Central African Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Dermatophytes Co-Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Patients","authors":"Abba Moses Audu, O. J. Otorkpa, Odama Lillian Eniola","doi":"10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.18","url":null,"abstract":"The syndemic interaction between the Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV) and opportunistic infections can have far reaching consequences on a person’s health. HIV associated dermatophytic infections result in extensive skin lesions which can be difficult to treatdue to poor response to conventional antifungal therapy. HIV- associated tuberculosis especially also contributed substantially to the burden of tuberculosis-associated morbidity and mortality. The Aim of this research was to study the co-infection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and dermatophytosis in a HIV positive population visiting the HIV clinics in some hospitals around Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria. Skin scrap samples were collected from nine hundred and seventy six (976) HIV positive persons within six (6) months for analysis. Out of these, 56 patients had dermatophytes infection, the skin leisons and skin scrap samples were further analyzed to identify the dermatophytes. Descriptive analysis, Student T tests and one way ANOVA were carried out to understand the various relationships. Most patient presented to the clinic with cough, fever, weight loss and multiple symptoms, and with CD4 values less than 200cells /ul and substantially between 200-349 cells/µl and 350-499cells/µl. The Predominant age of patients with HIV co-infected with tuberculosis and dermatophytosis was between 25-34 years and 35-44 years respectively. Dermatophytes were mostly found in patients with CD4 values which were equal or lower than 200 cells/µl irrespective of their age group. The predominant dermatophyte was Trichophyton species with Trichophyton tonsurans being the commonest species isolated followed by Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton gallinae. The finding of this study revealed that the prevalence of HIV infection led to higher progression rate of 10% active tuberculosis. It also revealed that Trichophyton species were the predominant dermatophytes in the environment with Trichophyton tonsurans being the most common isolate. Most patients visiting the hospital were already in the stage II and III of HIV infection in this area and the most common opportunistic infection is Tuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115756742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professionalisation of Program Evaluation in Africa: An Imperative for Effectiveness and Accountability for Public Policy","authors":"T. M. Agonnoude, Sègbegnon David Houeto, Gbenoukpo Sebastien Zannou, Maxime Agbo, L. Béhanzin, C. Houehanou","doi":"10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.16","url":null,"abstract":"Program evaluation is an applied science which importance for accountability, efficacy and effectiveness of public policies makes consensus among scientific researchers. So, in developed countries, especially North America’ ones, it is a professional domain with professional associations, standards of practices and development of tools nurturing and improving continuously practices. The goal of this paper is to show that in French speaking African countries, inexistence or bad functioning of a formal frame of exercise and development of the practice impede the evaluation findings to achieve maximum credibility and acceptance. In fact, in most African French-speaking countries like Benin, amateurism is standard gold. Program evaluation in this context is practiced by managers and technocratic civil servants for all sectors who, with their specific experience in their domain, think they were able to judge program in implementation. So, in these conditions of inexistence of formal training in evaluation and standards of practices, the evaluation practice is marked by defects like unrespect of evaluators ‘independence, the glaring conflict of interest, the low rate of evaluation findings utilization, and so one. This result is so evident in Benin because, we know the non-professionalization of a sensitive domain, like education in program evaluation, can lead to disastrous consequences. So, it is urgent that improving evaluation quality and credibility needs a setup of formal framework of practice with qualified trainings, continuous trainings and experiences sharing and to setup standards of practices. The contribution of the most developed program evaluation communities of North America especially those of Canada would bewelcome.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"326 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122634360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Patients Visiting Outpatient Urology Clinic in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"E. Ozah, E. Irekpita","doi":"10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The coronavirus pandemic had a major impact on health care service delivery globally. Work force in the health care sector and resources were focused on the critically ill from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) following the huge number of patients contracting this rapidly spreading virus. All medical specialties not directly involved in treatment of COVID-19 witnessed interruption in services, urologic care was not spared. Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of coronavirus Disease -19 (COVID-19) on patients visiting urology outpatient clinic at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. Methods: It was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted to assess impact of COVID-19 on patients visiting outpatient urology clinic. All consecutive patients aged 18 years and above who consented were recruited. Continuous data like age were presented in mean and standard deviation, while categorical data were presented in percentages. Association between dependent and independent variables were determined using Pearson chi square or fisher’s exact where appropriate while predictors of impact were assessed using multivariate logistic regression. P-value set as ˂0.05. Results: A total of 154 respondents participated. Mean age was 61.9 years. Males constitute 90.3% of respondent. Only 6% of participants felt negative impact of COVID-19 on urology care. Age of respondent was the only determinant of impact of COVID-19 (p-value=0.014). There were no predictors of impact amongst socio demographic characteristics in a multivariate logistic regression. In the study 48.1%, 16.2% and 12.3% of participants suggested the use of phone calls, home visits and telemedicine as means of consultation to improve outpatient urology care and reduce the spread of COVID-19. Conclusions: The impact of COVID-19 on outpatients urology care was minimal at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. Age was a determinant of impact. Improvement in access to telemedicine and phone calls were suggested as measures to further improve urology care while efforts are put in place to prevent spread of disease and achieve cure during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123773209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors for Development of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Among HIV Positive Pregnant Women in Jos, Nigeria","authors":"T. Oyebode, G. Imade, Isichei O. Christian, T. Afolaranmi, H. Sule, J. Musa, S. Sagay, P. Okonkwo, D. Kyriacou, C. Achenbach, P. Kanki","doi":"10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.14","url":null,"abstract":"The Human Immunodeficiency Virus pandemic is negatively affecting the reproductive health of women in Nigeria. It is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially where secondary infections exist. Studies document that HIV positive women are prone to reproductive and urinary tract infections, and due to physiologic changes in pregnancy, there is higher incidence of urinary infections among pregnant women, with or without symptoms. This prospective cohort study investigates for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy among HIV seropositive women, to identify if HIV positivity confers additional risks for occurrence. We recruited 119 pregnant HIV positive women and 152 HIV negative controls from Jos University teaching hospital and Faith Alive hospital in Jos, Nigeria and screened for asymptomatic bacteriuria. Bacteriuria was confirmed when two separate urine samples, in the same woman, showed presence of 105 CFU/ml (100,000 organisms) of same species. Laboratory personnel performing tests were unaware of participants HIV status. Antibiotic sensitivity were determined and participants were followed-up/evaluated for features of pyelonephritis throughout antenatal care. Prevalence was determined and analysis to determine if HIV positivity conferred risks. There were 22 women with confirmed bacteriuria, with prevalence of 8.1% among all participants, with 9.4% (14) among HIV Negative cohort and 6.8% (8) of HIV positive women. HIV status, demography and previous pyelonephritis/UTI were not statistically associated with development of asymptomatic bacteriuria. Two women with medical conditions (Diabetes and Sickle cell disease) had confirmed bacteriuria, but numbers were insufficient to deduce an association. Staphylococcus aureus predominated (78.6%) among HIV negative, while for HIV positive women, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus each affected 44.4%. Antibiotic sensitivity favoured Cefuroxime in both HIV positive and negative women, but organisms were resistant to penicillins and Nitrofurantoin. Treatment was not possible because of antibiotics cost and/or unwillingness of participants to receive treatment for an asymptomatic condition. Analysis of the HIV positive cohort showed no further conferment of risk by CD4 counts, viral load, duration of HIV positivity, the anti-retroviral drug type/class or duration/adherence to ARVs. No woman with CD4 count >500 cells/mm3 developed asymptomatic bacteriuria but there was no statistical association. Similarly, women who had undetectable viral load had lower bacteriuria rates, while women with high viral load had higher rates of asymptomatic bacteriuria, but this was only significant when analysis was performed using the logarithm of viral load.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133767800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiological Profile of Patients with COVID-19 at the LOMO Medical Center","authors":"B. L. Mbenza, A. Nkodila, E. L. Luila, Christophe Mambueni Thamba, G. Longo, Hervé Alex Tukadila Kabangi, S. Malenga, I. Djuikoue, Etienne Mokondjimabe","doi":"10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim: COVID-19 is a public health problem but radiological data are still absent in developing countries. The aim of the study was to determine preliminary data from patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at the LOMO Medical Center during the first and second waves. Methods: Cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out in 83 patients with COVID-19 at the Lomo Medical Center in Limete during the period from March 19, 2020 to January 24, 2021. The clinical and radiological characteristics were studied. Results: The sample of our study is predominantly male (55%) over women (45%), resulting in a sex ratio of 1.2 (M/F). The results obtained from VS and D-dimer show high mean values in patients whose COVID-19 is confirmed positive but low in those from whom it is suspected/absent. The difference in means is statistically significant (p<0.05), the COVID-19 status was confirmed in 21.5% of cases in men against 17.1% of cases in women; the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.159). He noted that interstitial lung disease and cardiomegaly were correlated with COVID 19 status (p<0.05). Conclusion: The main target of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is the lung, but multisystem involvement is possible.