Mongolovedenie最新文献

{"title":"Буддийская конфессия в Российской империи во второй половине XIX в.","authors":"T︠s︡. P. Vanchikova","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-95-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-95-114","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The mid-to-late 19th century was witnessing transformations that had begun during the reign of Alexander II, and the former were to affect virtually all aspects of Russian public life — including those relating to the then religious situation. Goals. So, the article attempts analytical insights into religious affairs of Buryats and Kalmyks throughout the mentioned period, examines archival documents and legislative acts of the Russian Government to identify the legal status of the Buddhist Church, reviews some essentials pertaining to control over the Buddhist clergy. Materials and methods. The work considers a variety of archival documents, including statistical data and materials of the First General Census of the Russian Empire of 1897 and the Regulations on Lamaist Clergy (1853). Theoretically and methodologically, the study employs the principles of scientific objectivity and historicism, such general research approaches as structural and systems ones, including methods of historical and religious investigation. The study covers actual historical contexts, describes positions of the Buddhist denomination among Mongolic peoples of Russia, i.e. Buryats and Kalmyks Buddhists, the latter’s legal status, numbers of believers, monks and temples. Special attention is paid to specific features of Kalmyk and Buryat Buddhist communities, their relations with Russia’s authorities in 1855–1897. Results. The completed analysis concludes that in domestic religious affairs the Government was guided not only by confessional issues proper but also by the then foreign policy agenda. The latter factor was directly related to Russia’s economic interests in Asia — the maintenance of the status quo in advantageous trade with China. The examined documents attest to these were primarily aimed at isolating Kalmyks and Buryats from Buddhist centers and hierarchs of Mongolia and Tibet; secondly, at limiting the rapid spread of Buddhism; and thirdly, at establishing control over the Church and regulating economic and administrative activities of Buddhist monasteries. Conclusions. Despite all the restrictions, the examined period in the history of Buddhism across the Russian Empire was characterized by that Buddhist monasteries would consolidate Kalmyk and Buryat peoples and become centers of cultural interaction with neighboring countries and communities. By the late 19th century Buddhism became a remarkable religious and political force that had its impacts on lives of Buryats and Kalmyks — and largely shaped their ethnic identities. As for Buryats, the period was marked by a strengthening of the unified Buddhist church system that grew independent of foreign centers and developed individual governance tools completely concentrated in the hands of a single executive — Pandita Khambo Lama. The Regulations on Kalmyk People’s Governance (1847) established some undivided clerical authority of the Lama of the Kalmyk People over the bulk of the ethnic communit","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49410904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Архивные записи Г. С. Лыткина как источник по этнографии калмыков XIX в.","authors":"Zayana I. Mandzhieva, S. Mirzaeva","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-57-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-57-82","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article examines and introduces into scientific discourse some archival materials of G. S. Lytkin recorded by the latter in Kalmyk Steppe and pertaining to folk medicine, calendar rituals, and ethnography of the mid-to-late nineteenth-century Volga Kalmyks. Goals. So, the paper aims to describe and introduce into scientific circulation some unpublished materials from the library of the Faculty of Asian and African Studies (Manuscript Dept.), St. Petersburg University. Materials. The study examines archival records of G. S. Lytkin stored at the mentioned repository. Results. The tale of a plant referred to as ‘[wild] boar root’ once used by Kalmyks to treat animal and human diseases is of essential interest. The paper publishes an Oirat-language (Clear Script) manuscript titled ‘Caγān sarayin bičiq’ (‘The Writing of [How] Tsagan Sar [Be Celebrated]’) containing a didactic narrative of Lord Buddha’s miracles shown during the first half of the first lunar month for lay Buddhists. Besides, the work tabulates some statistical data on Kharakhuso-Erdnievsky and Baga Tsokhor Districts (Kalm. ulus), including lists of clans (communities) and their zaisangs, tamgas, nomadic areas allotted, etc. The Supplement contains a table compiled by G. S. Lytkin and containing data on clans across eight districts of Kalmyk Steppe.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45573252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"«Серебряный путь» из Европы в Азию: роль Кяхтинского отделения Русско-Китайского банка в экспорте драгоценных металлов в Цинскую империю","authors":"Aldar A. Shirapov, A. M. Plekhanova","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-83-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-83-94","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article deals with exports and imports of precious metals between Russia and the Qing Empire in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Special attention is paid to activities of the Russo-Chinese Bank that established its offices across Russia-Mongolia frontiers for the latter to arrange silver trade with China. Goals. The paper aims to reveal actual causes, conditions and mechanisms of silver transit from Europe to China — and identify the role played by the Russo-Chinese Bank therein. Materials and methods. The study examines statutes and regulations, reports of the Russo-Chinese Bank, and previously unpublished records management and statistical documents stored at the State Archive of Buryatia (Collection of