ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Государственная Поддержка Малого Инновационного Бизнеса в Регионах России (State Support of Small Innovative Business in the Regions of Russia)","authors":"Raisa Fedosova, Elena Rodionova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3046970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3046970","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> Инновационное развитие во всех странах является необходимостью не только самих фирм и кампаний, но и заботой государства. От его результативности и эффективности зависит прогресс, конкурентоспособность и безопасность национальной экономики. <b>English Abstract:</b> Innovative development in all countries is a necessity not only the firms themselves and the campaigns, but also the concern of the state. From its efficiency and effectiveness depends the progress, competitiveness and security of the national economy.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125599411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to Innovation in Indian Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises","authors":"Anshul Pachouri, Sankalp Sharma","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2838109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2838109","url":null,"abstract":"Innovation plays a critical role in shaping the industrial and firm competitiveness of any nation. Innovation is often discussed in the setting of developed countries, but the rise of emerging economies such as India has generated a new interest in understanding innovation in developing economies. This paper aims to study and present the current state of innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in India. The focus of the paper is to bring out the key barriers SMEs face in the innovation process in the context of the existing government policy. India, being a developing nation, has its own set of unique situations and challenges that impede the innovation potential of SMEs operating in it. Many of these barriers are related to public policy, funding constraints, shortage of skilled research and development (R&D) workforce, and weak linkages between institutions and the firms, among others.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126478278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology and Innovation Policies for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in East Asia","authors":"P. Intarakumnerd, Akira Goto","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2812432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2812432","url":null,"abstract":"Policies for stimulating technological development and innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises can be divided into three groups. Supply-side policies aim at increasing firms’ incentives to invest in innovation by reducing costs. Demand-side policies are public actions to induce innovation and/or speed up the diffusion of innovation. Systemic policies focus on strengthening interactive learning between actors in innovation systems. Policies can be implemented through various instruments comprising tax incentives, grants or direct subsidies, low-interest loans, and the government’s direct equity participation. These instruments have pros and cons. The experiences of four late-industrializing East Asian economies—Taipei,China; Singapore; Malaysia; and Thailand—provide key lessons. Firms at different levels of technological and innovative capability need different policy instruments. The more successful economies have a higher level of flexibility and policy coordination and learning. The amount, duration, and continuity of government supporting schemes are crucial. Policy makers must have a deep understanding of what constitutes innovations and innovation systems, and how they evolve over time. Innovation financing policies require other corresponding policy initiatives to make them successful. Lastly, institutional factors do shape the choices and effective implementation of these policies.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116772075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural and Urban Development: Realities that Influence Diverse Perspectives About the Rural-Urban Divide and Continuum in Developing Countries","authors":"Jimmy Chulu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2698104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2698104","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years of rural and urban development studies, notably by Akkoyunlu (2013, p.3) and Tacoli (2004, p.6), has shown that both rural and urban areas are interconnected economically, financially, and socially. The strong interplay between rural and urban areas through various drivers has created an interface critical in the formulation of poverty reduction strategies particularly in the context of rural-urban disparities (Akkoyunlu (2013, p.4). It ought to be emphasized that the importance of how rural and urban areas intersect is good for positive development outcomes in both rural and urban settlements. Evidence shows that rural-urban linkages offer opportunities for identifying possibilities that can be leveraged to stimulate rural local economic activities and local innovative productive systems that involve both rural and urban areas but in ways that are not harmful to each other. Overall, this analysis marks a departure from the existing situation where rural and urban spaces are viewed as distinctly different from each other (Tacoli 2004, p.6).It is a considered perspective that rural-urban development strategies should be developed explicitly in order to promote rural development and curb rural-urban drift to cities and towns (Tacoli 2004, p.10). Many writers such as Thirlwall (1994, p.88) have argued that there should be no any distinction between rural and urban areas if there was equal development in the world. This does not suggest that it is a recipe or blue-print for rural and urban development. Ideally, there has been a growing interest in the academic discourse on the linkages between rural and urban development. However, the relationship between urban and rural areas in many developing nations is still perceived from the point of economic dualism, in other words, by the coexistence of urban sector and a rural sector (Akkoyunlu 2013, p.4). Traditionally, agriculture accounts for the bulk of employment in developing nations especially in the rural areas and contributes immensely to the growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), export earnings and poverty reduction in many countries. Given its dominance to the economic growth rate, it will remain a primary source of national economy and means of poverty reduction for many years to come (Tacoli 2004, p.2). It must be recognized that populations around the world are becoming increasingly urbanized. The pace of urbanization in less developed countries between 1950 and 1962 was very slow. According to the World Bank Report (2011, p.6), it is argued that especially sub Saharan Africa (SSA) the trend indicate that in 1960 only an average of 28% of the urban population lived in each country's largest city, but by 1980 this had risen to 36%. Similarly, the number of cities with a population of over half a million increased from a mere 3% in 1960, to 28% in 1980 (World Bank 2011, p.6). However, after this period the rate increased substantially. Most developing countries have noticed a tr","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130435191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Venture Capital in Clean Energy Innovation Finance: Insights from the U.S. Market during 