Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Structural Honeycomb Sensitivity to Filler Metal Reinforcement","authors":"J. Flach, P. Blanton","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-94070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-94070","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Structural honeycomb is widely used as both an impact limiter and rigid structural support in applications which require a high specific strength and highly characterized energy absorption profile. Structural honeycomb is an anisotropic material with limited strength in directions perpendicular to the cells and features mechanical properties that are largely driven by the materials of construction and structure density. As a result, the mechanical properties of honeycomb are sensitive to the specific geometry, orientation, and reinforcement of the honeycomb structure. This study evaluates the effects of these characteristics on stainless steel structural honeycomb to account for the complex loading conditions experienced during radioactive material package regulatory testing. This material is intended for use in applications where organically bonded honeycomb cannot be used.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124933204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in the Presence of Fine-Grain Sand","authors":"Yuchuan Chen, B. Shi, Lan Wenping, Fang-fang Huang, Shunkang Fu, H. Yao, J. Gong","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93200","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 During the solid fluidization exploitation of shallow non-diagenetic NGHs (Natural Gas Hydrates) in the deep-water, hydrates together with mineral sand, natural gas, seawater and drilling fluids flow in the production pipeline. Natural gas released from hydrates during the process of solid fluidization will reform hydrates under the suitable conditions. Therefore, research on the formation and dissociation of methane hydrates in the presence of fine-grain sands is of great significance for ensuring the flow assurance of solid fluidization exploitation of shallow non-diagenetic NGHs in the deep-water field. In this paper, a high-pressure autoclave was used to carry out the experiments of hydrate formation and dissociation under different initial pressures and particle sizes of the fine-grain sand, for investigating into the hydrate induction time, formation amount, rate and dissociation affected by the presence of the fine-grain sand. Results indicated that hydrate formation kinetics in the presence of fine-grain sand was supposed to be also affected by mass/heat transfer, thermodynamics and kinetics. The fine-grain sand would be dispersed in the water phase under the effect of buoyancy, gravity and shearing force. Besides, the fine-grain sand at the gas-water interface would hinder the mass transfer of the methane gas into the water, inhibiting the nucleation of the hydrates, which was more obviously at the lower pressure. When the driving force for hydrate formation was larger, hydrate formation amount increased with the decrease of the particle size of the fine-grain sand. However, hydrate formation amount decreased with the decrease of the particle size of the fine-grain sand when the driving force for hydrate formation was lower. The average growth rate in the presence of fine-grain sand with 2.9 μm was larger than that of 9.9 μm. However, hydrates grew rapidly and subsequently tended to grow at a lower rate in the presence of fine-grain sand with 2.9 μm at 8.0 MPa initial pressure, which was assumed to be affected by the unconverted water wrapped inside the hydrate shell. The changing trends of gas emission during the dissociation process between the sand-containing system and the pure water system were nearly the same. The amount of gas emission reached a peak value within 15 minutes and then tended to stabilize. The difference in the amount of gas emission mainly depended on the formation amount before hydrate dissociation. Hydrates grew rapidly once methane hydrates nucleated in the presence of the fine-grain sand at the lower pressure, which would increase the plugging risk during the process of the solid fluidization exploitation. Further study of the fine-grain sand on flow assurance during hydrate dissociation process should be done in the future. The results of this paper provided an important theoretical basis and technical support for reducing the risk in the process of the solid fluidization exploitation of shallow non-diageneti","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116552650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing of a Non-Cylindrical Vacuum Vessel","authors":"A. Reich, Geoffrey F. Chew, D. May","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93412","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Most vacuum vessels are bodies of revolution that are cylindrical or spherical. A square vacuum vessel was developed for a specialized application that needed to be suitable for repeated, rapid sealing and unsealing, and operation at mild vacuum (∼0.5 bara). This paper discusses the challenges that we faced in fabrication and testing of the vacuum vessel. The vacuum vessel was initially tested in a test rig. A second set of challenges was encountered when the vessel was tested mounted in the system. It captures the lessons learned from fabrication, rework, and modifications that were necessary to get the vessel to pass leakage testing.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130473466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application of NUPACK to the Design of a Type B Packaging Containment Vessel","authors":"Kathryn Karius, K. Eberl, C. Mckeel, G. Abramczyk","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-94071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-94071","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) Section III Division 3 (commonly referred to as NUPACK) was issued in 1997 to address the containments of nuclear transportation packagings. Previously, Section III consisted of only 2 divisions that address the construction of nuclear facility components: Division 1 for metal construction and Division 2 for concrete construction. Type B packagings have historically been designed to Division 1 standards. This paper discusses the application of NUPACK to the design of a Type B packaging containment vessel.