Mongolovedenie最新文献

{"title":"Благопожелание чаю в современной калмыцкой лирике: фольклорный аспект","authors":"Rimma M. Khaninova","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-253-270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-253-270","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article examines the genre of tea well-wishes in contemporary Kalmyk lyric poetry through the prism of folklore tradition. The fact that the theme has been somewhat understudied from the latter perspective makes the work relevant enough. Goals. The article aims to investigate the folklore aspect in Kalmyk poets’ narratives addressing Kalmyk tea. Materials and methods. The paper analyzes related Kalmyk- and Russian-language poems by contemporary Kalmyk poets representing different generations. The study shall examine a number of folklore genres, such as tea well-wishes, proverbs, sayings, and three-part (ternary) poems. The main methods employed are historical-literary, historical-functional, comparative analysis ones, and that of descriptive poetics. Results. In modern Kalmyk lyric poetry, the mentioned genre is represented by a number of poems dealing with ethnic foods. These are texts in Kalmyk and Russian created by poets of different generations — elderly and young ones. In terms of genre, literary tea well-wishes — like the latter’s folklore analogues — largely tend to synthesize different patterns: these often resemble yöräls (well-wishes) and magtals (praises), sometimes — tea well-wishes proper (Kalm. цәәд тәвх йөрәл) and farewell well-wishes (Kalm. хаалhин йөрәл). Conclusions. Tea well-wishes authored by Kalmyk poets describe offerings to ancestors, deities, as well as treats to guests, which reveals the primacy and undeniable significance of tea in rituals, rites, and hospitality. In the folklore tradition, representative texts addressing Kalmyk tea have been created mainly by elderly and middle-aged poets fluent in mother tongue, familiar with oral folklore, customs, rituals, and beliefs of ancestors.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135314632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Место встречи и пространство обмена: роль постсоветского рынка в жизни городского сообщества (на примере г. Элисты)","authors":"Altana M. Lidzhieva","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-223-239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-223-239","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article discusses the place, functions and significance of marketplaces in urban space. Goals. So, the paper particularly aims to consider the place, functions and significance of the marketplace in the public space of Elista. Materials. The study employs the structural-functional method and that of participant observation. Results. The Central Cossack Bazaar is an important resource for the shaping of Elista’s market economy — small and medium-sized businesses. The marketplace has changed essentially through the stages of its existence within boundaries of the urban landscape, and would prove a most suitable place for trade and supply of the population in certain historical periods. Its place in public life formed the function of a common territory and shaped the structure of traffic flows.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135314635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Несколько замечаний о монгольских переводах с тибетского языка","authors":"Anna D. Tsendina","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-271-286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-271-286","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Translations from Tibetan had been of great importance for the making of Mongolian literature. Translation as cultural phenomenon influenced the shaping of standard Mongolian, gave rise to terminological clusters in different spheres of written language, such as philosophy, medicine, astrology, etc. The principles of translation that had emerged in the period of Buddhism’s dissemination in Mongolia still remain instrumental enough in performing translations from other foreign languages. Translations from Tibetan of historical, hagiographical, narrative and other compositions constituted an essential part in the reading agenda of Mongols to further influence the latter’s culture at large. So, Mongolian literature entered the literary zone of northern Buddhism. Goals. The study seeks to raise a question on delineation — with certain frames and peculiarities — of Mongolian national literature. We should also keep in mind that some parts of literature stay beyond this zone and were only partially influenced by the examined phenomenon — historical literature, recorded (and published) epic narratives, folk ritual literature, etc. Results. Our insight into the complex of various traditions demarcates the originality of medieval literature of Mongols. So, translations from the Tibetan language can be considered as a fact of Mongolian culture, as a special feature in the development of Mongolian written traditions — but not as part of Mongolian literature proper.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135314633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"В «образе Другого»: буряты в русской массовой литературе XXI в.","authors":"Sesegma G. Zhambalova, Marina Ts. Tsyrenova","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-240-252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-240-252","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Contemporary Russian popular literature shows a trend to depict non-Russian citizens as minor and negative characters, the malign features proper being often somewhat attributed to race and ethnicity. Goals. The study provides an insight into the image of Buryats in Russian popular literature of the twenty first century, since some of the identified narratives can artificially ignite xenophobia in Russian society. Materials and methods. The article examines a variety of literary and research material, published field data collected by S. Zhambalova and N. Igaue, online sources. The employed methods comprise those of historical imagology and theory of stigmatization. Results. The considered detective novel (Taxi for an Angel) by V. Platova depicts four Buryats and one German as ‘othered’ — secondary and negative characters. Body-related portrayals are adversely supplemented with elements of Buryat mythology, religion, and ethnography. As for the work by I. Stogoff, he articulates therein some negative impressions of his stay in Buryatia. And both the literary compositions are abundant in critical accounts of