International Journal of Multiphase Flow最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Bubbles and bubbly flows 气泡和气泡流
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术
International Journal of Multiphase Flow Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105240
Valeria Garbin , Dieter Bothe , Günter Brenn , Carlo Massimo Casciola , Catherine Colin , Marco Marengo , Frédéric Risso , Gretar Tryggvason , Detlef Lohse
{"title":"Bubbles and bubbly flows","authors":"Valeria Garbin ,&nbsp;Dieter Bothe ,&nbsp;Günter Brenn ,&nbsp;Carlo Massimo Casciola ,&nbsp;Catherine Colin ,&nbsp;Marco Marengo ,&nbsp;Frédéric Risso ,&nbsp;Gretar Tryggvason ,&nbsp;Detlef Lohse","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bubbles and bubbly flows are omnipresent in nature and technology, showing a multitude of phenomena, which can be either beneficial or a hindrance. In any case, for their control and their applications, it is crucial to understand their fundamentals and therefore from the very beginning of the International Journal of Multiphase Flow they have been central. In this synoptic review we give some examples for the fascinating fluid dynamics of bubbles and bubbly flows, starting from their nucleation and cavitation phenomena, then going to single bubble phenomena, and finally to bubbly flows, in which the collective effects of bubbles are key, and to mass transfer in such bubbly flows. The review ends with an outlook on future direction and open issues in the research on bubbles and bubbly flows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Large eddy simulation of particle deposition in fully developed turbulent fin-tube heat exchanger 完全发展的紊流翅片管换热器中颗粒沉积的大涡模拟
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术
International Journal of Multiphase Flow Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105271
Kousseila Atsaid, Rémi Gautier, Souria Hamidouche, Serge Russeil
{"title":"Large eddy simulation of particle deposition in fully developed turbulent fin-tube heat exchanger","authors":"Kousseila Atsaid,&nbsp;Rémi Gautier,&nbsp;Souria Hamidouche,&nbsp;Serge Russeil","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large Eddy Simulations are performed to investigate particle deposition within a fin-tube heat exchanger operating in fouling conditions for waste heat recovery. The particle equation of motion is solved using Lagrangian Particle Tracking method taking into account both drag and lift forces. The particle diameters considered range from 1 to 24 µm, corresponding to dimensionless particle relaxation times (<span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></mrow><mo>+</mo></msubsup></math></span>) between 0,18 and 106,24. A Critical Deposition Velocity Model (CDVM) is integrated to simulate the fouling in the fin-tube geometry and is compared to the conventional Trap Wall Model (TWM) where the particle deposits when it hits the wall. In the framework of particle-laden regular channel flows, both models lead to a good agreement on the evolution of <span><math><msubsup><mi>V</mi><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mo>+</mo></msubsup></math></span> as function of the dimensionless particle relaxation time (<span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></mrow><mo>+</mo></msubsup></math></span>). For the fin-tube geometry, it is found that the effect of gravity is negligible on the deposition velocity whereas the deposition model has a considerable influence on particle deposition and dispersion. Results show that particles size and turbulence fluctuations are the driving parameters of particle dispersion and deposition trends. Moreover, analysis of means of local distribution of particle dispersion and local deposition on fin-tube walls depict four newly identified fouling regimes as a function of the dimensionless particle relaxation time (τp+).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation with Skeleton-based Structural Models (ALE-SSM) framework for water-structure interaction with large structural deformations 基于骨架结构模型(ALE-SSM)框架的任意拉格朗日-欧拉公式用于大结构变形的水-结构相互作用
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术
International Journal of Multiphase Flow Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105269
Dimitrios Kalliontzis
{"title":"Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation with Skeleton-based Structural Models (ALE-SSM) framework for water-structure interaction with large structural deformations","authors":"Dimitrios Kalliontzis","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a method for water-structure, two-phase, interaction computations with geometrically nonlinear structural deformations. The method builds on the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Formulation with Skeleton-Based Structural Models (ALE-SSM) framework to model the structural domain with force-based line elements (FBEs). The air-to-water flow is simulated with a coupled level-set/volume-of-fluid (CLS-VOF) approach with fluid mass correction applied in both the LS and VOF domains. Using FBEs, numerical tests show that the method effectively simulates physical experiments involving low- and high-compliant, flexible, cantilever structures subjected to multi-phase flows. The proposed method is used to evaluate the sensitivity of two-phase mass balancing to structural compliance and perform a parametric study to investigate compliance effects on water-structure interaction and hydrodynamic loads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 105269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of cavitation structures and flow rates on pressure pulsation in the inducer: An experimental investigation 空化结构和流量对诱导管内压力脉动影响的实验研究
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术
International Journal of Multiphase Flow Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105272
Hui Zhang , Desheng Zhang , Guangjian Zhang , Xiaoyan Ye , Puyu Cao
