Radiation Medicine and Protection最新文献

{"title":"Overall results and prospects of the cancer risk assessment in the Urals population affected by chronic low dose-rate exposure","authors":"Alexander Vasilyevich Akleyev ,&nbsp;Marina Olegovna Degteva ,&nbsp;Ludmila Yurievna Krestinina","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper presents the key milestones and outcomes of 65-year studies of the carcinogenic consequences of accidental radiation exposure of the population of the Ural region. The radioactive contamination of the Techa River and the 1957 accident at the Mayak Production Association were the reasons of the long-term population exposure at a wide dose-range. The most important tasks of the study were the reconstruction of individual doses, follow-up of the solid cancer and leukemia incidence and mortality among cohort members. The research results have shown that chronic human exposure, in comparison to acute exposure, does not reduce the risk of developing malignant tumors and leukemias. The value of the dose-rate factor does not exceed \"one\".</p><p>Thus, according to our data, the Publication 103 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection seemed to underestimate the radiation risk of malignant tumors and leukemias in case of low dose-rate exposure of the population by a factor of two. Prospects for further radio-epidemiological studies in the Urals are associated with the analysis of the cohort of Southern Urals Populations Exposed to Radiation, which includes about 63 thousand exposed people and makes it possible to assess the radiation risk of solid cancers of certain localizations, certain types of leukemia, and non-cancer effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 159-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555722000478/pdfft?md5=ebef87cb208daa8efb49646e88c5f9ab&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555722000478-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47324241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of methodological workflow, interpretation and limitations of nomogram application in cancer study","authors":"Wingyi Lee ,&nbsp;Sai-Kit Lam ,&nbsp;Yuanpeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruijie Yang ,&nbsp;Jing Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nomograms have been increasingly adopted in cancer studies for predicting a variety of clinical outcomes. Compared to conventional prediction approaches, nomograms present an excellent graphical easy-to-interpret visualization and by combining patients’ characteristics and statistical models constructed based on diagnostic tests, higher accuracy could be achieved, facilitating the clinical decision-making process. However, with the increasing number of nomograms being proposed, misinterpretations may often occur, introducing a large degree of uncertainties in clinical situations. This review article aims to provide a methodological summary for nomogram applications, construction, and interpretation, with a demonstrative example of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient data in the field of radiation medicine. Common misunderstandings and limitations are also discussed to underscore the applicability of nomograms in different scenarios. The overarching goal of this review article is to provide general audiences with fundamental and essential knowledge toward comprehending and implementing nomograms in cancer studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 200-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555722000600/pdfft?md5=ccad1f9fa2d5dd459dd8afd96e2fc58f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555722000600-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43443961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining radiation with immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy for HCC: From the alteration of the immune microenvironment by radiotherapy","authors":"Kaixiao Zhou ,&nbsp;Yabo Jiang ,&nbsp;Shuang Feng ,&nbsp;Tingya Wang ,&nbsp;Lili Wang ,&nbsp;Jianping Cao ,&nbsp;Yang Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the deadliest cancers all over the world, had a limited prognosis in the past. Recently, the remarkable efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy has been shown in various solid tumors. What's more, the occurrence of HCC is associated with immune escape and therefore various ICIs have been applied to clinical trials for HCC. However, the special immune environment of the liver creates the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) of HCC, which impairs the overall survival (OS) and overall response rate (OCR) of ICIs as a monotherapy. Lately, various therapies have been used in combination with ICIs therapy to improve its clinical efficacy. Among which, radiotherapy is widely concerned because of its unique immunoreaction. A large number of basic and clinical studies have demonstrated that the combined radiotherapy and ICIs therapy has advantages in improving the OCR and efficacy, as compared with ICIs therapy alone. Herein, this article reviews the studies on the advantages and possible mechanisms of the combination of radiotherapy and ICIs therapy for HCC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 183-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555722000454/pdfft?md5=c70caeb2c6738767da1eca1f6d479b38&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555722000454-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43449824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of the impact of FLASH radiotherapy on the central nervous system and glioma","authors":"Lin Li,&nbsp;Yayi Yuan,&nbsp;Yahui Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glioma has received considerable attention because of its potential of inducing high rates of morbidity, disability, and mortality. FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) has emerged as a popular topic in current research because of its ability to protect normal tissues. The present review summarized the current development of FLASH-RT in both the central nervous system and glioblastomas, explored the potential mechanisms underlying FLASH-RT-mediated protective effects on the central nervous system, and revealed the advantages of this new technique for glioma therapy. This study highlights the benefits and challenges of the present research and provides a reference for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 208-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555722000648/pdfft?md5=f811fa627b67f2e6dd5dccc046ada891&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555722000648-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45505152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of gamma-emitting radionuclides in soils around high energy accelerators","authors":"Jiaying Wang ,&nbsp;Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Zhongjian Ma ,&nbsp;Lu Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the specific activities of gamma radionuclides in the soils around high energy accelerators, and to analyze the influence of rays emitted by nuclides with characteristic peaks at similar energy points on nuclide measurement results, in order to provide reference for the accurate identification of radionuclides.