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132145589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Asset Integrity and Safe Operations at the Bahrain Petroleum Company: Operational Assets in Unfenced/Unmanned Areas","authors":"Aby K. Thomas","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93190","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Managing operational assets outside the Refinery, in unfenced/unmanned areas is of paramount importance for the successful and safe operations of the company. Operational assets include gas, oil and utility pipelines, distribution and metering stations, valve stations, power distribution cables and such other assets. These assets are ‘on land’ inside populated urban areas, desert locations and sub-sea installations. Primarily, company’s operational assets are protected by constant patrolling by the nation’s public security agencies and also by the company security department. However risks to the company’s operational assets arise from Contractors engaged by the company to perform any work on the asset or near the asset or other agencies including ministries or utility companies or authorities engaging their Contractors in carrying out new installation or maintenance work of their own assets located in and around company assets. In the context of Bahrain as a nation, the oil and gas industry contributes substantially to the economy and hence it is very important that all necessary processes are established to protect operational assets. When work is performed by Contractors not directly within operational control i.e. taking place in remote, normally unmanned or minimally manned facilities the inherent risk is high and has to be managed through legally mandated processes.\u0000 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS: Bapco has an established ‘Process Safety Management’ (PSM) system accepted and implemented in the company. The ‘Safe Work Permit’ system is a very critical control system/measure to ensure Contractor compliance when performing any work. Coupled with the effectiveness of PSM and Contractor Safety process the Government of Bahrain mandated legally binding process of the ‘Wayleave’ system along with other processes such as Planning Permission, helps in enforcing control of company’s operational assets in company’s unfenced or remote areas with minimal or no manning. A procedure for ‘Processing of Planning Permissions and Wayleave pertaining to BAPCO’s Unfenced Areas’ has been developed based on engineering design requirements basis international design codes and best professional practices. Details of these practices will be described and illustrated in the detailed presentation.\u0000 PRESENTATION/CONCLUSION: Bapco has over the past years developed procedures and processes to manage operational assets/ areas within the Oil and Gas Fields, Oil transmission pipelines and the ‘Right-of-Way’, Gas Distribution Network and the ‘Right-of-Way’, Refinery, Tank Farms and its own Shipping Wharf Operations in keeping with the highest engineering standards, safety and quality requirements. Purpose of this presentation is to list and explain the adaptation of these procedures and processes coupled with pragmatic solutions that forms the basic architecture that aids in controlling the safety and operability of assets in ‘Unfenced/ unmanned Operating Areas’. This e","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114903667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Design and Analysis of a Containment Vacuum and Pressure Vessel System","authors":"J. Bernardin, David A. Hathcoat, D. Sattler, D. Spernjak, E. Swensen, Anna Llobet Megias","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93757","url":null,"abstract":"A nested confinement (inner) and containment (outer) vessel system is under development to conduct small shock-physics experiments in a high-speed proton imaging facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The dual vessel system is necessary to serve as a qualified confinement system and containment buffer boundary between a high explosives experiment and the environment.\u0000 The paper describes the preliminary engineering design and analyses that have been performed on the outer containment pressure vessel, following ASME BPVC Sect. VIII Div. 1, for both pressure and vacuum conditions. Other engineering attributes which will be presented include an internal support structure for a nested inner vessel, an external integrated support and alignment structure for the complete vessel system, and the vacuum and gas handling equipment.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"407 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123652923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of the Cause-Effect Relationship of Incidents Occurred in Tank Farm Based on the Method of Logistic Regression","authors":"Xingguang Wu, Lei Hou, Zhuang Wu","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93328","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A large number of incidents occurred in the petrochemical industry due to the continuous accumulation and frequent transfer of dangerous substances. For these historical incident data, a lot of efforts have been made to analyze how and why incidents occurred by use of descriptive statistics, while scarce work was done to in-depth explore the performance characteristics of the causal factors related to different types of incidents. This paper focuses on the relative importance of different causal factors for different types of incidents. A total of 1144 incidents related to tank farms of China during the period 1960–2018 were collected and classified with regard to the intuitive consequences of incidents (fire & explosion, material loss, quality variations, equipment