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117145975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test in Asymptomatic Malaria Cases in Stable Transmission Area in Kisantu, Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Gillon Ilombe, Sylvie Linsuke, A. Lulebo, J. Likwela, P. Mutombo, P. Lutumba, Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden Rika Matangila, J. Matangila","doi":"10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Democratic Republic of Congo has shifted from pan test to mono-specific malaria RDT tests. A new Histidine rich protein 2 (HRP2)-based Rapid Diagnostic Tests for malaria diagnosis was then implemented. Objective: This study evaluated the performances of this new diagnostic tool compared to the thick smear as the gold standard. Method: The study was conducted in Kisantu Health zone in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) where malaria is known as endemic disease. Asymptomatic children aged between 0 and 10 years were included in the study. Malaria tests such as Rapid Diagnostic test (RDT) and blood smear were perform in all enrolled children. Blood smear was considered as a reference test. In the performance analysis, only thick positive smears confirmed as Pf by thin smear were considered positive in calculation. The sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of CareStart Malaria Pf (HRP-2) RTD Ag compared to the thick smear. Result: The prevalence of malaria infection was 78.3% and 14.7% using rapid diagnostic test and thick blood smear, respectively. Considering the gold standard, proportion of false positives was 77.5%. The Sensitivity was 83.1% (CI95%: 72.4-94.9) and specificity was 22.5% (CI95%: 20.2-25.0). The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) was 15.2% and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) was 88.9%. It appears that the HRP2-based test presently used in the Democratic Republic of Congo over estimates malaria infections. Conclusion: CareStart Malaria Pf (HRP-2) RTD Ag, currently in use in the DRC detects a very high proportion of false positives. Those children falsely positive were subject to be treated unnecessarily. Therefore, there is need of adapting the choice of RDT for malaria policy accordingly.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127201974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defaulters of Tuberculosis Treatment Among MDR-TB Patients Attended in Forlanini/Lazaretto Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia","authors":"A. Hussein, Omar Dahir, Abdirisak Ahmed, Gallad Dahir Hassan, Samio Mohamud","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health issue, it’s one of the oldest diseases known to affect humans which remains one of the highest leading of mortality worldwide. The main purpose of this study was to assess the factors which influencing to non-adherence TB- Treatment (Defaulters) among TB patient at Forlanini/Lazaretto Hospital-Mogadishu-Somalia. Methodology: - descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted among patients who were not-adhered their medication attending TBMUs (FORLANINI/LAZARETITO Hospital-Mogadishu-Somalia)-from March to May 2019. A total of 103 defaulters were the respondents during the study period by using non-probability convenient sampling method. Data were collected by using structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used using SPSS version 20 statistical software. The data were showed tables, figures and graphs for describing the data. Results: This study shades light on the defaulters of tuberculosis treatment among TB patients and it shows that the male population are the most people among the population who fail to complete the TB course of medication treatment with a percentage of 79.6% and women are recorded having much less percentage of defaulting TB medication with a percentage of 20.4%. In terms of education, those who have never been to school and the secondary level are least likely to default the medication with a percentage 12.6% each, followed post graduate level with 16.5% and university level having a percentage of 19.4%. The most likely patients that can default TB medication are the primary level population with a percentage of 38.8%the unemployed and the employed population have slight difference in the percentage of people who defaults the medication of TB with 32.0% and 30.1% respectively. The mothers who are housewives have a percentage of 16.5% and finally the employers have a percentage of 21.4% TB medical treatment defaults. Conclusion: the study concluded and recommended that there are urgent needs for continuous and effective health education for the patients and their families and social support when starting the medications to ensure adherence and compliance to anti tuberculosis drug as well as regular monitoring, counseling and follow-up with the patients and access to drugs and health care centers.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131186958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Risk Factors for Major Non-communicable Diseases in Two Hospitals in Dakar (Senegal) in 2018","authors":"O. Bassoum, P. Traore, J. Tine, C. Mbow, N. Sougou, A. Diallo, F. B. Diongue, A. Diop, K. Niang, M. Leyé, A. Faye, I. Seck","doi":"10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CAJPH.20210704.11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The development of non-communicable diseases is supported by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. In both primary prevention and secondary prevention, the possibility of action remains possible for individual modifiable risk factors. This study on the frequencies of individual and modifiable risk factors of a behavioral and metabolic nature within the population of patients accommodated in the services of the population is in order to carry out preventive actions on the major non-communicable diseases of vulnerable populations. hospitality and emergency services were carried out in Senegal. Methods: The framework of the study was the reception and emergency services of the hospital of Pikine and the hospital of Dakar. It was an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study. The study period was from January 25 to March 5, 2018. The source population consisted of patients over 18 years of age and not pregnant, who were seen in consultation in both services and who gave their free and informed consent for participate in the survey. The data