Central African Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Profile of Homosexuals, Bisexuals, and Transgender People in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Michael Kamuanga, Jean-Pierre Lubaki, Patrick Ngangu, A. Natuhoyila, Ernest Kiswaya, Philippe Ngwala","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20241002.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20241002.15","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Introduction</i>: It has been established that homosexuality plays a considerable role in the persistence of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections, but data related to their extent remains paradoxically fragmentary. <i>Objectives</i>: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of viral infection (Human Immunodeficiency Virus and hepatic viral infections) among homosexuals, bisexuals, and transgenders in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. <i>Methods</i>: Between February 1 and March 30, 2022, an analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among Kinshasa's homosexual, bisexual, and transgender populations. The snowball method was used to choose participants from homosexuals’ organisations. Sociodemographic information and the prevalence of viral infections (HIV, HBV, and HCV) were included as study parameters. The determinants of viral infections were found using multivariate logistic regression. <i>Results</i>: A total of 555 participants (mean age: 28.5±7.8 years, unmarried: 44.9%) were enrolled. Human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C infection rates were, respectively, 31.5%, 6.3%, and 9.7% prevalent. HIV-HCV, HIV-HBV, and HIV-HBV-HCV coinfection rates were 4.7%, 4.1%, and 0.7%, respectively. HIV and HBV infection had the same risk factors namely piercing, incarceration, prostitution, and non-condom usage. HCV infection was more pronounced among individuals with piercing, STIs and a previous occurrence of jaundice. <i>Conclusion</i>: In Kinshasa, HIV, HBV, and HCV infections were widespread among homosexuals, bisexuals, and transgender people. Actions targeting LBGTs are essential to reduce HIV, HCV and HBV infections transmission in the community.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"21 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140714370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Policy to Practice: A Review of Africa’s Public Health Policy","authors":"O. Otorkpa, C. Otorkpa, O. Adebola, Stephen Emmanuel, Ahamed Adamu, Ololade Olaniyan, Saizonou Jacques, O. Oseni, Abdirizak Yusuf, Maman Ibrahim, Z. Njoumemi, Ruhaima Zorro, Francis Kiese, Abechi Alapa, Dechasa Adare, Adamu Musa, Fatima Ahmed","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20241002.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20241002.14","url":null,"abstract":"Africa faces persistent health challenges, from infectious diseases to non-communicable illnesses, necessitating robust public health policies. However, the translation of these policies into effective practice remains a substantial challenge across the continent. This study employed a rigorous literature review, and policy analysis to shed light on the multifaceted factors impeding the successful transition from policy formulation to tangible health outcomes. Findings indicates that while Africa has made substantial progress in crafting health policies that align with global health goals, critical gaps persist in their execution. Major challenges include resource limitations, weak health infrastructure, insufficient capacity building, and complex socio-cultural dynamics that influence health behaviors and practices. In addition, bureaucratic hurdles, corruption, and lack of political will are identified as systemic barriers to policy implementation. The study highlights the need for adaptive and evidence-based policy making rigorous monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to track progress, and a multifaceted approach to bridge these gaps and address challenges. This includes strategic investments in healthcare infrastructure and workforce development, enhancing collaboration between governments and international partners, and fostering community engagement to ensure policies resonate with local contexts.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"303 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140751110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Health Status and Care Needs of People with Intellectual Disability in Specialized Centers of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso","authors":"Jocelyne Valérie Garé, Filwende Dan Kientega, Ahmed Kaboré, Carole Nathalie Téné Ouedraogo, Ouattara Seydou, W. A. Kaboré, Nicolas Méda","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20241002.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20241002.12","url":null,"abstract":"People with intellectual disabilities suffer from oral pain and discomfort twice as often as the general population. Their reduced cognitive and physical abilities, regular medication, and often the lack of a strong social support system lead to difficulties coping with the daily demands of life, including proper oral hygiene and nutrition. Having data on the oral health status of children and adolescents living with disabilities is crucial to reducing oral health inequalities within the population. The objectives of this study were to describe the main oral conditions, oral health behaviors and identify the care needs of people with intellectual disabilities in specialized centers in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. A descriptive transversal survey was conducted in the reception centers of intellectual disabled people benefiting from the subsidy of the Ministry of Women, National Solidarity, Family and Humanitarian Action. A questionnaire adapted for oral health surveys of the World Health Organization has been used for