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>GR5021 high-purity germanium gamma spectroscopy system was used to measure the specific activities of gamma-emitting radionuclides ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ²³⁸U, ⁴⁰K and artificial radionuclides ⁵⁴Mn, ⁵²Mn, ⁷Be, ²²Na, ⁵⁹Fe, ⁹⁵Zr in six soil samples around three kinds of high energy accelerators, and the theoretical counts of the characteristic peak of 835.7 ​keV were compared with the measured counts of the characteristic peak of ⁵⁴Mn.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The specific activity ranges of gamma-emitting radionuclides ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ²³⁸U and ⁴⁰K in the soils around three kinds of high energy accelerators were 55.5–171, 34.9–99.9, 21.9–79.3 and 247–680 Bq/kg, respectively. The specific activities of artificial radionuclides ⁵²Mn, ⁷Be, ²²Na, ⁵⁹Fe and ⁹⁵Zr were basically lower than the minimum detection limit. A characteristic peak was found at the energy point of 835.7 ​keV in six soil samples, and the corresponding total absorption peak counts were from ²²⁸Ac of ²³²Th ​decay daughter.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The specific activities of gamma-emitting radionuclides were at the normal natural background levels. The specific activities of artificial radionuclides were basically lower than the minimum detection limits. For ²³²Th, when its specific activity is above 40 Bq/kg, characteristic peak of its decay daughter ²²⁸Ac could be misjudged as characteristic peak of ⁵⁴Mn.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 171-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555722000661/pdfft?md5=a0ec423e5061ffc1545311e5f263f3d2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555722000661-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46932397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the 5·7 Nanjing 192Ir source radiological accident","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Ningle Yu ,&nbsp;Jin Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Pengfei Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper gives a detailed description of a radiological accident of ¹⁹²Ir source occurring on May 7, 2014 in Nanjing, China (the 5⋅7 accident), encompassing a combination of accident overview, emergency response, investigation process and results, dose estimation, medical treatment, experience and lessons learnt. The investigation showed that the accident was mainly caused by insufficient attention to the radiation safety, non-compliance with licensing conditions and employment of untrained temporary radiographer without equipped with alarm dosimeters. Additionally, no area radiation survey meter was used to verify whether the source would have retracted to radiography camera after every exposure. It therefore is the important means to strengthen the management of radioactive source safety and put the strict management measures in place, implement the requirements for personnel qualification management, strengthen regulatory inspection and actively poster safety culture, which are necessary to avoid accidents. This paper aims to provide experience and reference for the emergency response and countermeasure of radiological accidents involving industrial radioactive sources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 190-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555722000636/pdfft?md5=7e78931b96be984e3799dfdc8ff6b21a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555722000636-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46886280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low melting point MCP-69, MCP-96, MCP-137, and MCP-200 alloys for radiation protection in radiological and therapeutic processes","authors":"Michael W. Perrigin ,&nbsp;Kendall A. Williams ,&nbsp;Brandon K. Wright ,&nbsp;Malaika Maqbool ,&nbsp;Emily Caffrey ,&nbsp;Remo George ,&nbsp;Ghafar Ali ,&nbsp;Muhammad Maqbool","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the low melting-point MCP-69, MCP-96, MCP-137, and MCP-200 alloys, and characterize them for their potential to protect from the harms associated with radiation and eliminate radiation hazards during radiological procedures and treatment of cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The Klein-Nishina formula was used to calculate the electronic and atomic cross-sections of these alloys using photon beams with energies 4, 6, 9, 12, and 18 ​MeV. Energy transfer coefficients, Compton mass attenuation coefficient, mass-energy transfer coefficient, and recoil energy of electrons in the specific photon energies of 4–18 ​MeV were calculated. The alloys' effective charge number and the photon energy were key factors in determining the properties found by utilizing the Klein-Nishina formula and Compton effects.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The cross sections and energy transfer coefficients increased with the increasing effective charge number <em>Z</em> of the alloys and decreased as the photon energy increased. The Compton recoil of the ejected electrons was observed to have a direct relationship with photon energy, but mass-energy transfer decreased with increasing photon energy. These alloys can replace the toxic lead for environmentally cleaned radiation applications.