Mongolovedenie最新文献

{"title":"Сюжетосложение песен «Джангара» из эпического репертуара джангарчи Телтя Лиджиева","authors":"Bayrta B. Mandzhieva","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2022-1-197-211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2022-1-197-211","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Exploration of plots from late epic narratives is an urgent task of contemporary Jangar studies. A total of twelve epic texts (audiotapes) recorded by N. Bitkeev from jangarchi T. Lidzhiev in 1970 were transcribed for comprehensive insights into the mid-to-late epic-telling tradition. Goals. The article aims at considering plot structures of two narratives recorded from jangarchi Teltya Lidzhiev and introducing the unpublished texts into scientific circulation. Materials. The explored epic narratives are as follows: The Song of How Jangar [Bogdo] Came to Grips with Altan Cheeji; The Song of How Alya Monkhlya, the Son of Duta, Raided Eighteen Thousand Blood Red Horses from Jangar [Bogdo]. Results. The narratives are not interconnected, each being an independent poem manifesting one certain plot ‘move’. The common elements are characters, localization of events in space and time, a certain epic era and domain ruled by its Khan. The Song of How Jangar [Bogdo] Came to Grips with Altan Cheeji is distinguished by that it contains no prologue which results from the plot proper deals with the era to have preceded the emergence of Bumba and Jangar’s enthronement. As compared to texts of Eelyan Ovla, Teltya Lidzhiev’s songs are notably reduced. However, despite the decreased number of poetic lines, the epic plot structure consisting of separate complete episodes is preserved in full.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47281210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Документы по истории отправления калмыцкого владельца Дондук-Даши в Санкт-Петербург в 1737 г. (по материалам Национального архива Республики Калмыкия)","authors":"Narma A. Kamandzhaev","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-730-743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-730-743","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article describes the dispatch of Kalmyk Prince Donduk-Dashi to St. Petersburg in the fall of 1737. It also publishes documents on this event housed by the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. Materials. The examined archival materials are mostly clerical papers contained in Collection И-36 ‘Executive Attached to Kalmyk Affairs Commission under Astrakhan Governor. Results. The work introduces complete texts of 10 documents subdivided into decrees, reports, orders, road documents and instructions issued by various authorities and officials. Conclusions. The mentioned collection contains information regarding the backgrounds of Donduk-Dashi’s dispatch, and covers only a part of the journey to St. Petersburg. The described stage lasted from October 6 to November 2, 1737. During this period, Donduk-Dashi and his retinue sailed and drove from Astrakhan to the Novokhoperskaya fortress through such settlements as Cherny Yar, Popovitskaya station, Tsaritsyn, and Lovlinskaya stanitsa. This stage of the delivery of Donduk-Dashi from Astrakhan to St. Petersburg involved over a hundred Russian military and civil officers.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45909358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Об истории возрождения буддизма в Бурятии и Монголии в 1960–1970 гг. по архивным документам из личного архива П. Б. Балданжапова","authors":"T︠s︡. P. Vanchikova","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-623-631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-623-631","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to provide new information about the initial stage of the process of restoration and revival of Buddhist traditions after the period of repression and atheistic prohibitions. It shows the role of representatives of the Buddhist clergy in the person of the Khambo lamas of the USSR and the MPR Zh.-D. Gomboev, S. Gombozhav and P. B. Baldanzhapov in establishing international relations between the countries, in the creation and opening of the Buddhist Institute in Ulaanbaatar at the Gandantekchenlin Monastery in 1970. The article is written mainly onthe source base of archival materials stored in the private personal archive of P. B. Baldanzhapov kept in the funds of the Center of Oriental Manuscripts and Xylographs of the IMBT SB RAS, such as personal correspondence, copies and drafts of letters of appeals to government and other administrative organizations, plans and programs of visits and receptions of foreign delegations, reports and messages, drafts of articles, photographs. While writing the article, such research methods were used as historical retrospective, which showed the reason for the decline of Buddhist traditions by the early 60s of the last century, a comparative method that allowed assessing the contribution of Buddhist figures in historical perspective, as well as content analysis used for working with archival documents. Results. It has been stated that since the late 50-ies the policy of the Soviet government towards all confessions, including