IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society最新文献_第3页

An Active RIS-Aided DFRC System for Improved Multi-User Communications 一种改进多用户通信的主动ris辅助DFRC系统

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3573988

Ravi Patel;Aayush Singh;Keshav Singh;Shahid Mumtaz;Chih-Peng Li;Sudip Biswas

{"title":"An Active RIS-Aided DFRC System for Improved Multi-User Communications","authors":"Ravi Patel;Aayush Singh;Keshav Singh;Shahid Mumtaz;Chih-Peng Li;Sudip Biswas","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3573988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3573988","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid evolution towards sixth-generation (6G) communications necessitates substantial enhancements in data rates, latency, and spectrum efficiency. Dual-functional radar and communication (DFRC) systems and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) are pivotal technologies addressing these challenges. Accordingly, this paper introduces an innovative active RIS-aided DFRC system that transcends the limitations of passive RIS. Active RIS not only adjusts signal phases but also amplifies them, significantly boosting signal strength, coverage, and reliability, while also tackling interference and power constraints. We develop a optimization algorithm that leverages weighted minimum mean square error (WMMSE) and fractional programming techniques to maximize the weighted sum rate (WSR) for communication users while ensuring robust radar detection performance. Extensive simulations validate the superiority of active RIS-assisted DFRC systems over passive configurations, demonstrating substantial improvements in both communication and radar functionalities. Our results highlight the transformative potential of active RIS in revolutionizing 6G networks, enhancing their adaptability, efficiency, and capability to support future applications like autonomous driving and smart city infrastructures. This paper sets a new benchmark for integrating active RIS in DFRC systems, paving the way for advanced 6G technologies.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4908-4922"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11021473","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Channel Estimation for Wideband Multi-RIS-Assisted mmWave Massive-MIMO OFDM System With Beam Squint Effect 具有波束斜视效应的宽带多ris辅助毫米波海量mimo OFDM系统信道估计

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3575947

Thabang C. Rapudu;Olutayo O. Oyerinde

{"title":"Channel Estimation for Wideband Multi-RIS-Assisted mmWave Massive-MIMO OFDM System With Beam Squint Effect","authors":"Thabang C. Rapudu;Olutayo O. Oyerinde","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3575947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3575947","url":null,"abstract":"Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) and massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive-MIMO) systems are promising technologies for improving the energy efficiency of millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication. Furthermore, in urban areas, where there is high obscurity, multiple RISs can be deployed to circumvent blockages between communicating nodes. However, deploying both multi-RIS and massive-MIMO systems significantly increases the dimensionality of a wireless communication channel and thus, accurate channel state information (CSI) acquisition by channel estimation (CE) becomes non-trivial mainly due to the passive nature of the RISs. Additionally, existing wideband RIS-assisted CE schemes ignore the beam squint effect despite its severe CE performance degradation. Therefore, in this paper, a beam squint aware machine learning (ML)-based uplink CE scheme for wideband multi-RIS-assisted mmWave massive-MIMO orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is proposed. Specifically, to reduce the beam squint effect, the bandwidth of the system is divided into subbands, and thereafter, a denoising convolutional neural network bidirectional long-short term memory (DnCNN-Bi-LSTM) scheme is proposed for cascaded uplink CE. For certain parameter settings, the proposed beam squint aware DnCNN-Bi-LSTM CE scheme achieves better normalized minimum mean squared error (NMSE) performance than the state-of-the-art beam squint aware CE methods.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4804-4817"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11021458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erratum to “UWB and GNSS Sensor Fusion Using ML-Based Positioning Uncertainty Estimation” “基于ml的定位不确定性估计的UWB和GNSS传感器融合”的勘误

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3571303

Mihkel Tommingas;Taavi Laadung;Sander Varbla;Ivo Muursepp;Muhammad Mahtab Alam

引用次数: 0

The Rise of Networked ISAC: Emerging Aspects and Challenges 网络化ISAC的兴起：新出现的方面和挑战

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3575729

Diana P. M. Osorio;Bidushi Barua;Karl-Ludwig Besser;Henry Blue;Prajnamaya Dass;Pawani Porambage

