, Margaret Thorogood, Sharon Fonn","doi":"10.12688/aasopenres.13116.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/aasopenres.13116.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Evidence on effective strategies to ensure sustainability of research capacity strengthening interventions in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) institutions is lacking. This systematic review identified publications describing research capacity building programs and noted their effect, their contexts, and the mechanisms, processes and social actors employed in them. <b>Methods</b>: We searched online databases for the period 2011-2018. Inclusion criteria were that the publications 1) described the intervention; 2) were implemented in LMICs; 3) were based in, or relevant to, university staff or post docs; 4) aimed to improve research capacity; 5) aimed to effect change at the institutional level. Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts and full text in consecutive rounds, a third resolved disagreements. Two people extracted the data of each full text using a data extraction tool covering data relevant to our question. <b>Results</b>: In total 4052 citations were identified and 19 papers were included, which referred to 14 interventions. Only three interventions mentioned using a conceptual framework to develop their approach and none described using a theory of change to assess outcomes. The most frequent inputs described were some method of formal training, promotion of a research-conducive environment and establishment of research support systems. A range of outcomes were reported, most frequently an increased number of publications and proportion of staff with PhDs. When factors of success were discussed, this was attributed to a rigorous approach to implementation, adequate funding, and local buy-in. Those who mentioned sustainability linked it to availability of funds and local buy-in. The lack of a common lexicon and a framework against which to report outcomes made comparison between initiatives difficult. <b>Conclusions</b>: The reduced number of interventions that met the inclusion criteria suggests that programs should be well-described, evaluated systematically, and findings published so that the research capacity strengthening community can extract important lessons.</p>","PeriodicalId":34179,"journal":{"name":"AAS Open Research","volume":"3 ","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7653640.3/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10295964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and application of cationised cellulose for removal of Cr(VI) from acid mine-drainage contaminated water.","authors":"Anita Etale, Dineo S Nhlane, Alseno K Mosai, Jessica Mhlongo, Aaliyah Khan, Karl Rumbold, Yannick B Nuapia","doi":"10.12688/aasopenres.13182.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/aasopenres.13182.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Acid mine drainage (AMD) leads to contamination of surface and ground water by high levels of toxic metals including chromium. In many cases, these waters are sources of drinking water for communities, and treatment is therefore required before consumption to prevent negative health effects. <b>Methods:</b> Cationised hemp cellulose was prepared by etherification with two quaternary ammonium salts: 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC) and glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC) and examined for (i) the efficiency of Cr(VI) removal under acid mine-drainage (AMD) conditions, and (ii) antibacterial activity. Adsorbents were characterised by electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), CP-MAS ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, elemental composition and surface charge. <b>Results:</b> FTIR and solid state ¹³C NMR confirmed the introduction of quaternary ammonium moieties on cellulose. ¹³C NMR also showed that cationisation decreased the degree of crystallisation and lateral dimensions of cellulose fibrils. Nevertheless, 47 %  - 72 % of Cr(VI) ions were removed from solutions at pH 4, by 0.1 g of CHPTAC and GTMAC-cationised cellulose, respectively. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second order model and isotherms were best described by the Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. When GTMAC-modified cellulose was applied to AMD contaminated water (pH 2.7); however, Cr(VI) removal decreased to 22% likely due to competition from Al and Fe ions. Cationised materials displayed considerable antibacterial effects, reducing the viability of <i>Escherichia coli</i> by up to 45 % after just 3 hours of exposure. <b>Conclusions:</b> Together, these results suggest that cationised cellulose can be applied in the treatment of Cr(VI)-contaminated mine water particularly if pre-treatments to reduce Fe and Al concentrations are applied.</p>","PeriodicalId":34179,"journal":{"name":"AAS Open Research","volume":" ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7871422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25399267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High infectious disease burden as a basis for the observed high frequency of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"K. Kusi, Augustina Frimpong, F. D. Partey, Helena Lamptey, L. Amoah, M. Ofori","doi":"10.12688/aasopenres.13196.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.13196.3","url":null,"abstract":"Following the coronavirus outbreaks described as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012, the world has again been challenged by yet another corona virus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 infections were first detected in a Chinese Province in December 2019 and then declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. An infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 may result in asymptomatic, uncomplicated or fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Fatal disease has been linked with the uncontrolled “cytokine storm” manifesting with complications mostly in people with underlying cardiovascular and pulmonary disease conditions. The severity of COVID-19 disease and the associated mortality has been disproportionately lower in terms of number of cases and deaths in Africa and also Asia in comparison to Europe and North America. Also, persons of colour residing in Europe and North America have been identified as a highly susceptible population due to a combination of several socioeconomic factors and poor access to quality healthcare. Interestingly, this has not been the case in sub-Saharan Africa where majority of the population are even more deprived of the aforementioned factors. On the contrary, sub-Saharan Africa has recorded the lowest levels of mortality and morbidity associated with the disease, and