Buddhism, Buddhists, and Ivolginsky Datsan. Discussion. The examined narratives are distinguished by xenophobia towards Buryats and basically contradict the state of the art, Russia’s Constitution, current nationalities policies of the Government, and may threaten interethnic relations. The bulk of Buryats are Russian citizens successfully integrated into global contexts, and the negative public stigmatization of one indigenous people attests to rudiments of the post-Soviet self-stigmatization of Russia are still there. Conclusions. Both the books are products of early twenty-first-century literature characterized by identity crisis — and bear traces of nationalism and ethnocentrism. Images of the Other attributed to Buryats are toll opinion-based, questionable, and falsify the actual present-day interethnic agenda in Russia. Like other indigenous communities, Buryats are civilized members of the contemporary world, while the manifested stigmas may adversely influence intra-nation harmony. Such publications and nation-wide self-stigmatization in Russian popular literature are definitely inadmissible.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135314627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Несколько замечаний о монгольских переводах с тибетского языка","authors":"Anna D. Tsendina","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-113-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-113-128","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Translations from Tibetan had been of great importance for the making of Mongolian literature. Translation as cultural phenomenon influenced the shaping of standard Mongolian, gave rise to terminological clusters in different spheres of written language, such as philosophy, medicine, astrology, etc. The principles of translation that had emerged in the period of Buddhism’s dissemination in Mongolia still remain instrumental enough in performing translations from other foreign languages. Translations from Tibetan of historical, hagiographical, narrative and other compositions constituted an essential part in the reading agenda of Mongols to further influence the latter’s culture at large. So, Mongolian literature entered the literary zone of northern Buddhism. Goals. The study seeks to raise a question on delineation — with certain frames and peculiarities — of Mongolian national literature. We should also keep in mind that some parts of literature stay beyond this zone and were only partially influenced by the examined phenomenon — historical literature, recorded (and published) epic narratives, folk ritual literature, etc. Results. Our insight into the complex of various traditions demarcates the originality of medieval literature of Mongols. So, translations from the Tibetan language can be considered as a fact of Mongolian culture, as a special feature in the development of Mongolian written traditions — but not as part of Mongolian literature proper.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43800568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"О текстах Манджушри из Научного архива Калмыцкого научного центра РАН (по материалам коллекции Э. Б. Убушиева)","authors":"Deliash N. Muzraeva","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-48-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-48-64","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The study of the pantheon of deities — along with the corpus of related texts once used by Kalmyk Buddhists — is still an underdeveloped field of Oriental studies. The image of bodhisattva Manjushri is a most revered one among Kalmyk followers of Tibetan Buddhism. Goals. The article aims to describe, transliterate and translate a sample narrative reflecting the cult of veneration of the mentioned bodhisattva. Materials. The text is one of the many written sources once donated by E. B. Ubushiev (Agvan Tabdan). Results. The article provides a list of texts dedicated to Manjushri in the Kangyur, in translations authored by Ven. Zaya Pandita Namkhai Jamtso, and also briefly reviews some Manjushri-related texts currently included in Kalmykia’s collections. The completed translation of the Dhāraṇī Sworn by Manjushri, as well as another text to be mentioned (Instructions [Delivered] by Saint Manjushri), may serve as vivid evidence of the reverence this deity of the Buddhist pantheon is granted by the Kalmyks.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42280410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Историческая фонетика бурятского языка в русскоязычной документации XVII в. (к постановке проблемы). Часть 2","authors":"V. V. Tishin, B. Nanzatov","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-129-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-129-146","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. It is in the mid-to-late 18th century at latest that the main phonetic characteristics of Buryat that distinguish the latter from other Mongolic languages — reflected in its western and eastern dialects — took shape. The initial period that had witnessed the formation of these specific elements still remains somewhat unclear. The paper analyzes authentic sources and attempts to show a possibility that the areal phonetic features of Buryat emerged within local population groups of Baikalia as far back as the early-to-mid 17th century. Goals. The article analyzes ethnonyms (and other onyms) relating to the Buryat population and recorded in seventeenth-century Russian-language documents to identify spelling (pronunciation) specificities characteristic of Buryat dialects. Materials and methods. The study examines ethnonyms and personal onyms across Buryat-related historical communities contained in seventeenth-century documents (Rus. otpiski) of Russian servicemen and Cossacks. The work focuses on names traced in two territorial groups of the Buryat population on different banks of the Angara River conventionally be referred to as ‘right-bank Angara territorial group’ and ‘left-bank Angara territorial group’ — regardless of any dialect classification. Results. The conducted analysis attests to that the mentioned period was already characterized by the existence of certain spelling (pronunciation) features within the two identified territorial groups of the Buryat population, the ones to reflect different stages in the development of the Buryat phonetic system. Conclusions. The revealed possibility implying the phonetic features of the Buryat language inherent to different stages of the latter’s development could have already existed as early as the mid-17th century in the population of two wide territorial areas of Baikalia makes it appropriate to outline further prospects of linguistic research to detail developmental chronologies for those phonetic characteristics that eventually led to the shaping of specific features in present-day Buryat.