Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components最新文献_第5页

Methodology for Identifying Blunt Flaws Using Ultrasonic In-Service Inspection Data 利用在役超声检测数据识别钝性缺陷的方法

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-85138

M. Jyrkama, M. Pandey, M. Li

引用次数: 0

Value-Based Bayesian Optimization of Preventive Maintenance Programs 基于价值的预防性维修方案贝叶斯优化

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84832

J. Cluever, T. Esselman, S. Harvey

{"title":"Value-Based Bayesian Optimization of Preventive Maintenance Programs","authors":"J. Cluever, T. Esselman, S. Harvey","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84832","url":null,"abstract":"The EPRI Preventive Maintenance Basis Database (PMBD) has become a standard in the industry to develop, validate, or examine the impact of custom changes to maintenance strategies for common power plant equipment. The PMBD provides failure modes and an indication of frequency of occurrence. Recent feedback from PMBD users has made it clear that including a “Cost Module” to work with PMBD data would be a useful addition to the PMBD program and allow users to view the cost impacts associated with alternate custom maintenance strategies. This paper presents a methodology for the merging of maintenance information extracted from PMBD with cost estimates and additional expert-provided reliability data to estimate a maintenance cost distribution. Additional expert information includes missing data and PM type: monitoring, wear-rate reducing (e.g. oil change), or life-restoring (e.g. refurbishment). The cost distribution is calculated via Monte Carlo simulation and is dependent on the PM plan currently considered. Value-based optimization of the PM plan is performed through Bayesian optimization of the mean PM cost by varying the various PM frequencies. Bayesian optimization iteratively uses Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) to fit a non-parametric meta-model to a noisy objective function. As a part of GPR it is necessary to fit a covariance function that describes the spatial correlation or smoothness of the objective cost function. The meta-model with the covariance function effectively produces a built-in sensitivity analysis for the optimization as well.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115173568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction of Erosion Damage in a Choke Valve Working in Severe Slurry Conditions 在恶劣泥浆条件下工作的节流阀冲蚀损伤预测

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84293

S. Malavasi, G. Messa, M. Negri

{"title":"Prediction of Erosion Damage in a Choke Valve Working in Severe Slurry Conditions","authors":"S. Malavasi, G. Messa, M. Negri","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84293","url":null,"abstract":"Wellhead choke valves, frequently used to control oil and gas flow rates from producing wells in the petroleum industry, may experience loss of material due to the impingements of solid particles within the extraction fluids. This phenomenon, called impact erosion, is a serious concern to engineers, as it can result in loss of performance or even failure of the devices. Being capable to identify the valve components which are most vulnerable to impact erosion and provide quantitative estimation of the useful life of the chokes under actual production conditions may open the way to improved design and maintenance. The present contribution focuses on the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics techniques for predicting the impact erosion of a choke valve working in severe slurry conditions. The in-house erosion prediction library E-CODE, developed within the authors’ research group and illustrated in previous works, was employed to model the complex phenomena occurring in the valve. The good agreement between the numerical estimates and the outcomes of a test performed in the Hydraulic Laboratory of Politecnico di Milano indicated that, given the composition of the slurry environment and the operation condition of the valve, it is possible to estimate with reasonable accuracy the erosion characteristics of the device. This will allow gathering useful information for improving the scheduled maintenance of the production systems and the design of heavy-duty equipment.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"os-40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127780207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-Term Operation of BWR RPV and its Internals 沸水堆反应器及其内部装置的长期运行