Kyakhta Customs Station and that of Kyakhta-based first-guild merchant M. Nemchinov, respectively). The work employs a number of historical research methods, special emphasis be laid on the principle of historicism and the comprehensive analysis method that have proved instrumental in interrelating the mid-to-late nineteenth and early twentieth century geopolitical events across Asia-Pacific — to the intensification of Russia-China precious metals trade. Results. The paper virtually reconstructs the mechanism developed by the Russo-Chinese Bank in Russia-Mongolia frontier territories to export precious metals from Western Europe to the Qing Empire. Conclusions. The late nineteenth-century weakening of the Qing Empire and subsequent changes in the balance of power across Inner Asia significantly modified the region’s geopolitical agenda. The altered vectors of external policies towards Asia Pacific enabled the Russian Empire to successfully expand its economic presence in China at the turn of the 20th century. The Tsarist government did succeed in holding strong positions in China’s market of precious metals via a specially created ‘tool’ — the Russo-Chinese Bank. The efficient combination of Russia’s smart trade strategies and special customs preferences yielded a highly profitable business of precious metals transit from Europe to China. And it was Kyakhta Office of the Russo-Chinese Bank that played a key role in securing uninterrupted supply of precious metals.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48024480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Улуг битикчи — тюрко-монгольский институт, интегрированный в систему мусульманской администрации чингизидских государств XIII–XIV вв. (по материалам «Дастур ал-катиб»)","authors":"Lenar F. Abzalov, Marat S. Gatin, Ilyas A. Mustakimov, Roman Yu.  Pochekaev","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-8-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-8-28","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article examines a yarliq from the medieval Persian treatise Dastur al-Katib to characterize the institution of ulug bitigchi that used to be widespread in the Mongol Empire and states of Genghis Khan’s descendants. Goals. The study attempts an interdisciplinary analysis of the historical monument — one yarliq appointing an ulug bitigchi (head of scribes) and contained in Dastur al-Katib fi Tayin al-Maratib (A Scribe’s Guide to Determining Ranks) compiled in the mid-14th century by Persian official Muhammad ibn Hindushah Nakhchivani. Materials and methods. The paper focuses on Dastur al-Katib and the mentioned yarliq proper, involves related medieval sources on Mongol Iran and other Chinggisid states, including works by Juvayni, Rashid al-Din, Fasih Khwafi, etc., official documents of the Chinggisid chancelleries. The work employs a series of historical and legal research methods, such as those of source criticism, diplomatics analysis, comparative historical research, formal legal approach, historical legal and comparative legal analyses. Results. The paper introduces the yarliq appointing an ulug bitigchi from the medieval Persian treatise Dastur al-Katib into Russian-language scientific discourse and supplements it with a detailed interdisciplinary analysis. The work clarifies specific features of an ulug bitigchi’s legal status — including his functions, rights, requirements for candidates in Chinggisid chance­lleries — and traces its evolution. It also shows reasons for the survival of the institution in those states even after the official conversion to Islam and shaping of a corresponding government system in accordance with traditions that had existed across the Volga Region, Iran and Central Asia long before the Mongol conquest. Conclusions. The fact that the institution of ulug bitigchi did survive the subsequent Islamization was to primarily position of Ilkhans as heirs of the Mongol Empire where it had first been established as well as to seek a compromised approach in governing their various subjects — nomadic and sedentary peoples, Turko-Mongols and those who spoke Iranian languages, Moslems and adherents of other religions.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136045581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"О «Каталоге книгам рукописным, употребляемым правоверными ойратами» Г. С. Лыткина","authors":"Aisa O. Doleeva","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-40-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-40-56","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Oirat-language (Clear Script) sources have been cataloguized by A. G. Sazykin, V. L. Uspensky, N. S. Yakhontova, K. V. Orlova, D. N. Muzraeva, and others. The Mongolian Collection of the Gorky Scientific Library at St. Petersburg University is a most significant set of Clear Script books and manuscripts. Oirat manuscripts were delivered mainly from Kalmyk-inhabited steppes through the efforts of A. V. Popov, K. F. Golstunsky, A. M. Pozdneev, G. S. Lytkin who would repeatedly arrive in pursuit of scholarly research — to record folklore narratives and collect manuscripts. Goals. The article aims to introduce into scientific circulation a catalog of Oirat manuscripts compiled by G. S. Lytkin (1859–1860) and stored at the Gorky Scientific Library of St. Petersburg University, and attempts to trace correlations between the mentioned list and V. L. Uspensky’s catalogue of Mongolian manuscripts and woodcuts. Materials. The study deals with a total of nineteen Oirat-language sources supplemented with explanations and notes of the compiler. Results. The catalogue of G. S. Lytkin presents both canonical works, including ones translated by Ven. Zaya Pandita, and didactic, narrative, and ritual texts. The study reveals that V. L. Uspensky identifies no collection affiliation for some manuscripts included in G. S. Lytkin’s catalogue, while others are attributed by the former to collections of K. F. Golstunsky, A.V. Popov, A. M. Pozdneev, and Stepanov.