collection tool was based on the WHO STEPwise survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered during a face-to-face interview with each patient. The data was collected confidentially with strict respect for the privacy of the participant. Results: The study involved 615 patients 53.7% at the main hospital in Dakar and 46.3% at the Pikine hospital. The proportion of active smoking was 12%. The share of current alcohol consumption is 7.8% and daily consumption concerns 8.3% of these current drinkers. Regarding abdominal obesity, 55.5% of women had a waist size corresponding to a high risk against 10.2% of men. Insufficient physical activity and insufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables were the most common comorbidities. For blood pressure values, 38.9% of patients had blood pressure values above 140 mmhg / 90 mmhg and for random blood sugar values, 10.5% of patients had random blood sugar values above 2 g / l with signs of hyperglycemia. Finally, 40.4% of our patients declared that they had never controlled their blood sugar in their life and 32.2% declared that they had never had their blood pressure controlled in their life. Conclusion: The measurement of glycemia, blood pressure and BMI must be systematic for all patients seen in the emergency departments, whatever the reason for their visit. They should also continue their efforts to develop public spaces for sport and to make fruit and vegetables more accessible to the community.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116000792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Characteristics of Hand-Dug Wells and Boreholes Water Quality of the Vina Division, Cameroon","authors":"S. P. Fodouop, S. F. Nodem, Larissa Nsuh, Patrice Kamga Bogne, Guide Lonang Djomsi, Hierry Marcel Ntsamo Beumo, Didiane Yemele Mefokou","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Limited access to safe drinking water and lack of information on water quality in the sub-urban and rural regions of Cameroon has contributed to regular outbreaks of diarrheal diseases. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the bacteriological quality of drinking water in the Vina division. Methods: A total of 193 water samples were collected from unprotected boreholes, unprotected wells and unprotected clay pots and analyzed physico-chemically including pH, turbidity, total dissolved solid, conductivity and microbiologically such as enumeration of Enterococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp. and Vibrio sp using standard methods. This study revealed that safe status of the groundwater sources in the Vina division is very poor, considering the high levels of E.coli, Enterococcus sp. and the presence of enter pathogens microorganism such as Vibrio sp., Salmonella sp. and Shigella sp. Representative isolates (26) based on biochemical profile were selected for antibio resistance profile. All selected bacteria exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance at least for five antibiotics including ampicillin, amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid, amoxicillin, penicillin, erythromycin. Conclusion: This study suggests that drinking water available in Vina division of Cameroon lead to a substantial risk to public health. It is therefore necessary to developed strategies for protection of areas around drinking water supplies site. Further studies are therefore needed to assess the prevalence of water borne diseases in Vina division.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124589082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Determinants of Female Genital Mutilation Practices in Senegal: A Secondary Analysis of the 2018 DHS","authors":"N. Sougou, J. Diouf, O. Bassoum, I. Seck","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.15","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as female genital cutting or circumcision, threatens the health and well-being of millions of girls, women, and their children around the world. In Senegal, FGM practices persist despite numerous interventions. This study aims to analyze the determinants of FGM in Senegal. Methods: This article uses data from the 2018 Senegal Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), a nationally representative survey of 9413 women aged 15-49 years. In the descriptive analysis, variables were presented in terms of frequency and percentage of data. The significance level was set at 5, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used. Variables with p values less than 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were selected for multivariate analysis. The dependent variable was a composite variable generated from 3 DHS variables that described the types of post-FGM genital lesions that exist in women. The analysis was performed using STATA/SE 17. Results: The prevalence of FGM is 17.14%. Eleven-point fifty-two percent (11.52%) or 999 women believe that FGM is a religiously recommended practice. Ninety-nine percent (993) of these women were Muslim (p=0.0017). Fifteen-point thirty-nine percent (15.39%) or 1,334 women think it is a practice that should continue to be practiced and 80.59% (or 6,988 women) think it should be stopped. The protective factors for the occurrence of FGM were female empowerment (high level of education of the woman (primary ajOR=0.64 [0.50-0.83] and secondary ajOR=0.43 [0.32, 0.57]) and the fact that the head of the family was a woman ajOR (0.75 [0.59-0.97]); belonging to the central region of Senegal (Diourbel, Kaolack, Thies, Louga and Fatcick) and Christian religion (ajOr=0.05 [0.02-0.13]). The risk factors for female genital mutilation in Senegal were ethnicity and belonging to certain regions in the northeast and southeast of Senegal (Tambacounda, Matam, Kedougou). Conclusion: This study showed that FGM practices are still persistent in Senegal. This study underlined that the empowerment of women would allow the fight against FGM. Health interventions should be multisectoral, involving the education sectors with a strong investment in girls' education and retention.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116703692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}