{"title":"The Rise of Networked ISAC: Emerging Aspects and Challenges","authors":"Diana P. M. Osorio;Bidushi Barua;Karl-Ludwig Besser;Henry Blue;Prajnamaya Dass;Pawani Porambage","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3575729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3575729","url":null,"abstract":"This paper contributes to the consolidation of networked integrated sensing and communications (ISAC), emphasizing essential aspects, technologies, and strategies for the design of this new paradigm. Herein, we outline our vision for networked ISAC and its architectural components. Our work stands out by addressing key aspects from the physical to network layers, as well as security, privacy, and resilience, which we believe are pivotal in shaping the design of networked ISAC systems and assessing the viability of use cases with strict requirements. Our discussion includes aspects regarding advanced antenna technologies, challenges regarding synchronization and interference management, resource allocation and cooperation strategies, and procedures and protocols at the network level. Additionally, we discuss new threat vectors in the context of networked ISAC, considering ethical and legal implications, and potential solutions. Given the criticality and safety-threatening nature of ISAC scenarios, it is crucial to design systems that meet stringent requirements under failures and malfunctions. Thus, we raise the main considerations for resilience design in networked ISAC, and identify opportunities to enhance resilience through cooperation. Finally, we offer insights on emerging research directions, pinpointing key areas that deserve focused research.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"5072-5091"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11021487","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep Learning-Driven Throughput Maximization in Covert Communication for UAV-RIS Cognitive Systems 无人机- ris认知系统隐蔽通信中深度学习驱动的吞吐量最大化

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3565764

Van Nhan Vo;Nguyen Quoc Long;Viet-Hung Dang;Tu Dac Ho;Hung Tran;Symeon Chatzinotas;Dinh-Hieu Tran;Surasak Sanguanpong;Chakchai So-In

{"title":"Deep Learning-Driven Throughput Maximization in Covert Communication for UAV-RIS Cognitive Systems","authors":"Van Nhan Vo;Nguyen Quoc Long;Viet-Hung Dang;Tu Dac Ho;Hung Tran;Symeon Chatzinotas;Dinh-Hieu Tran;Surasak Sanguanpong;Chakchai So-In","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3565764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3565764","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines a cognitive radio (CR) nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system in which an unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a reconfigurable intelligent surface (UAV-RIS) plays two roles: relaying and friendly jamming. The communication protocol has two phases. The first is an energy harvesting phase in which the UAV harvests radio frequency energy from a power beacon. In the second phase, a secondary transmitter (ST) simultaneously sends superimposed signals to secondary receivers (SRs) (a public SR and a covert SR) via NOMA with the assistance of the UAV-RIS. Then, a UAV warden and a UAV jammer launch a cooperative attack, in which the first adversary wiretaps the signals from the ST and UAV-RIS, whereas the second interferes with the SRs to force the ST to increase its transmit power. For improved secrecy, the UAV-RIS uses its harvested energy to combat the UAV warden. For this system, the secrecy performance is evaluated on the basis of the concept of covert communication. In particular, optimization algorithms are employed to maximize the covert SR throughput under outage probability and security constraints. A deep neural network model is subsequently trained to discover the relationships between the environmental parameters and optimized parameters to enable rapid adaptation to environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4140-4155"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10980338","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revolutionizing FANETs With Reinforcement Learning: Optimized Data Forwarding and Real-Time Adaptability 用强化学习革新fanet：优化数据转发和实时适应性

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3565471

Yasir Ibraheem Mohammed;Rosilah Hassan;Mohammad Kamrul Hasan;Shayla Islam;Huda Saleh Abbas;Muhammad Asghar Khan;Muhammad Attique Khan