Buddhist, has changed. The main reason for which were political interests of the state aimed at improving its political image in the world, in expanding international relations of the USSR with the states of Southeast Asia, which allowed the Central Religious Board of the Buddhists of the USSR to establish ties with foreign Buddhist organizations and prominent religious public figures of other countries. Since the mid-60-70-ies, due to the joint efforts of Buryat and Mongolian Buddhist figures, actions were initiated for obtaining permission to open a Buddhist educational institution in Ulan-Bator, with the opening of which in 1970 the main threat to the existence of the Buddhist church among the Mongolian peoples was solved t.e. the disappearance of the system of education and training of young lamas.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47489993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Исчезающая история «13 лет и 13 дней»: проблемы поиска и сохранения архивных материалов о калмыках на спецпоселении в Сибири. Часть 1","authors":"Viktoria V. Kukanova, Utash B. Ochirov","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-744-763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-744-763","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article publishes a report delivered at the Thirteenth Congress of Orientalists and deals with problems of searching materials on repressed Kalmyks and their 1944–1957 life in Siberia with special emphasis be laid on their preservation and duplication for specialists in Kalmyk studies. Materials and methods. The study employs a wide range of research methods, both common scientific (analysis, synthesis, etc.) and special historical ones (historical genetics, historical systemic methods, etc.). The comparative historical methods proves instrumental in identifying actual storage and access conditions at archives across different regions, agencies, and authorities. Results. The paper covers the Siberian period of the repressed Kalmyk people’s life between 28 December 1943 and 9 January 1957. The ‘thirteen years and thirteen days’ — to have become a somewhat fixed folklore formula — witnessed tremendous hardships and miseries experienced and survived by two thirds of the population only. Part 1 of the article reviews the deportation proper (Operation Ulusy and other similar forced relocations). Special attention is paid to that the causes proclaimed in the official decree by the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Council were completely groundless and had nothing to do with reality. The geography of Kalmyk Deportation, living conditions, and typical problems faced by repressed Kalmyks are also outlined. The work emphasizes demographic losses of the ethnos. Part 2 shall examine the problems of searching and preserving related archival materials on Siberian life of the Kalmyks in 1944–1957.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45520201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Новые источники по истории Дербетского улуса","authors":"Alexander V. Tsyuryumov","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2021-3-440-449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-3-440-449","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to introduce a new source on the Kalmyk Khanate’s history, namely, “Vypiska o derbetevykh vladel’tsakh i o ikh ulusakh sochinennaia” (An extract about Derbet owners and their ulus, composed). The document was discovered in the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia, repository 36, “Sostoiashchii pri kalmytskikh delakh pri Astrakhanskom gubernatore (To Kalmyk affairs under the Astrakhan governor). Results. The record made on 70 sheets of paper, originated from the Collegium of Foreign Affairs; it was sent along with the imperial decree for the governor to familiarize himself with the policy pursued in relation to the ulus. The source contains significant data that sheds additional light not only on the history of the Derbet ulus but also on the Kalmyk Khanate overall. It describes the history of the ulus since the early eighteenth century, with a focus on the events between the 1740s and mid-1750s. The document has to do with the events that took place on the Don, where the Derbet ulus used to roam; special attention is given to the Derbet owners’ attitudes to the strife that took place in the first half of the century. Conclusions. “Vypiska o derbetevykh vladel’tsakh i o ikh ulusakh sochinennaia” is one of the detailed records describing the history of the Derbet ulus in the eighteenth century based on the government’s documents of the first half of the century. That is why there is a detailed description of the events related to the ulus’s move to the Don, indicating the ulus owners’ attitudes to the strife that took place at the time in the Khanate. There is every reason to believe that the document was written by Vasily Bakunin, the Collegium member who was most knowledgeable about the affairs of the Kalmyk Khanate.