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43337679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Республика Бурятия в панораме 100-летия: исторические вехи и достижения","authors":"B. V. Bazarov, A. M. Plekhanova, E. V. Nolev","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-115-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-115-128","url":null,"abstract":"Goals. The article aims to consider some key historical milestones and achievements in Buryatia’s nation-state building for over 100 years. The paper analyzes the conditions for the emergence of Buryat-Mongolian autonomy, and the factors that prompted reorganizations of the Republic’s political structure in the context of changes witnessed in the nationwide political agenda. Special attention is paid to the contribution of the Republic to the Great Victory, certain analytical emphases be laid on present-day challenges, achievements and development prospects. Materials and methods. The work examines unpublished documents stored at the State Archive of the Russian Federation, Russian State Archive of Sociopolitical History, and State Archive of Buryatia. The principles of historicism and consistency prove instrumental enough in reconstructing the process of nation-state building in Buryatia, identifying specific features, and tracing general trends of state development in the Republic’s political life. Results. On 30 May 1923, the Presidium of the All-Russia Central Executive Committee decided to unite Siberian and Far Eastern autonomous domains (oblasts) of Buryat-Mongols into one autonomous socialist Soviet republic centered around the city of Verkhneudinsk. It is then and there that the statehood of Buryat-Mongols — consolidated by a single territory, economic integrity, and historical ties of all resident peoples — was proclaimed. The shaping and rapid development of industries in the Republic, transformations in agriculture, education and health care converted the territory of Buryatia into a strong supporting point that would render every possible assistance to the nation during the Great Patriotic War. The post-war years up to the 1960s and early 1970s became a period of progressive development in all spheres of life. At the all-Union level, merits of the Republic were distinguished with the Order of Lenin (1958), Order of Friendship of Peoples (1972), and Order of the October Revolution (1973). Events of the late 1980s and the subsequent collapse of the USSR served as a test of state viability to the Republic. The economic depression led to an unprecedented deterioration of the social situation which could actually result in a severest interethnic conflict. However, the accumulated experiences of cross-cultural interaction, flexible administrative and managerial systems, high educational and scientific levels of the population, and a unified language environment proved instrumental in neutralizing negative trends and strengthening constructive ones — as part of interethnic dialogue within the new statehood of Russia. Despite the complicated processes of the 1980s–1990s, Buryatia confirmed its loyalty to the principles of federalism and integrity of Russia. Another important milestone was the 1994 adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Buryatia. Over the past hundred years, the Republic has developed as a major political/legal entit","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49073573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Историческая фонетика бурятского языка в русскоязычной документации XVII в. (к постановке проблемы). Часть 1","authors":"V. V. Tishin, B. Nanzatov","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-142-157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-142-157","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. It is in the mid-to-late 18th century at latest that the main phonetic characteristics of Buryat that distinguish the latter from other Mongolic languages — reflected in its western and eastern dialects — took shape. The initial period that had witnessed the formation of these specific elements still remains somewhat unclear. The paper analyzes authentic sources and attempts to show a possibility that the areal phonetic features of Buryat emerged within local population groups of Baikalia as far back as the early-to-mid 17th century. Goals. The article analyzes ethnonyms (and other onyms) relating to the Buryat population and recorded in seventeenth-century Russian-language documents to identify spelling (pronunciation) specificities characteristic of Buryat dialects. Materials and methods. Part One of the study deals with discussions over some general chronology of phonetic changes that have resulted in the shaping of Buryat, and distinguish the latter from other Mongolic languages. The paper examines major related works, analyzes methods and approaches employed by the researchers. Results. Our insights into scholarly publications conclude there is no compromise view on the lower chronological limit that would serve as terminus a quo for Buryat phonetic features. According to some researchers, key processes that fundamentally rebuilt the Buryat consonant system had begun in the 17th century and proceeded to completion by the early 18th century, while others insist those had emerged only in the late 17th century to culminate throughout the 18th century. Conclusions. Scholars that have dealt with Buryat phonetics tended to focus on eighteenth-century linguistic materials and rarely turned to other sources, such as Russian loanwords in Buryat, Mongolian loanwords in Evenki and Yakut, chronological attributions of the latter be further explored in historical contexts of phonetic systems of recipient languages, with due account for actual circumstances of interaction with native speakers of Mongolic languages. The absence of original written sources shall definitely leave these questions unanswered. So, historical linguistics can independently serve as a promising tool for such historical reconstructions.