{"title":"Effect of cavitation structures and flow rates on pressure pulsation in the inducer: An experimental investigation","authors":"Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Desheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Guangjian Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Ye ,&nbsp;Puyu Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The generation of noise and structural vibrations in inducers caused by unsteady cavitation represents a critical technical challenge, necessitating comprehensive investigation into the dynamic characteristics of cavitation-induced pressure pulsations. The method of wavelet decomposition and spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) were employed to analyze the connection between instantaneous pressure pulsations and the cavitation structures. The results indicate that hub cavitation and back-flow vortex cavitation occur at 0.6-0.8 <em>ϕ</em><sub>d</sub>, where <em>ϕ</em><sub>d</sub> is defined as the flowrate coefficient for which the inducer has been designed. Perpendicular vortex cavitation focuses on 0.8-1.0 <em>ϕ</em><sub>d</sub> and interacts with the sheet cavitation on the adjacent suction surface. Eddy-cavitation appears at 1.0-1.2 <em>ϕ</em><sub>d</sub>. However, the tip leakage vortex cavitation area shrinks from a small flow rate to a large one. Cavitation growth primarily induces low-frequency pressure pulsations about 147.5 Hz; cavitation shedding and collapsing at 0.6-0.9 <em>ϕ</em><sub>d</sub> induces high-frequency pressure pulsations above 636 Hz, whereas 1.0-1.2 <em>ϕ</em><sub>d</sub> induces low-frequency pressure pulsations below 322 Hz. SPOD analysis of inducer cavitation structures demonstrated decreasing modal spatial sizes with elevated decomposition frequencies and mode orders at constant flow rates, while increased flow rates reduced modal spatial dimensions with constant spectral parameters. The cavitation development process induced a pressure coefficient that increased from valley-to-peak. However, the shedding cavitation migration process generated peak-to-valley pressure transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of the interface heat defect on the thermocapillary response of the phase boundary in a liquid–gas system upon local heating from below 界面热缺陷对液气系统局部下加热时相界热毛细响应的影响
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术
International Journal of Multiphase Flow Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105260
Victoria B. Bekezhanova , Olga N. Goncharova
{"title":"Impact of the interface heat defect on the thermocapillary response of the phase boundary in a liquid–gas system upon local heating from below","authors":"Victoria B. Bekezhanova ,&nbsp;Olga N. Goncharova","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The problem of thermocapillary convection induced by local boundary heating in a closed cell filled with a volatile liquid and an overlying gas–vapor mixture is studied. The mathematical model is based on the Boussinesq approximation of the nonstationary Navier<!--> <!-->–<!--> <!-->Stokes equations for a viscous incompressible fluid. It includes the heat balance condition on the liquid–gas contact boundary in a generalized form to correctly take into account effects of thermodiffusion and evaporation as well as energy characteristics of the surface which govern the thermocapillary response of the interface. Numerical simulation is carried out in order to ascertain the influence of the heat defect on the amplitude of interface deformations and evolution of convective regimes upon heating by thermal sources embedded in the cuvette substrate. A comparative analysis of the results obtained within the frame of classical and generalized problem statements enables to estimate the impact of energy spent by the Marangoni force to deform the interface: the effect results in a decrease in the depth of a thermocapillary dimple in the zone of thermal load and in the amplitude of phase boundary oscillations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 105260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of collisions on the explosive dispersal of particles 碰撞对粒子爆炸扩散的影响
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术
International Journal of Multiphase Flow Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105261
Calvin J. Young , Henry Pace , Yash Mehta , Jacob A. McFarland , Jonathan D. Regele
{"title":"The effect of collisions on the explosive dispersal of particles","authors":"Calvin J. Young ,&nbsp;Henry Pace ,&nbsp;Yash Mehta ,&nbsp;Jacob A. McFarland ,&nbsp;Jonathan D. Regele","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The explosive dispersal of particles produces distinct clusters or jets of particles within the expanding flow. The mechanism that precipitates this behavior is still not fully understood. Experimental data at the particle level can be difficult to obtain, as experiments often involve explosive testing. Simulations may offer additional insight into how the jetting phenomenon develops. A series of 2D simulations are performed in order to investigate the phenomenon at the mesoscale, with fully resolved particle–particle and particle–gas interactions. Particles are modeled as fully resolved cylinders via a volume penalization method. Phase interactions are captured by two-way particle–gas coupling and particle–particle collisions and momentum transfer. Two particle cloud geometries are considered in order to isolate possible sources of jetting: planar shock and compression waves impacting a rectangular particle cloud and an annular cloud about a cylindrically expanding blast wave. In each case, particle distribution within the cloud is varied with forced initial perturbations in area fraction in order to investigate the effects of spatial perturbation on cloud development. Particle positions, velocities, acceleration, and spatial auto-correlation statistics are used to characterize the evolution of the system over time. Jetting is observed to be mainly influenced by particle collisions as opposed to fluid interactions due to the time scale in which fluid structures take to form.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 105261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Single cavitation bubble dynamics in a confined planar flow” [International Journal of Multiphase Flow, Volume 188, July 2025, 105224] “单空化泡在受限平面流中的动力学”的勘误表[国际多相流杂志,vol . 188, July 2025, 105224]