data collection that has been analyzed with Stata MP 16.0 software (College Station, Texas 77845, USA). Were included in the study 193 people with intellectual disabilities whose average age was 12.4 years ± 7.9. Our study reported that 74.0% had never visited a dentist and 19.0% of subjects did not clean their teeth. The overall prevalence of caries was 58.6% with 95% CI [51.2 - 65.8]. The frequencies of gingival bleeding and calculus were 63.8% and 63.4% respectively. The other pathologies were divided into 25.5% sialorrhea; 15.0% dental wear; 39.1% malocclusions; 19.2% dental anomalies and 14.4% dental trauma. Subjects who needed prompt and urgent care were 51.6%. This study made it possible to report the oral health behaviors and the main oral diseases encountered in people with intellectual disabilities and the care needs. Health promotion strategies focusing on simple interventions such as appropriate oral care would improve the general well-being of these vulnerable people.\u0000","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140245460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malaria Parasitaemia, Risk Perception, and Preventive Practices Among Women Attending Ante-Natal Clinics in Ogun State","authors":"H. Yusuff, Ikeoluwa A Ajayi, Stephen Adebowale, O. Ajumobi, P. Nguku, Quudus Yusuff","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20241002.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20241002.11","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria contributes over 10% of all deaths among pregnant women. The prevalence of malaria in pregnancy in Nigeria particularly in Ogun State is high. The coverage and uptake of Intermittent Preventive Treatment with Sulphodoxine Pyrimethamine (IPT-SP) and Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) in Southwest Nigeria is still very low despite their proven cost effectiveness in improving maternal and infant health. This study therefore determined the malaria parasitaemia, risk perception, preventive practices and associated factors among women attending Ante-natal Clinics (ANCs) in Ogun state. A cross-sectional study was carried out using mixed methods. An estimated sample size of 426 was computed and selected from ANCs across the state through multistage sampling technique. Pre-tested semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect information. Also, focused group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among women attending ANC and blood samples were taken from asymptomatic women for laboratory analysis to determine prevalence of malaria parasitaemia. Measures of association between the dependent and independent variables were tested using Chi-square. All tests of significance were done based on a ɑ-level of 0.05. Response rate was 100% for this study. The mean age of respondents was 27.9 ±5.5 years. Risk perception of malaria was observed to be good. Malaria parasitaemia was 2.7% and was 100% due to <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>. Maternal age was significantly associated with malaria parasitaemia. Therefore, it is recommended that malaria elimination programmes should be sustained; access and affordability of ANC care should be ensured by the Government.\u0000","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"56 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140258656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Late Presentation to HIV Care Among HIV-Infected Adults in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso","authors":"Ter Tiero Elias Dah, Désiré Lucien Dahourou, Abdoulaye Hama Diallo, Issifou Yaya, Ali Sogli, Emma Helena Avangvounang, Linda Audrey Koubi, I. Traoré, Issouf Yaméogo, Isidore Tiandogo Traoré, Aboubakari Nambiema, Didier Koumavi Ekouevi, Nicolas Meda","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20230905.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230905.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139307615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Membership in Mutual Health Insurance in Diourbel Region (Senegal)<br /> <div> <br /> </div>","authors":"Martial Coly Bop, Cheikh Tacko Diop, B. Guèye, Papa Gallo Sow, Ousseynou Ka","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20230905.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230905.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139312054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Vaccination Coverage of Children Aged 12-23 Months in the Provinces of Ituri and Haut-Katanga, Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2019","authors":"Joseph Oyaya Mundala, Joël Fumwakwau Kiniati, Leurby Ikina Bokele, Lapeasta Omba Onokoko, Crispin Mabika Mabika","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20230905.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230905.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135253212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Hypertension Among Soldiers of the Parakou Garrison in Benin in 2019","authors":"Houehanou Yessito Corine Nadege, Dohou Hugues, Behanzin Luc, Agonnoude Maurice, Orou Boko Mama Assiatou, Sonou Arnaud, Codjo Leopold, Houeto David","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20230905.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230905.11","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Introduction: </i>The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of military personnel regarding hypertension in Parakou in 2019. <i>Materials and methods: </i>This was a cross-sectional study. It included all the soldiers of the Parakou garrison, present at work during the investigation period, from October 24 to November 08, 2019, and having given their written consent. Members unavailable after two visits were excluded. An interview was held with each respondent using a questionnaire. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices were assessed by a series of items marked 1 or 0 (correct or incorrect answer) and classified into four categories according to the score. <i>Results: </i>A total of 266 soldiers were included. The mean age was 34.1 ± 5.5 years, and the male/female sex ratio was 7.1. Knowledge about hypertension was good among 33.5% of soldiers and attitudes were right among 82.0%. None of them had good practice and only 17.3% had a good level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices. The function was associated with the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (p<0.001). <i>Conclusion: </i>The level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards hypertension of the targeted soldiers was low. The awareness of the Beninese soldiers on the prevention of hypertension should be reinforced.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with the Double and Triple Burden of Malnutrition in Mother-Child Pairs in Guinea","authors":"Djiba Diakité, Sidikiba Sidibé, Fassou Kolié, Mory 1 Kourouma, Alexandre Délamou","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20230904.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230904.15","url":null,"abstract":"The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) and triple burden of malnutrition (TBM) remain a public health challenge in developing countries. This study examines the prevalence and factors associated with DBM and TBM in mother-child pairs in Guinea. A sample of 2605 mother-child pairs drawn from the fifth Guinea Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2018 was selected for this study. Anthropometric measurements of children and their mothers and children's hemoglobin levels were collected. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with DBM and TBM. The prevalence of DBM and TBM in mother-child pairs in households in Guinea were 9.6% (95% CI: 8.3-11.2) and 7.3% (95% CI: 6.1-8.6) respectively. Mothers who delivered by caesarean section (AOR = 2.63; 95% CI: 1.06-6.58), wealthy households (AOR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.15-4.09) and mothers with 4 or more children (AOR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.08-4.38) were factors significantly associated with the double burden of malnutrition. Wealthy households (AOR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.04-4.29) and Caesarean delivery (AOR = 2.40; 95% CI: 1.06-5.42) were factors significantly associated with the triple burden of malnutrition. Multiparity was associated with DBM and wealthier households and caesarean section were positively associated with DBM and TBM. Public health actions focused on women of childbearing age should be undertaken to curb the development of this scourge.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135947015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Towards COVID-19 Pandemic Among Health Workers in Bosaso, Somalia","authors":"Fatima Abdirazak Ahmed, Abdirizak Mohamud Yusuf, Said Nuriye Abshir","doi":"10.11648/j.cajph.20230904.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230904.14","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>: WHO confirmed COVID-19 as a global pandemic on 11 March 2020. In Africa, the first case of COVID-19 was noted on 14 February 2020 in Egypt and Somalia confirmed its first case of the novel coronavirus in Mogadishu on 16 March 2020. In 12 June 2023, there are 26,439 confirmed cases and deaths has been recorded 1,361 in countrywide. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are critical to the continued effort in winning the battle over the disease. This study aims to determine healthcare workers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 in Bosaso, Somalia. <i>Methods</i>: Quantitative data were collected through self-administered questionnaires to obtain information about knowledge, attitude and practices towards COVID-19 pandemic among health workers in Bosaso, Somalia. We used convenience sampling techniques in this research. Then, we distributed questionnaires via Google Forms Online to select eligible participants, focused on those who were available and willing to participate in this study. The researchers continuously monitor the completion and submission of questionnaires from accomplished respondents. This study was analyzed using a descriptive statistics approach, and SPSS software version 25 was utilized. <i>Results</i>: A total of 142 health workers completed the questionnaires. More than 59% were female, while 41% were male. Most health workers 83% had good knowledge about COVID-19 transmission, while 17% had poor knowledge. Moreover, knowledge regarding signs, symptoms, and at-risk groups was generally satisfactory. However, a gap exists in the use of early antibiotics to take preventive measures against COVID-19 patients. Overall, 59.7% of health workers had a positive attitude towards the disease, although gaps have been identified as 21.1% health workers believe that being Muslim has less at risk for the COVID-19 occurrence. Majority of health workers were practicing frequent handwashing, using a complete set of PPE and wearing a mask when going to public places. <i>Conclusion</i>: Health workers in Bosaso demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitude and satisfactory infection prevention and control practices. The study recommends that the government prioritize behaviors in the dissemination of evidence-based information to healthcare professionals to increase their knowledge of preventive measures and their precautionary practices during health service delivery. In addition, policymakers and other stakeholders should prioritize awareness campaigns on COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control in advance. Further research at the study site is also advised.","PeriodicalId":339086,"journal":{"name":"Central African Journal of Public Health","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135088433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}