{"title":"Revolutionizing FANETs With Reinforcement Learning: Optimized Data Forwarding and Real-Time Adaptability","authors":"Yasir Ibraheem Mohammed;Rosilah Hassan;Mohammad Kamrul Hasan;Shayla Islam;Huda Saleh Abbas;Muhammad Asghar Khan;Muhammad Attique Khan","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3565471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3565471","url":null,"abstract":"Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, have significantly advanced wireless communication frameworks by enabling the formation of Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs). FANETs facilitate autonomous collaboration among UAVs through decentralized and self-organizing communication protocols, proving especially effective in dynamic applications such as military surveillance, disaster management, and environmental monitoring. Nevertheless, traditional routing algorithms, initially developed for terrestrial networks, often fail to meet the unique challenges of FANETs, notably their high mobility and frequently changing network topologies. A framework was proposed to address these challenges; this paper formulates a multi-objective optimization problem aimed at optimizing UAV trajectories, enhancing energy efficiency, and maximizing communication range to improve overall data forwarding performance. A Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based agent is created that constantly enhances its decision-making capacity by utilizing real-time feedback and dynamically chooses best forwarding tactics. This work also combines developments in large-scale data collecting from Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), using mobile sinks supported by FANETs in conjunction with multi-objective optimization approaches to improve data collecting efficiency greatly. Experimental tests show that the suggested RL-based techniques outperform conventional routing protocols by properly lowering delays and raising the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR). Moreover, simulation findings show the better scalability and adaptability of RL-enabled UAV networks, stressing its possible use in dynamic real-world situations such as disaster relief operations and environmental monitoring tasks.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4295-4310"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10979975","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DRL-Based UAV Path Planning for Coverage Hole Avoidance: Energy Consumption and Outage Time Minimization Trade-Offs 基于drl的无人机覆盖洞规避路径规划：能量消耗和停机时间最小化权衡

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564837

Bahareh Jafari;Mazen Hasna;Hossein Pishro-Nik;Nizar Zorba;Tamer Khattab;Hamid Saeedi

{"title":"DRL-Based UAV Path Planning for Coverage Hole Avoidance: Energy Consumption and Outage Time Minimization Trade-Offs","authors":"Bahareh Jafari;Mazen Hasna;Hossein Pishro-Nik;Nizar Zorba;Tamer Khattab;Hamid Saeedi","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564837","url":null,"abstract":"Coverage holes pose critical challenges to reliability of wireless networks and their quality of service (QoS) and therefore should be avoided in the coverage design. In this paper, we address this issue through the deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as mobile base stations, and we propose specific UAV path planning. A point is said to be in a coverage hole if the coverage probability for that point is below a certain threshold, e.g., 90%. This definition is more suitable for applications such as surveillance or sensor networks. In this paper, we target applications such as wireless communications for which QoS requirement allow only for short time disconnections, i.e., minimal outage time. As such, in addition to avoiding coverage holes, we should also make the outage time as small as possible. By deploying a deep reinforcement learning algorithm, we find optimal UAV paths based on the two families of trajectories: spiral and oval curves, to tackle different design considerations and constraints, in terms of QoS, energy consumption and coverage hole avoidance. We show that for a typical point on the cell, there is a trade-off between minimizing the maximum outage time length and consumed mechanical energy. Our observations indicate that such a trade-off is more pronounced for spiral trajectories compared to oval trajectories, but both of them are useful depending on the QoS and energy constraints imposed by the system.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4194-4205"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10977832","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Robust and Adaptive UAVs-Based Localization Without Predefined NLoS Error Models 无预定义NLoS误差模型的鲁棒自适应无人机定位

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564497

Ruhul Amin Khalil;Junaid Bahadar Khan;Asiya Jehangir;Nasir Saeed

{"title":"Robust and Adaptive UAVs-Based Localization Without Predefined NLoS Error Models","authors":"Ruhul Amin Khalil;Junaid Bahadar Khan;Asiya Jehangir;Nasir Saeed","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564497","url":null,"abstract":"In UAV-based localization systems utilizing Time of Arrival (ToA) measurements, Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) conditions present a persistent challenge by introducing significant errors that degrade localization accuracy. Traditional techniques rely heavily on prior knowledge of NLoS error statistics or measurement noise characteristics. These dependencies make such methods computationally intensive and less adaptable to dynamic or large-scale scenarios. This paper presents a low-complexity localization algorithm that overcomes these limitations by eliminating the need for prior NLoS error statistics or path status information. The proposed approach dynamically identifies and excludes ToA measurements affected by severe NLoS errors while refining localization accuracy through iterative updates. A two-stage Robust Regression Algorithm (RRA) is employed, combined with an adaptive UAV selection strategy, ensuring both computational efficiency and precise positioning. Theoretical convergence analysis verifies the algorithm’s robustness in selecting reliable UAVs and estimating the accurate position of the target. Simulation results show the algorithm’s superior performance compared to state-of-the-art methods, achieving higher accuracy and efficiency even under severe NLoS conditions. The proposed method’s adaptability, scalability, and robustness make it a valuable solution for accurate localization in complex and dynamic environments, including 5G ultra-dense networks and UAV-based deployments.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4051-4062"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10977048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two-Timescale Cross-Layer Design for URLLC Over Parallel Fading Channels With Imperfect CSI 不完全CSI下并行衰落信道URLLC的双时间尺度跨层设计