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84541

O. Cronvall

{"title":"Long-Term Operation of BWR RPV and its Internals","authors":"O. Cronvall","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84541","url":null,"abstract":"This study concerns the long-term operation (LTO) of a boiling water reactor (BWR) reactor pressure vessel (RPV) and its internals. The main parts of this study are: survey on susceptibility to degradation mechanisms, and computational time limited ageing analyses (TLAAs).\u0000 The ageing of nuclear power plants (NPPs) emphasises the need to anticipate the possible degradation mechanisms. The BWR survey on susceptibility to these uses the OL1/OL2 RPVs and significant internals as a pilot project.\u0000 It is not necessary to carry out the TLAAs for all components. Some components were excluded from the TLAAs with a screening process. To do this, it was necessary to determine the component specific load induced stresses, strains and temperature distributions as well as cumulative usage factor (CUF) values.\u0000 For the screened-in components, the TLAAs covered all significant time dependent degradation mechanisms. These include (but are not limited to):\u0000 • irradiation embrittlement,\u0000 • fatigue,\u0000 • stress corrosion cracking (SCC), and\u0000 • irradiation accelerated SCC (IASCC).\u0000 For the components that were screened-in, the potential to brittle, ductile or other degradation was determined. Only some of the most significant cases and results are presented. According to the analysis results, the operational lifetime of the OL1/OL2 RPVs and internals can safely be extended from 40 to 60 years.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127645518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fire Accident Inversion Method Base on STAMP and Topological Network for LNG Depot 基于STAMP和拓扑网络的LNG仓库火灾事故反演方法

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-85113

Hu Jinqiu, Zhang Laibin, Wang Ronghan, Qing-chun Ma

{"title":"Fire Accident Inversion Method Base on STAMP and Topological Network for LNG Depot","authors":"Hu Jinqiu, Zhang Laibin, Wang Ronghan, Qing-chun Ma","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-85113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-85113","url":null,"abstract":"Natural Gas is becoming an important energy source option and the capacity of the world to produce it is surging. Natural gas is usually liquefied for shipping and storage. Fire and explosion are among the most dangerous accidents in facilities at LNG Depot; especially pool fire is the most frequent incidents. At the same time the chain of accidents may lead to extremely severe consequences. In order to avoid such calamity a detail study on accident inversion technology is required to save human lives and prohibit the destruction of LNG Depot. In this thesis a topological network based fire accident inversion method for LNG tank fire accident is proposed. Firstly, analyze the LNG depot with the STAMP/STPA method. Then, the topology model of LNG tank fire inversion is established, and the optimal estimator of the shortest path is proposed according to the weighted edge topological network structure, based on which the fire location can be determined. Case study is applied to a LNG Depot. The results show that the position of the fire source calculated by the proposed method is the same as that of the simulated accident by FDS, which proves the feasibility of the method and provides a basis for reducing the fire losses and preventing accidents of LNG.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"985 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123086606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Temperature Jump Measurement at Stainless Steel and Helium Interface: Application to Used Nuclear Fuel Vacuum Drying Process 不锈钢和氦气界面温度跳变测量:在乏燃料真空干燥过程中的应用

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84848

Cody Zampella, M. Hadj-Nacer, M. Greiner

引用次数: 1

Environmental Risk Analysis of Accidental Release From Onshore Oil Pipelines 陆上输油管道意外泄漏的环境风险分析

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84617

Shengli Liu, Yongtu Liang

{"title":"Environmental Risk Analysis of Accidental Release From Onshore Oil Pipelines","authors":"Shengli Liu, Yongtu Liang","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84617","url":null,"abstract":"Accidental releases of oil and oil products will cause extensive damage to environment, if timely and effective measures are not available. Predicting the consequences of spilled oil is of significant importance for emergency management. Although software for risk assessment of gas pipelines is very popular, few are available for hazardous liquid pipelines, due to the difference in behaviors of accidental releases of gases and liquids in the same situation. The major differences are that the spread of released oil is mainly affected by the topography of the land and may result in pollution of soil or waterways, while gas pipeline failure may form gas clouds or explosions and merely pose environmental pollution problems. An integrated model was developed in order to analyze the environmental consequences of spills from oil pipelines. The method presented in this paper allowed to predict the flow trajectory of released liquid from a pipeline and other relevant parameters, including the extent of spread of the oil and the proportion of release reaching any important location, such as a river, in any given topography. The methodology has been applied to a release, which occurred in Marshall, Michigan, in 2010. The results obtained are of the correct order of magnitude compared with realistic data. A case-study is presented and discussed to illustrate the features of the methodology. The results confirmed that the proposed model may be considered an important tool within a comprehensive approach to the management of risk related to onshore oil pipelines.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129814712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