damage and personnel harm) and whether the domino effect was involved (domino incidents and non-domino incidents). The causal factors were classified into five major categories and subdivided into fifteen subcategories. The interaction analysis of each factor with the specific consequence type was performed. The method of logistic regression was used to quantify the relative probability of different causal factors for different types of incidents and to determine which factors have a significant effect on triggering the domino incidents. It is found that human factors and organization/management factors were more common causal factors to lead to different consequences, and the same causal factor has distinct effects on the probability of occurrence for different types of incidents. The results highlight the more critical risk factors for each type of incident and the method can be applied to provide guidance on incident prevention and safety protection.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"282 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130800650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boron Injection Tank Repair at Indian Point Unit 3","authors":"D. Crane","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93449","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the Fall of 2018 Westinghouse designed a welded plug to repair a leak around a previously capped nozzle in the Boron Injection Tank at Indian Point Unit 3. The leak was caused by weld cracking around the nozzle. In order to complete the repair, the existing nozzle and weld needed to be removed by boring into the tank so that a custom plug could be installed. Due to site procedures, welding could not be performed inside the tank, so a single weld on the outside of the tank needed to be designed to meet ASME B&PV Code, Section III requirements. In addition, the tank was manufactured from carbon steel with a stainless steel cladding, so future corrosion of the carbon steel needed to be assessed. The leak was an outage related incident, which required the design to be expedited. This paper will discuss the technical challenges in designing the welded plug to meet the site and code requirements.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122891670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Analysis of the 9975 Package Used for Long Term Nuclear Material Storage","authors":"D. Tamburello, M. Kesterson, S. Hensel","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93058","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The 9975 is a double containment shipping package used to transport plutonium bearing materials for the US Department of Energy. The 9975 is also used for long term storage of plutonium bearing materials at the Savannah River Site. The package utilizes a fiberboard overpack to protect against fire and impact events. The 9975 has been shown to maintain containment during a hypothetical facility accident fire even though the facility fire is hotter and longer than the regulatory transportation fire. Fiberboard aging and degradation has been investigated using both laboratory and field surveillance data. This information is used to evaluate an aged 9975 used for nuclear material storage. Variations in fiberboard thermal properties due to aging were shown to have modest effects on the maximum component temperatures, while the package geometry variations due to aging and degradation have a larger effect on the maximum component temperatures. Specifically, the air gap between the upper fiberboard assembly and the drum lid increases during storage due to the deterioration of the lower fiberboard assembly and slumping of the package containment vessel. A limiting air gap distance has been determined via thermal fire analysis, which may be used to estimate a storage life.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128566421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vibration Assessment of Thermowells","authors":"P. Prasad, S. Poddar, Finlay Casey","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93467","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 ASME PTC 19.3 2016 code does not provide clear guideline on how to deal with the vibration problems of existing thermowells that are currently in operation and may be operating near inline or transverse vibration zone.\u0000 While the code allows passing through the in-line vibration zone, it prohibits operation completely in transverse vibration due to lock-in phenomenon. Once lock-in occurs, the thermowell gets into resonance and in the absence of adequate damping in the system, the thermowell vibration amplitude would keep on building with every cycle till eventual failure. It was identified that several operating assets had thermowells operating in the prohibited zone as per ASME PTC 19.3 and were facing a greater process safety risk.\u0000 Damping though difficult to predict, plays very crucial role in amplitude when thermowell is operated in critical zone i.e. within 20% of natural frequency. Hence it is very important to estimate the damping factor. ASME PTC 19.3 2016 have suggested conservative damping factor (ζ) of 0.0005 based on the lab studies. The test set-up assumes the piping system as rigid component, whereas, in the field piping systems are flexible. Using a conservative damping in the stress calculations leads to a high fictitious stress indicating failure of the thermowell.\u0000 In the present paper, a method is suggested to quantify the damping in the system by utilizing actual site vibration measurement of thermowell in the finite element analysis and thus a more realistic assessment of the stresses in the thermowell can be made. This assessment presented a much larger damping present in the system than ASME suggested and led asset to continue operate the plant with no risk of unplanned downtime as well as technical integrity of equipment. The results are presented for one sample thermowells.","PeriodicalId":339189,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130099409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}