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术
International Journal of Multiphase Flow Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105264
Dominik Gebensleben, Fabian Reuter, Claus-Dieter Ohl
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Single cavitation bubble dynamics in a confined planar flow” [International Journal of Multiphase Flow, Volume 188, July 2025, 105224]","authors":"Dominik Gebensleben,&nbsp;Fabian Reuter,&nbsp;Claus-Dieter Ohl","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 105264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An adaptive SPH-FVM method with optimized particle-mesh interpolation scheme for strongly compressible multiphase flows 强可压缩多相流的自适应SPH-FVM方法及优化颗粒网格插值方案
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术
International Journal of Multiphase Flow Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105256
Yi-Di Zhang , Fu-Ren Ming , Ping-Ping Wang , Dong-Fang Liang
{"title":"An adaptive SPH-FVM method with optimized particle-mesh interpolation scheme for strongly compressible multiphase flows","authors":"Yi-Di Zhang ,&nbsp;Fu-Ren Ming ,&nbsp;Ping-Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Dong-Fang Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strongly compressible multiphase flows, such as high-pressure bubble pulsations and jets, are typically characterized by complex interfaces with high density ratios, strong discontinuities, and long-term evolutions. As a result, traditional numerical methods often encounter significant challenges, including tracking multiphase interfaces, maintaining accuracy at discontinuous interfaces over long-term simulations, and enforcing physical non-reflection boundary. To address these issues, this paper introduces an adaptive SPH-FVM coupling model that integrates Riemann Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (Riemann-SPH) for computations within the core region, and Finite Volume Method (FVM) for calculations in other regions. It retains the benefits of the SPH method in handling large deformations and interface fragmentations, while leveraging the computational efficiency and boundary enforcement capabilities of the FVM method. This model is notably straightforward to implement and fully adaptive following initial setup. The predefined core particle region is adaptively adjusted, leading to a substantial reduction in the number of particles and an enhancement in overall computational efficiency. Furthermore, an optimized particle-mesh interpolation scheme (OPMIS) is proposed to handle the particle-mesh coupling at the interface, effectively mitigating numerical instability when high-pressure waves propagate from particles to meshes in shock problems. Additionally, the model is applied to simulate complex bubble behaviors in both free fields and near-wall boundaries. The numerical accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of the adaptive SPH-FVM model have been rigorously verified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 105256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial on machine learning for multiphase flow 多相流的机器学习
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术
International Journal of Multiphase Flow Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105268
S. Balachandar , G. Tryggvason , A. Soldati
{"title":"Editorial on machine learning for multiphase flow","authors":"S. Balachandar ,&nbsp;G. Tryggvason ,&nbsp;A. Soldati","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 105268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A multicomponent pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann model for liquid–liquid systems with soluble surfactants 具有可溶性表面活性剂的液-液体系的多组分伪势晶格玻尔兹曼模型
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术
International Journal of Multiphase Flow Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105255
Mohammad Pourtousi , Arman Safdari , Orest Shardt , Harry E.A. Van den Akker
{"title":"A multicomponent pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann model for liquid–liquid systems with soluble surfactants","authors":"Mohammad Pourtousi ,&nbsp;Arman Safdari ,&nbsp;Orest Shardt ,&nbsp;Harry E.A. Van den Akker","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intermolecular interactions in the pseudo-potential lattice Boltzmann (PPLB) method can readily be extended to more than two components. We report about a three-component PPLB approach to explore whether the effect of a surfactant could be included in describing droplet behaviour in (liquid–liquid) emulsions. The two main liquid components are taken to follow the Carnahan-Starling equation of state (EoS), while the surfactant obeys an ideal EoS. We investigate the nature of the phases present at equilibrium and the dependence of the interfacial tension between the two liquid phases on the amount of surfactant. The response of a droplet subjected to simple shear is investigated in the absence and the presence of a surfactant. Our exploratory simulations show how during droplet deformation the surfactant re-distributes itself due to the action of the shear and flows towards the far ends of the deformed droplet, up to the moment the droplet breaks up. This inhomogeneous surfactant distribution along the interface increases the shear rate that is needed for droplet breakup such that the critical capillary number for breakup increases and the breakup process is delayed. The simulations also reveal the detailed flow fields inside and outside the deforming droplet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":339,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 105255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信