an overwhelming proportion of infections are asymptomatic. Whilst it can be argued that these lower number of cases in Africa may be due to challenges associated with the diagnosis of the disease such as lack of trained personnel and infrastructure, the number of persons who get infected and develop symptoms is proportionally lower than those who are asymptomatic, including asymptomatic cases that are never diagnosed. This review discusses the most probable reasons for the significantly fewer cases of severe COVID-19 disease and deaths in sub-Saharan Africa.","PeriodicalId":34179,"journal":{"name":"AAS Open Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66398269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High infectious disease burden as a basis for the observed high frequency of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Kwadwo Asamoah Kusi,&nbsp;Augustina Frimpong,&nbsp;Frederica Dedo Partey,&nbsp;Helena Lamptey,&nbsp;Linda Eva Amoah,&nbsp;Michael Fokuo Ofori","doi":"10.12688/aasopenres.13196.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/aasopenres.13196.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following the coronavirus outbreaks described as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012, the world has again been challenged by yet another corona virus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 infections were first detected in a Chinese Province in December 2019 and then declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. An infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 may result in asymptomatic, uncomplicated or fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Fatal disease has been linked with the uncontrolled \"cytokine storm\" manifesting with complications mostly in people with underlying cardiovascular and pulmonary disease conditions. The severity of COVID-19 disease and the associated mortality has been disproportionately lower in Africa and Asia in comparison to Europe and North America in terms of number of cases and deaths. While persons of colour who live in Europe and North America have been identified as a highly susceptible population due to a combination of several socioeconomic factors and poor access to quality healthcare, this has not been the case in sub-Saharan Africa where inhabitants are even more deprived concerning the said factors. On the contrary, sub-Saharan Africa has recorded the lowest levels of mortality and morbidity associated with the disease, and an overwhelming proportion of infections are asymptomatic. This review discusses the most probable reasons for the significantly fewer cases of severe COVID-19 disease and deaths in sub-Saharan Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":34179,"journal":{"name":"AAS Open Research","volume":" ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8524298.2/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39693693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of livestock interventions on maternal and child nutrition outcomes in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.","authors":"Josphat Muema,&nbsp;Julius Oyugi,&nbsp;Zipporah Bukania,&nbsp;Mutono Nyamai,&nbsp;Christine Jost,&nbsp;Tewoldeberhan Daniel,&nbsp;Joseph Njuguna,&nbsp;Samuel Mwangi Thumbi","doi":"10.12688/aasopenres.13150.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.13150.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The challenge of undernutrition (stunting and wasting) still remains a major health concern in children below 5 years of age in Africa, with the continent accounting for more than one third of all stunted children and more than one quarter of all wasted children globally. Despite the growing evidence on the role of agriculture interventions in improving nutrition, empirical evidence on the impact of livestock intervention on nutrition in Africa is scant. This review is aimed at determining whether livestock interventions are effective in reducing undernutrition in children below five years of age and in pregnant and lactating women in Africa. The review will be conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Major electronic databases will be searched and complemented with grey and non-indexed literature from google and google scholar, and expert consultation for additional articles and reports. PICO criteria will be used while employing search strategies including MeSH, Boolean search operators and truncation/wildcard symbol to narrow or broaden the search. Articles on effect of livestock interventions on maternal and child nutrition conducted in Africa that meet the set inclusion criteria will be included in the review after critical appraisal by two independent reviewers. A standardized form will be used to extract data from included studies. The extracted data will be summarized and synthesized both qualitatively and quantitatively and key outcomes presented. Evidence generated from the systematic review and meta-analysis will be important for guiding nutrition sensitive livestock interventions and policies on nutrition programming, specifically on how to leverage on livestock interventions to reduce the burden of undernutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":34179,"journal":{"name":"AAS Open Research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8552048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39863301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kenya's response to the COVID-19 pandemic: a balance between minimising morbidity and adverse economic impact.","authors":"Edwin N Wangari, P. Gichuki, Angelyne A. Abuor, Jacqueline Wambui, S. Okeyo, H. T. Oyatsi, Shadrack Odikara, Benard W. Kulohoma","doi":"10.12688/aasopenres.13156.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.13156.1","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has ravaged the world's socioeconomic systems forcing many governments across the globe to implement unprecedented stringent mitigation measures to restrain its rapid spread and adverse effects. A disproportionate number of COVID-19 related morbidities and mortalities were predicted to occur in Africa. However, Africa still has a lower than predicted number of cases, 4% of the global pandemic burden. In this open letter, we highlight some of the early stringent countermeasures implemented in Kenya, a sub-Saharan African country, to avert the severe effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. These mitigation measures strike a balance between minimising COVID-19 associated morbidity and fatalities and its adverse economic impact, and taken together have significantly dampened the pandemic's impact on Kenya's populace.","PeriodicalId":34179,"journal":{"name":"AAS Open Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66397377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}