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47912916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Е. А. Стулов в Монголии и для Монголии","authors":"K. V. Orlova","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-8-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-2-8-19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Evgeny A. Stulov (1902–1940) is a remarkable yet still little-known figure who invested extensive and fruitful efforts in Mongolia and for Mongolia. He came from a large peasant family but grew to receive sound training for that time which included real school courses followed by studies at Moscow University (External Affairs Department, Faculty of Social Science). On graduation, he was added to the reserve list of the People’s Commissariat of Foreign Trade (Administrative and Economic Department) to be further employed as economist (since August 1925) at the Chief Department of Tariffs (same Commissariat) — and soon promoted to Secretary of the Committee for Customs and Tariffs (CDT). Stulov’s expertise and competence were manifested in most diverse ways: he was writing scholarly articles, delivering lectures; as Advisor to the MPR Economic Council had to deal with the troubled situation in Arkhangai Aimag; and was in charge of Mongolia’s zoning. Goals. The study describes E. Stulov’s efforts dealing with Mongolia’s zoning, provides data on his articles and lectures. Materials. The paper investigates documents housed at Russian State Archive of the Economy, examines some published sources and scholarly writings. Results. Despite E. Stulov lived a short life (38 years only), his knowledge, competences, and accomplishments made it possible for him to gain a deep and practical understanding of the country and its citizens. As Advisor to the MPR Economic Council, he promptly delved into the circumstances behind the uprising in Arkhangai Aimag — and along with other researchers was further involved in zoning endeavors. Key outcomes of his work were approved and accepted by the Mongolian government. The scope of his activity also included writing of articles and lecturing. Our analysis attests to that he was well familiar with works authored both by predecessors and contemporaries , i.e. then and there we would face a man of individuality and talent who had accumulated good knowledge of Mongolia and actually done a lot for its future.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43438288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Взаимодействие иеромонаха Гурия с Астраханским епархиальным комитетом Православного миссионерского общества (по материалам Государственного архива Астраханской области)","authors":"Andrey A. Kurapov","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-29-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-29-39","url":null,"abstract":"Goals. The article aims to explore some unpublished documents relating to the interaction between Rev. Hieromonk Gury, Associate Professor of the Kazan Theological Academy, and Astrakhan Diocesan Committee of the Orthodox Missionary Society, the former contained in Collection 597 ‘Astrakhan Diocesan Committee of the Missionary Orthodox Society’ (State Archive of Astrakhan Oblast). Materials and methods. The study analyzes a set of archival documents of 1907 narrating about the cooperation between Astrakhan Diocesan Committee and Kazan Theological Academy, including ones describing scientific and teaching endeavors of Rev. Hieromonk Gury. The article employs comparative and historical-descriptive methods of historical research. Results. The paper examines and introduces into scientific circulation a number of documents dated 1907 — a petition by Associate Professor of Kazan Theological Academy hieromonk Gury to Bishop Georgy of Astrakhan, resolution of the Bishop, decision of Astrakhan Diocesan Committee, letter of Hieromonk Gury to Bishop Georgy of Astrakhan, the latter’s appeal to the Committee, and Rev. Gury’s notification confirming the delivery of publications — from Collection 597 of the State Archive of Astrakhan Oblast. The documents are an important historical source on missionary activities of the Russian Orthodox Church in Kalmyk Steppe, interaction between Astrakhan Diocesan Committee and Kazan Theological Academy, and are most instrumental in discovering additional data pertaining to the biography of the prominent Mongolist Rev. Hieromonk Gury.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136045580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"«Язык» леса в информационном пространстве кочевой культуры на примере тюрко-монгольских народов","authors":"Marina M. Sodnompilova","doi":"10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-129-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-129-141","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. After Turko-Mongols inhabited forest landscapes of Siberia, positions of such primordial nomadic occupations as livestock breeding and hunting became somewhat equal. The ambiguous perceptions of forest also resulted in special attitudes towards the latter as an information space. So, in man-forest communication important messages would be articulated via a special ‘language’. Goals. The article attempts insights into this ‘language’ across different traditions of Siberia’s Turko-Mongols, examines diverse means of communicating and interpreting such information in traditional worldviews. Materials and methods. The study analyzes historical and ethnographic data published in works of researchers — ethnographers, historians, linguists, folklore materials. Particular attention is paid to the author’s field observations. The work employs both general research methods (analysis, analogy, etc.), and specifically those of historical science (e.g., historical-comparative one). Results. A surrounding world serves as a complicated information space abundant in various communication channels. Animals, birds, trees, atmospheric and natural phenomena tended to be perceived retransmission units. Conclusions. Man was to develop this information space through all senses. In communication with forest, representatives of the Turkic and Mongolic peoples attached great importance to visual, acoustic, olfactory, and sensory data.","PeriodicalId":33928,"journal":{"name":"Mongolovedenie","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136045582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}