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These calculations and characteristics of the MCP alloys can help further determine their viability as materials for radiation shielding, their use in safe cancer diagnosis, treatment, and environmental hazards protection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 175-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555722000594/pdfft?md5=a16bed0cb163736569a630de587deccd&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555722000594-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49257282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections on nuclear safety culture from the perspective of traditional Chinese culture","authors":"Haiyan Chen ,&nbsp;Yiyao Cao ,&nbsp;Yi Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nuclear safety is a major concern given the rapid development of nuclear power in the modern era. Fostering a nuclear safety culture is an important means of ensuring nuclear safety. In China, a country with a rich historical and cultural heritage, traditional culture will influence the development of a nuclear safety culture. This study explored the origin and levels of nuclear safety culture and reflected on nuclear safety culture from the perspective of traditional Chinese culture. The purpose of this study is to integrate the essence of traditional culture into the nuclear safety culture and foster a nuclear safety culture with Chinese characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 196-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555722000624/pdfft?md5=f058016b732768ad456cdb0e10d610ab&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555722000624-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42964748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TGF-β/Akt/Smad signaling regulates ionizing radiation-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in acquired radioresistant lung cancer cells","authors":"Yongchun Zhou ,&nbsp;Lingli Liao ,&nbsp;Nan Su ,&nbsp;Hua Huang ,&nbsp;Yaoguo Yang ,&nbsp;Yan Yang ,&nbsp;Gengming Wang ,&nbsp;Hongbo Xu ,&nbsp;Hao Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To define the properties of lung cancer cells that resisted conventionally fractionated radiation exposure.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Acquired radioresistant lung cancer cell line A549 was constructed by X-ray irradiation with a clinical conventional fraction dose of 2 ​Gy daily during 30 fractions. Cell morphology, molecular markers, migration capacity and invasion potential were evaluated by the microscope, Western blot, immunofluorescence, wound healing test and transwell chamber assay, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Radioresistant A549 ​cells shifted from an epithelial to a mesenchymal morphology, termed as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and was accompanied by decreased expressions of epithelial markers (<em>F</em> ​= ​4.568, <em>P</em> ​&lt; ​0.05) and increased expression of mesenchymal markers (<em>F</em> ​= ​4.270, <em>P</em> ​&lt; ​0.05), greater migratory and invasive capabilities (<em>t</em> ​= ​6.386, 5.644, <em>P</em> ​&lt; ​0.05). The expression of TGF-β, and phosphorylated levels of Akt and Smad3 were also enhanced (<em>F</em> ​= ​6.496, 4.685, 3.370, <em>P</em> ​&lt; ​0.05). Furthermore, the EMT phenotype induced by radiation could be reversed through inhibition of TGF-β, Akt or Smad3, indicating a functional relationship between them.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>EMT mediates acquired radioresistance of lung cancer cells induced by IR with clinical parameters, and the crosstalk mode of TGF-β/Akt/Smad signaling plays a critical regulatory role in this process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555722000272/pdfft?md5=221a6f0e7e0df1b9075bd6b923614a03&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555722000272-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48121337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of pencil beam and Monte Carlo calculations with ion chamber array measurements for patient-specific quality assurance","authors":"Yu Deng ,&nbsp;Zhi Chen ,&nbsp;Qianxia Wang ,&nbsp;Pablo Yepes ,&nbsp;Zhuangming Shen ,&nbsp;Hongliang Chen ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Michael F. Moyers","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2022.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine under what conditions and criteria comparisons between calculations made with the current clinical treatment planning system (Syngo) and an <em>in-house</em> built TPS (TIMPS) would allow skipping of <em>in-beam</em> portal-specific measurements.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Measurements were made with an array of 24 ion chambers in a water phantom for 227 proton and 313 carbon ion portals with and without a range shifter (RS). These measurements were compared with calculations performed with Syngo and TIMPS using metrics of average dose difference and Gamma index.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>For proton portals without RS, if a Gamma comparison between TIMPS and Syngo passed using criteria of 90% of tested points being within 3% and 3 ​mm, then 74% of measurements would agree with both TIMPS and Syngo. For proton portals with RS, more than 80% of measurements would agree with both calculations using the same criteria. For carbon ion portals without RS, if a Gamma evaluation between TIMPS and Syngo passed with criteria of 90% of tested points being within 2% and 2 ​mm, 85% of measurements would agree with both calculations. For carbon ion portals with RS, if a Gamma evaluation between TIMPS and Syngo passed with criteria of 90% of tested points being within 3% and 3 ​mm, 60% of measurements would agree with both calculations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Both the pencil beam algorithm in Syngo and the FDC algorithm in TIMPS can provide accurate dose calculations in water for most clinical portals. For about 75% of portals, physicists can perform comparisons of calculations instead of phantom measurements to verify Syngo calculations thereby saving a large amount of beam time. There are some portals, however, such as for low-energy protons without RS and high-energy carbon ions, where agreement between the two calculations and measurements are not yet satisfactory to allow the elimination of all measurements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 115-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555722000429/pdfft?md5=1af21d9e2ff5b4e49f489f59a925c825&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555722000429-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48802082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}