2005-2014","authors":"V. Rai, Erik Funkhouser, Trevor C Udwin, D. Livingston","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2676216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2676216","url":null,"abstract":"Since emerging as a capital destination in the late 1990s, the experience of venture capital (VC) in clean energy technologies (CET) has been checkered. Haphazard investment activity in the early 2000s paired with high-profile failures of once-promising CET ventures to produce a general reticence toward CETs in the investment community. Since then, attitudes regarding the potential for financial venture capital or public policy to meaningfully reintroduce vigor in CET innovation have been characterized by skepticism, in no small part due to notions of capital intensity and policy risk formed during the initial waves of CET investment. Despite its importance, there has been little systematic research of CETs vis-a-vis venture capital, public policy, or the broader investment system. In this paper we revisit this area of inquiry, focusing on the role of venture capital in funding innovation in clean energy, especially in light of the lessons learned over the past decade in the U.S. The core data for our analysis comes from a series of in-depth, semi-structured expert interviews with individuals from venture capital firms, relevant public agencies, corporate venture capital entities, as well as for-profit and not-for-profit investment houses, all of whom were active in the CET space before, during, and after the peak of CET in the late 2000s. We reevaluate common notions regarding the drivers and barriers of VC and strategic corporate investment in CETs and uncover several nuanced insights that inform approaches for addressing barriers to unlocking the full potential of VC in funding clean energy innovation.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130409394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward a New Form of Strategic Alliances: The Crowdfunding","authors":"T. Abdellatif, Mohamed Fadhel Djlassi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2645329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2645329","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the difficulties to get financing from mainstream financial institutions and with regard to their excessive demands, crowdfunding of new innovative projects develops nowadays and accounts for an essential alternative to take up the challenges of creating new projects and /or innovative ones. It represents a mechanism through online platforms offering a new distribution channel and communication for project creators and encouraging financial backers to contribute to their realization. Nevertheless, several barriers impede the implementation of this funding and certain conditions of realization are required to ensure the sustainability of the relationship between project developer and financial backer. The present work deals with this new concept of crowdfunding as a form of strategic alliance during the launch stage of a project. The emphasis will be put on the key elements of success of this agreement by referring to the main characteristics of a strategic alliance.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"1 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126052027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entrepreneur Heterogeneity and New Venture Financing","authors":"E. Berkovitch, Yaniv Grinstein, Ronen Israel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2555205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2555205","url":null,"abstract":"We explain the coexistence of different financiers like Venture Capital (VC) and Angel investors and study the role of policymakers in promoting innovation. VC investors are better informed. However, Angel investors offer entrepreneurs a better avenue to capture entrepreneurs' motivational factors. We show that policy measures to enhance entrepreneurial activity should focus on promoting VC ventures rather than Angel ventures. Our model implies that profitable industries and locations with better entrepreneurial ecosystems attract more Angel financing; Boom periods exhibit more Angel financing; Angel-backed ventures are smaller, and are less likely to be liquidated compared to VC-backed ventures.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129660296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure of MSEs in the NCR of India: Features Emerging from a Sample Study","authors":"Abhijit K. Mishra","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2709638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2709638","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work is to provide an empirical basis to the investigation at hand. First, a description of the primary data collected from the field (NCR or National Capital Region in and around Delhi and its adjoining areas in Haryana, UP and Rajasthan) has been presented. The primary data have been collected by the researcher through visiting the (sample) enterprises and filling in the schedules with the response to a set of questions eliciting quantitative or qualitative data from the respondents or the relevant information gathered from the records of the enterprises in the sample. The data and information so obtained have been coded so as to render themselves to the relevant statistical/quantitative analysis. Secondly, relevant statistical analysis has been carried out to test the hypotheses formulated with reference to the objectives of this investigation.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115168187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing the Schumpeterian Hypotheses on an Open Innovation Framework","authors":"F. Sandulli, Jose Fernandez-Mendez, A. Rodríguez-Duarte, J. López-Sánchez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1978403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1978403","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to explore the unclear relationship between industry structure and Open Innovation. The focus of the study is on firms that received external help to develop their products or that helped third parties in developing their products. The hypotheses were tested on a large panel of more than 7,000 firms using Generalized Estimating Equations.The results show that Open Innovation adoption is positively related to technology complexity and market uncertainty while it is negatively related to market concentration. Larger firms are more likely to adopt Open Innovation strategies. The research makes an important contribution to the literature by examining on a large sample of firms the moderating effects of industry concentration, industry research and development intensity and the technology life cycle stage on the adoption of Open Innovation.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"608 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133276338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Impact of Cloud Computing White Paper","authors":"M. Iansiti, Gregory L. Richards","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1875893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1875893","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we find that advances in cloud computing likely will extend the IT induced economic growth in developed economies and foster growth in economies where IT penetration is not yet fully mature. We conclude that governments should work together to take advantage of the benefits of cloud computing.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114387260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}