System and Solenoid Valve Interaction Leading to Spurious Opening 系统与电磁阀相互作用导致误开

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84118

A. Reich

{"title":"System and Solenoid Valve Interaction Leading to Spurious Opening","authors":"A. Reich","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84118","url":null,"abstract":"In a pressurized water reactor the high pressure system vent lines from the pressurizer and reactor are routed to a common header that can be emptied to the refueling water storage tank or a drain tank. During plant testing the valves are operated in the following sequence: the pressurizer isolation valve is opened to pressurize the common header, the pressurizer isolation valve is closed, then the drain tank isolation valve is opened. This sequence of valve operation verifies that the valves open and close properly — opening the pressurizer isolation valve allows steam to enter the common header and is verified by pressure indication via a pressure transducer, and opening the drain tank isolation valve decreases the pressure in the common header and verifies that the pressurizer isolation valve closed properly. During this sequence of valve actuation, the other solenoid valves in the system are subject to transient steam pressures. During one test sequence an isolation valve to the refueling water storage tank indicated that it was not closed for a period of several seconds. Since there is only one pressure transducer in the common header, a systemlevel analysis was performed to obtain a more detailed understanding of the transient pressures in the common header, and how that might affect solenoid valve performance.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133851502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of Reactor’s Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures by Transient Thermo-Mechanical Finite Element Analysis 基于瞬态热-机械有限元分析的反应器启停程序优化

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84123

Sang-Mo Lee, O. Kwon, V. Garcia

{"title":"Optimization of Reactor’s Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures by Transient Thermo-Mechanical Finite Element Analysis","authors":"Sang-Mo Lee, O. Kwon, V. Garcia","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84123","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient refinery start-up and shutdown durations are vital in establishing prolonged productivity in refineries operating hydrotreating reactors. The benefits of efficient start up and shutdown cycles are extensive, and include considerable operational and cost reduction. Reduced start-up and shutdown cycles, however, require increased heating and cooling rates, which cause higher temperature gradients throughout the reactor vessel, consequently leading to higher thermal stresses, which may affect damage mechanisms and limit reactor’s life. The equipment’s OEM has defined guidelines for the reactor heating and cooling during start-up and shutdown cycles and any attempt to reduce the start-up and shutdown duration is usually limited by these guidelines. It is therefore necessary to carry out an engineering assessment to determine the effect of changing the start-up and shutdown procedures beyond the OEM guidelines on reactor’s life.\u0000 Multiple thermo-mechanical Finite Element analyses for a series of different start-up/ shutdown procedures, including the current procedure, were carried out to determine the through-wall thermal gradient and stresses, and identify the most critical locations. In order to estimate convective heat transfer coefficients, Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis was utilized to describe the complex fluid flow behavior of the feedstock in the presence of catalysts and internal geometry features. Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF) was adopted as a main damage mechanism to quantify the damage as a result of the changed operating conditions. It was determined that the LCF life calculated in the reactor vessel’s critical damage locations was found to be sufficiently long with respect to the frequency of start/shutdown cycles, even with operating conditions exceeding the OEM limit. Therefore, alternative guidelines were suggested to achieve the time reduction in startup/shutdown operation by increasing ramp rates without compromising structural integrity of the vessel.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133865584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discussion on Rules of Inspection and Type Test for Imported Pressure Piping Valves in China 中国进口压力管道阀门检验型式试验规程的探讨

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84208

Lu-yun Zhou, M. Fu, Wei-pu Xu

引用次数: 0