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46878614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"«Вот эти микрорайоны мы же строили...»: город Элиста в устном нарративе","authors":"Altana M. Lidzhieva","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2022-4-747-761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2022-4-747-761","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The article examines oral narratives about construction endeavors across Elista in the 1950s and early 1960s. Goals. The work analyzes narratives of earliest builders as a source to highlight somewhat universal features inherent to accounts of everyday life, feelings and moods associated with the restoration of the city on a specific example of stories narrating about the construction of Elista. This makes it possible to highlight universal elements and emphasize specifics of construction-related oral narratives, such as atypical plots in stories of residential building, features of architecture as a cultural factor, efficiency of use of local construction materials, as well as plans of the Soviet government. For this purpose, microurbanism is used both as a method of the city’s reconstruction and a way of describing its language. Materials. The study investigates field data collected in 2021–2022 in Elista. Results. Insights into oral narratives yield an opportunity, on the one hand, to examine the way of life of earliest builders, their active consumption and (re)construction of urban space marked by certain construction nuances, urban features and local contexts, and, on the other hand, to show the development of oral narrative about the city’s expansion in the 1950s–1960s — its universal and unique properties for microurbanism, and how these specificities are manifested (in what plots and topics).","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45871021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Функциональное назначение некоторых обрядов бурят, посвященных всеобщему благополучию и лучшему перерождению","authors":"Darima S. Zhamsueva","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2022-4-721-731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2022-4-721-731","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Nowadays lay Buddhist rites pertaining to everyday life and dealing with community, group, family, individual and household causes are viable, needed, and productive enough. Goals. The study aims at revealing most stable household / family rites of the Buryats and determining their essentials and features. Methods. Traditional classification and systematization methods have proved instrumental in identifying stable and changeable properties, local features of family / household rites across various Buddhist ethnic groups in Buryatia. The method of comparative historical analysis serves to define the actual processes of preserving and transforming life cycle rites. Those of observation, interview, and interrogation make it possible to characterize the present-day religious consciousness of lay Buddhists and reveal certain changes in traditional Buryat attitudes and customs that emerged due to historical processes to have yielded some formal peculiarities of basic rituals and rites. The paper pays special attention to the revived everyday rite of sangaril. Results. Field data show that cult practices have preserved only what is best remembered without books and experts, i.e. what is familiar since olden times, most common, and requires no high theological qualifications — if there is a significant loss of the bookish tradition, and in the absence of Buddhist ritual experts of Tibetan origin. So, those are everyday rites most closely connected with folk customs and dealing with economic and household needs of believers that prove most persistent. In other words, what is most closely connected with everyday life does survive and exist. Conclusions. Traditional family and everyday rites, such as oboo, sangaril, maani, funeral and Sagaalgan-related ones (New Year), collective worshipping of sahiusan-protectors for family well-being, are currently perceived as folk customs and viewed as integral elements of the original Buryat ethnic tradition. To date, those are religious ideas and beliefs of the public that serve a most characteristic phenomenon in religious life of Burya­tia’s Buddhists, rather than activities of the official clergy. Our observations also attest to that religious efforts of believers tend to increase.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41577195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Количественный анализ сводной базы данных, извлеченных из книг «Память. Санл»: время, место рождения и призыва","authors":"Valentina N. Vorobyova","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2022-4-684-697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2022-4-684-697","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article examines the four volumes of The Memory. Sanl from a quantitative perspective. The edition publishes an annotated list of ca. 34,500 Red Army soldiers and officers largely conscripted in the Kalmyk ASSR — and subsequently classified as KIAs and MIAs between 1941 and 1945. Goals. The paper attempts a quantitative analysis of somewhat consolidated database compiled from Kalmykia’s natives conscripted into the Soviet military forces in 1941–1945 — and contained in the four volumes of The Memory. Sanl. Materials and methods. The wide range of research methods employed includes both general scientific (synthesis, comparison, analysis, etc.) and statistical ones. Results. The insights into the database show the edition comprises quite a number of repetitions, mistakes and inaccuracies — mainly in spellings of personal names — which has required that corresponding corrections and revisions be introduced. The volumes mention a total of 26,458 KIAs and MIAs conscripted in the Kalmyk ASSR, at least half of them having been natives of Kalmykia. Furthermore, the consolidated list includes natives of other regions, primarily the bordering ones — Rostov Oblast, Stalingrad Oblast, and Ordzhonikidze Krai. The analysis by age shows the bulk of KIAs and MIAs from Kalmykia had been born between 1910 and 1924, since the latter were conscripted either prior to the war or during the earliest period when the Red Army was experiencing the severest casualties.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46086949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}