ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)最新文献_第8页

Post-Socialist Transition and the Intergenerational Transmission of Education in Kyrgyzstan 后社会主义转型与吉尔吉斯斯坦教育代际传承

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2239774

Tilman Brück, D. Esenaliev

引用次数: 7

Social influence in social advertising: evidence from field experiments 社交广告的社会影响:来自现场实验的证据

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2012-06-04 DOI: 10.1145/2229012.2229027

E. Bakshy, Dean Eckles, Rong Yan, Itamar Rosenn

{"title":"Social influence in social advertising: evidence from field experiments","authors":"E. Bakshy, Dean Eckles, Rong Yan, Itamar Rosenn","doi":"10.1145/2229012.2229027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2229012.2229027","url":null,"abstract":"Social advertising uses information about consumers' peers, including peer affiliations with a brand, product, organization, etc., to target ads and contextualize their display. This approach can increase ad efficacy for two main reasons: peers' affiliations reflect unobserved consumer characteristics, which are correlated along the social network; and the inclusion of social cues (i.e., peers' association with a brand) alongside ads affect responses via social influence processes. For these reasons, responses may be increased when multiple social signals are presented with ads, and when ads are affiliated with peers who are strong, rather than weak, ties.\u0000 We conduct two very large field experiments that identify the effect of social cues on consumer responses to ads, measured in terms of ad clicks and the formation of connections with the advertised entity. In the first experiment, we randomize the number of social cues present in word-of-mouth advertising, and measure how responses increase as a function of the number of cues. The second experiment examines the effect of augmenting traditional ad units with a minimal social cue (i.e., displaying a peer's affiliation below an ad in light grey text). On average, this cue causes significant increases in ad performance. Using a measurement of tie strength based on the total amount of communication between subjects and their peers, we show that these influence effects are greatest for strong ties. Our work has implications for ad optimization, user interface design, and central questions in social science research.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134171487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 270

The Impacts of a Pledge Campaign and the Promise of Publicity: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Charitable Donations 承诺运动与宣传承诺的影响:慈善捐赠的随机对照试验

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-05-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1833487

S. Cotterill, P. John, E. Richardson

引用次数: 4

The Financial Outcome of Hiring a CEO from Outside the Firm 从公司外部聘请CEO的财务结果

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-03-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1657027

James S. Ang, G. L. Nagel

{"title":"The Financial Outcome of Hiring a CEO from Outside the Firm","authors":"James S. Ang, G. L. Nagel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1657027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1657027","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the financial result of boards’ choices to promote a new CEO from within the firm or hire externally, at large U.S. public firms between 1986 and 2005. This choice theoretically maximizes profits. Additionally, choosing a new CEO from outside the firm influences labor market demand and compensation for top executives. We use the structural self-selection modeling method to determine the performance (total cash flow) boards would have obtained by choosing the passed-over type of hire. The method accounts for boards that self-select their hiring source (inside or outside) to maximize profits. The model uses instrument variables that affect the decision to hire externally but are uncorrelated to firm performance. Standard methods are used to address any remaining concerns related to endogeneity, firm fixed effects, and truncation bias. Extensive robustness tests are run. Results are verified by using advanced matching estimators. Our results show that an economically significant gain is realized, on average, by hiring internally relative to what would have been obtained by hiring externally, whereas an economically significant loss is realized by hiring externally. This result is a) robust to analysis method, performance measure, and model specification, b) holds regardless of the time period, for both S&P 500-size and Forbes 800-size firms, and c) is not significantly changed by removing interim CEOs. Ours tests suggest the loss obtained when hiring externally is not attributable to weak governance or greater risk taking by outside hires to obtain superior performance. Instead, our results suggest that boards are unknowingly missing critical information about external candidates, which results in their decision to hire externally and a subsequent loss of profits. Our result can help explain the major trends in corporate governance and CEO compensation since 1934.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125001173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Evaluating Social Interventions Through RCTs: A Checklist Tool 通过随机对照试验评估社会干预:一个清单工具

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-03-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3527133

Dr. Ron Bose

引用次数: 0

Survey of Photovoltaic Industry and Policy in Germany and China 德国与中国光伏产业与政策调查

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1869813

T. Grau, Molin Huo, K. Neuhoff

引用次数: 219

Explaining Randomized Evaluation Techniques Using Classroom Games 用课堂游戏解释随机评价技术

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-09-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1676876

Subha Mani, Utteeyo Dasgupta

引用次数: 1

Investment Income Withholding in the United States and Germany 美国和德国的投资收益扣缴

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-08-15 DOI: 10.5744/ftr.2010.1003

Lily Kahng

{"title":"Investment Income Withholding in the United States and Germany","authors":"Lily Kahng","doi":"10.5744/ftr.2010.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/ftr.2010.1003","url":null,"abstract":"In a reversal from its historical roots, the United States income tax system now taxes income from labor significantly more heavily than income from capital. It does so not only facially, through explicit preferences for income from capital, but also more subtly, through more hidden features of the tax system - specifically, enforcement strategies. This Article focuses on a prominent disparity in enforcement between the two forms of income: Wage income is subject to withholding while investment income is not. In its critical examination of this disparity, the Article first offers a brief history of withholding in the United States, in which withholding on wage income was eagerly embraced as a part of a patriotic war effort, while withholding on investment income was rejected again and again. The Article then contrasts the United States experience with that of Germany. Under Germany's remarkably robust constitutional principle of equality in taxation, the failure to withhold on interest income was held unconstitutional, and the German legislature was required to enact it. However, instead of leading to greater equality in tax enforcement, the new withholding law led to widespread evasion. The German experience is cited as a cautionary tale on the dangers of international tax competition. Yet, ultimately, it may prove to have been the tipping point for countries to engage in the cooperative behavior needed to overcome undesirable tax competition. The last Part of the Article draws upon lessons learned from past U.S. and German experiences to make the normative and practical case that now is the time to adopt investment income withholding in the United States.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115268377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Should UK House Prices Rise in Line with Earnings? 英国房价应与收入同步上涨吗?

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-07-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1636363

Colin Ellis

引用次数: 2

Exclusion and Compulsion in Collectives 集体中的排斥与强迫

ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-05-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2897092

Klaus Mackscheidt, Bancho Banov

引用次数: 0