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46349004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Три северных похода цзиньского генерала Хуань Вэня (312–373 гг. н. э.) против «варварских» царств Северного Китая","authors":"Chingis Ts. Tsyrenov","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-694-703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-694-703","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The southern Chinese empire of Eastern Jin, which lost its northern lands in 316, did not lose hope of reclaiming its territories. The East Jin commander Huan Wen undertook three military expeditions to Northern China: the first campaign of 354 (against the northwestern “barbarian” kingdom of the Di clan — Former Qin), the second campaign of 356 (against the rebellious Northern Chinese barbarian general Yao Xiang), and the third campaign of 368 (against the Xianbei kingdom of Former Yan). The purpose of the article was to give a general overview and a brief analysis of the events associated with the three campaigns, as well as to identify the causes and consequences of the victories and defeats of the Chinese side. Materials and methods. The main research methods were historical-genetic, historical-biographical, and historical-geographical analysis of relevant events and personalities. The major source of information about the events associated with Huan Wen’s three campaigns to the North is the official dynastic history “History of the Jin [Dynasty]” (“Jin Shu”), namely the Zaiji section and the Liezhuan biographical section. Results. The unsuccessful outcome of the initially successful campaigns of Huan Wen may be explained by the factional struggle between the capital (Yangzhou) and regional (Jingzhou) groupings of the ruling elite of the Eastern Jin state, as well as the general degradation of the central government apparatus. The crushing defeat of the third northern campaign led to the loss of the territories in Central China previously conquered by the Jin army and the decline of the court career of Huan Wen himself. But his clan remained an influential power in the Jingzhou region.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49384026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"К вопросу о происхождении ламы Цонкапы","authors":"Bair L. Tushinov","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2021-3-416-427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-3-416-427","url":null,"abstract":"In the Mongolian-speaking world, it is widely accepted that Lama Tsongkhapa, the founder of the Gelug school of Buddhism, known for his great contribution to the maintenance and promotion of Buddhist teachings, was an ethnic Mongolian. However, the question of whether there is any factual evidence to support the claim is still open. The present article aims to examine the issue of his Mongolian background and identify the grounds for this widespread opinion. This is of relevance because the issue has not been discussed in detail so far. Both textological and historical methods were used for analysis. The major source for the study was an obscure text written by a prominent Mongolian researcher Chahar-Geshe [Tibetan: cha har dge bshes blo bzang tshul khrims, 1740–1810] «The Life of Tsongkhapa: The Source of All Boons and Fortunes» [Tibetan: tsong kha pa chen po’i rnam thar go sla bar brjod pa bde legs kun gyi ‘byung gnas]; other Tibetan sources were also examined. The article focuses on the data found in the sources that associates with Lama Tsongkhapa’s father and family, place of his birth, etc. Results. The examination of Lama Tsongkhapa’s biography shed useful light on the historical and cultural processes in Inner Asia. The author’s main conclusion is that he may have been an ethnic Mongolian on his father’s side, and the fact may have been of relevance or the promotion of Gelug in Mongolia.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46497531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Безвозвратные потери военнослужащих Красной армии, призванных из Калмыцкой АССР, в период Великой Отечественной войны по данным 1 и 2-го томов Книги «Память. Санл»»: статистический анализ по месту службы и гибели","authors":"Valentina N. Vorobyova","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-713-729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-713-729","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article provides a partial statistical analysis of the database of Red Army servicemen conscripted in the Kalmyk ASSR and later identified as KIAs, DOWs and MIAs During the Great Patriotic War. Goals. The article compiles a database of Red Army conscripts from the Kalmyk ASSR further categorized as ‘fatal casualties’ and attempts a statistical analysis by places of service and death. Materials and methods. The paper examines data borrowed from volumes 1 and 2 of the edition titled ‘Memory. Sanl’. The reconstruction of missing materials on places of service and death involved the use of archival documents available at Pamyat Naroda (People’s Memory) and OBD Memorial online databases. The author employs a wide range of scientific methods, both general scientific and historical ones. The need for statistical analysis results in the wide use of statistical and extrapolation methods. Results. The work shows that both the volumes contain quite a number of inaccuracies in names of geographical objects, errors in military unit numbers, clerical