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564296

Hongsen Peng;Meixia Tao

{"title":"Two-Timescale Cross-Layer Design for URLLC Over Parallel Fading Channels With Imperfect CSI","authors":"Hongsen Peng;Meixia Tao","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564296","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the cross-layer design for point-to-point ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) over parallel fading sub-channels by jointly considering channel estimation and adaptive data transmission. The model includes a stochastic traffic arrival process and the transmissions are done in the finite blocklength (FBL) regime with imperfect channel state information (CSI). Specifically, we formulate a two-timescale total average power minimization problem under reliability, latency, and peak power constraints. In the large timescale, the pilot length and pilot power are optimized while in the small timescale, the data transmit power and decoding error probability are optimized according to the estimated channel coefficients and queueing information. As a starting step in our small timescale solution, we train a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agent employing the Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3) algorithm to allocate the data transmit power on each sub-channel and determine the decoding error probability to satisfy the URLLC constraints in an ideal environment with perfect instantaneous CSI. Then we utilize a water-filling framework to accommodate the trained TD3 network for the environment with imperfect CSI. Based on the small timescale optimization method, we adopt the ternary search algorithm to optimize the pilot length and pilot power through Monte Carlo evaluations in the large timescale. Simulation results are provided to reveal the impact of the reliability, latency and the number of sub-channels. Furthermore, the trained network is demonstrated to be robust towards different traffic arrival models, as well as variations of the average arrival rate.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"4126-4139"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10976658","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probabilistic-Aware Satellite Constellation Scheduling for Integrated TN-NTN Operations 基于概率感知的TN-NTN综合作战卫星星座调度

IF 6.3

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564411

Arnau Singla;Isabel Gallardo-Duval;Anna Calveras;Juan A. Fraire;Joan A. Ruiz-De-Azua

{"title":"Probabilistic-Aware Satellite Constellation Scheduling for Integrated TN-NTN Operations","authors":"Arnau Singla;Isabel Gallardo-Duval;Anna Calveras;Juan A. Fraire;Joan A. Ruiz-De-Azua","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3564411","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of satellite-based Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) with terrestrial communication infrastructures introduces significant challenges, especially in coping with the unpredictable nature of traffic generated by end users. Traditional scheduling approaches in satellite systems often assume deterministic traffic models, limiting their effectiveness in dynamic and data-driven scenarios. This paper presents a framework for integrated NTN operations that incorporates stochastic traffic modeling into satellite scheduling, enabling a more flexible and realistic approach to resource management in NTNs. By leveraging statistical traffic models based on the central limit theorem, the proposed method accounts for traffic uncertainty and embeds it directly into the scheduling process. A key concept introduced is schedule certainty, which quantifies the reliability of a schedule under uncertain input conditions and serves as both a decision variable and an optimization parameter. This novel approach is exemplified through the Constellation Management System framework, extended with a data generation uncertainty model to showcase its practical implementation and benefits. Results demonstrate that probability-aware scheduling achieves a tightly controlled certainty level aligned with operator-defined thresholds, providing higher certainty levels for equivalent performance metrics. This allows satellite operators to dynamically adjust service coverage and system efficiency, accounting for varying levels of traffic uncertainty. This work highlights the importance of probability-aware scheduling in enabling more robust and efficient operation of future satellite-terrestrial hybrid networks.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":"6 ","pages":"3950-3963"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10976725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0