errors in actual dates. Nonetheless, the present compiled and corrected database contains a significant portion of statistical data on places of service and death, and further use of the latter will contribute to the research of a collective portrait of Red Army servicemen conscripted in the Kalmyk ASSR during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48073859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Зөвлөлт, оросын монголч эрдэмтэн П. Балданжаповын монголын түүхийн сурвалж судлалд оруулсан хувь нэмэр (= О вкладе советского, российского ученого П. Б. Балданжапова в изучение монгольских исторических источников)","authors":"Tsolmon Sodnom","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-672-684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-672-684","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In 1958, the Mongolian Academy of Sciences launched the “Monumenta Historica” series, which was to become the main venue of modern historical science in Mongolia for over fifty years of research in the field. Several factors were influential for the series reputation: i) leading Mongolian scholars, as well as scholars outside of Mongolia, worked hard in the country and abroad to collect a large amount of material on Mongolian sources; ii) the Mongolian-Soviet team of scholars published “History of Mongolia”, which contributed to the study of research methods of historical sources; and iii) a large number of sources and scholarly works were published by Russian and Soviet scholars at the time, including such authors as A. M. Pozdneev, Ts. Zh. Zhamtsarano, L. S. Puchkovsky, N. P. Shastina, S. D. Dylykov, etc. whose contribution to the development of the source studies was invaluable. Among these scholars, we would like to single out Purbo B. Baldanzhapov. The present article aims to describe Baldanzhapov’s contribution to the study of Mongolian historical sources. Materials and methods. The main research methods employed for the study were biographical, historical-problematic, and historical-descriptive. Baldanzhapov’s major publications in the field and a wide range of published sources on Mongolian history were the materials selected for the undertaken research. Results. The scholar’s studies were focused on the main sources on the history of Mongolia, such as Galdan’s “Erdeniin Erikhe” (Precious Rosary), “Tsagaan tukhe” (White History), “Altan Tobchi” (Golden History) by Mergen-gegen, etc. He had an excellent command of Mongolian script, perfectly understood the content of the original monuments, and was a master of the source analysis. Baldanzhapov made several visits to Mongolia and during his stays copied many sources, including “Tsagaan tukhe” from the collection in the library of the Gandantegchenlin monastery. Conclusions. Granted a close friendly relationship between Baldanzhapov and the first editor-in-chief of the “Monumenta Historica”, Sh. Natsagdorj, who knew each other since their postgraduate days in Moscow, it may be assumed that the latter’s knowledge of his friend’s research methodology, as well as of Baldanzhapov’s published works had an overall influence on the methodology of publications in the series. Baldanzhapov’s studies of Mongolian sources have not lost their relevance, his elaborate contributions to Mongolian history and written tradition studies have served as a methodological guide for young Mongolian scholars.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46145061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Новые поступления в Научный архив Калмыцкого научного центра РАН: коллекция семьи Зольвановых как источник по истории калмыцкого буддизма","authors":"E. Bakaeva","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2021-3-504-535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-3-504-535","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In 2019, thanks to Dani Savelli, Associate Professor of the University of Toulouse Jean Jaures (Toulouse, France) and Ms. Jacqueline Chasselut, the collection of archival materials of a Kalmyk emigrant family in France was received by the Archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center. The collection contains unique documents testifying to the life of the Kalmyk diaspora abroad. The purpose of the article is to give a general overview of the collection, as well as to examine it as a source on the history of Kalmyk Buddhism. Results.The Zol´vanovs’ collection, now a part of the records of the Archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center includes 66 items, such as photographs and copies of photographs, official and personal letters, postcards, Buddhist texts, and images of Buddhist deities (prints, photographs, and postcards). Thus, despite the relatively small size of the collection, it is an important source as an example of a Kalmyk family abroad both in terms of history of Russian emigration and of Buddhism of the Russian peoples. The article publishes some rare photographs illustrative of the ties between the Kalmyk emigrants settled in different parts of the world, as well as of their interaction with Tibetan monasteries.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47695138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}