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Finance and Schumpterian Rents: On the Timing of Innovation 金融与熊彼特租金:论创新的时机
ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic) Pub Date : 2011-06-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1858892
C. Yung
{"title":"Finance and Schumpterian Rents: On the Timing of Innovation","authors":"C. Yung","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1858892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1858892","url":null,"abstract":"I model an innovation game in which firms can choose to be leaders or followers. Internal finance leads to a stalemate in which each firm wants to free-ride on the others' experimentation costs. Therefore, no innovation occurs. When instead firms compete in the capital markets to finance innovation (e.g., in the case of venture capital) there is an endogenous cost to delay. Waiting to make risky irreversible investment conveys pessimist information. I characterize the relative sizes of waves of leaders and followers in innovation cycles - and the endogenous, intertemporal distribution of quality as each wave builds and crashes - as a function of the risk of the innovation and the amount of external finance required.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134008997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Improvement of Nation Invesment Competitiveness: Financial Innovation for Infrastructure Financing 提高国家投资竞争力:基础设施融资的金融创新
ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic) Pub Date : 2009-06-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1422485
L. B. Sihombing
{"title":"The Improvement of Nation Invesment Competitiveness: Financial Innovation for Infrastructure Financing","authors":"L. B. Sihombing","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1422485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1422485","url":null,"abstract":"According to the World Economic Forum, Global Competitiveness Index 2006-07 that ranking of Indonesia’s competitiveness is 50 from 125 countries. Furthermore for infrastructure competitiveness, Indonesia’s ranking is 89, lower than East Asian countries (e.g., China, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam). What should we do to improve the Indonesian competitiveness, particularly in infrastructure investment? At this paper, we will describe the factors of lower investment climate than other East Asian, particularly for foreign direct investment (FDI). What the impact of FDI to infrastructure competitiveness and economic growth?; and what the effects to domestic infrastructure investment? Therefore, the board aim of this study is to analyze the potential for, and the impact of, innovation in the financing, funding and procurement of infrastructure and to spread knowledge of innovation techniques to relevant parties with interests in Indonesia. The specific objectives arising from that aim were to: critically review existing models of finance, funding and appraisal in the infrastructure in the light of changing business requirements; survey recent innovative financial products, vehicles and funding techniques in infrastructure investment markets; examine case studies of innovative finance and procurement methods to illustrate the potential (and pitfalls) of the new techniques; draw lessons from developments in United State of America, China, Malaysia, and Thailand markets; consider likely future trends in the infrastructure market and assess the interaction between innovation and public policy. An econometric method will be employed to estimate effect of infrastructure investment on the economy.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129270744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Open Letter to Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda Regarding Virtual Onshoring 致卢旺达总统保罗·卡加梅关于虚拟在岸的公开信
ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic) Pub Date : 2008-12-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1641263
Jacob J. Walker
{"title":"Open Letter to Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda Regarding Virtual Onshoring","authors":"Jacob J. Walker","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1641263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1641263","url":null,"abstract":"This open letter to President Paul Kagame was submitted as an essay to the SEVEN Fund 2008 Essay Competition. The letter presents effective, innovative, pragmatic, and low-cost policies that can facilitate President Kagame's vision of encouraging entrepreneurship by giving Rwandans tools to directly compete in the lucrative markets of the United States and Europe. This will be done through a mental model coined within this paper as \"Virtual Onshoring.\" By making Virtual Onshoring a significant piece of Rwanda's economic strategy, Rwanda can gain a competitive edge in the world market, and a new level of increased prosperity. To facilitate Virtual Onshoring, this paper will focus on policies in education, banking, tariffs, computer recycling and electromagnetic spectrum regulation.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130874276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Exploration of Local R&D Spillovers in France 法国地方研发溢出效应研究
ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic) Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.3386/W14552
J. Mairesse, Benoît Mulkay
{"title":"An Exploration of Local R&D Spillovers in France","authors":"J. Mairesse, Benoît Mulkay","doi":"10.3386/W14552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W14552","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is an attempt to assess the existence and magnitude of local research spillovers in France. We rely on the model of an extended production function (Cobb-Douglas and Translog) with both local and neighborhood R&D capital stocks. We estimate this model on 312 employment areas as of 1999, first for the whole economy, then separately for five large manufacturing industries. The estimated elasticities of productivity with respect to R&D capital are significant and plausible, both within own-area and across neighboring areas as well as within own-industry, but they are weaker across different industries.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126604350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Entrepreneurship, Opportunity, and Growth 创业、机会和成长
ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic) Pub Date : 2008-05-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1376427
Philip E. Auerswald
{"title":"Entrepreneurship, Opportunity, and Growth","authors":"Philip E. Auerswald","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1376427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1376427","url":null,"abstract":"This papers contrasts \"invention-to-growth\" policies derived from macroeconomic models with \"opportunity-to-growth\" policies suggested by consideration of microeconomic fundamentals. I focus on the effectiveness of opportunity exploitation by entrepreneurs relative to established incumbents - in particular, how the relative \"price of entry\" depends on the magnitude of interaction costs, which I define as the sum of conventionally defined transactions costs and additional costs of validation and search attributable to asymmetries of information. I further emphasize the manner in which new tools of communication and collaboration are rapidly changing interaction costs, with implications for the intensity and direction of entrepreneurial effort.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117188953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Causes and Consequences of Industry Self-Policing 行业自我监管的原因和后果
ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic) Pub Date : 2007-09-25 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1016068
Jodi L. Short, M. Toffel
{"title":"The Causes and Consequences of Industry Self-Policing","authors":"Jodi L. Short, M. Toffel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1016068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1016068","url":null,"abstract":"Innovative regulatory programs are encouraging firms to police their own regulatory compliance and voluntarily disclose, or confess, the violations they find. Despite the win-win rhetoric surrounding these government voluntary programs, it is not clear why companies would participate and whether the programs themselves do anything to enhance regulatory effectiveness. Tasked with monitoring the legality of its own operations, why would a firm that identifies violations turn itself in to regulators rather than quietly fix the problem? And why would regulators entrust regulated entities to monitor their own compliance and enforce the law against themselves? This paper addresses these questions by investigating the factors that lead organizations to self-disclose violations, the effects of self-policing on regulatory compliance, and the effects of self-disclosing on the relationship between regulators and regulated firms. We investigate these research questions in the context of the US Environmental Protection Agency's Audit Policy.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115054856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Constructing Intersectoral Innovation Diffusion Networks with Input-Output: How to Get Relative Flows? An Illustrative Application to Six OECD Technological Systems for the Middle '90s 构建投入产出的跨部门创新扩散网络:如何获得相对流动?90年代中期六个经合组织技术系统的实例应用
ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic) Pub Date : 2007-06-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.994340
Sandro Montresor, Giuseppe Vittucci Marzetti
{"title":"Constructing Intersectoral Innovation Diffusion Networks with Input-Output: How to Get Relative Flows? An Illustrative Application to Six OECD Technological Systems for the Middle '90s","authors":"Sandro Montresor, Giuseppe Vittucci Marzetti","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.994340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.994340","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims at addressing some methodological issues in applying Social Network Analysis indicators to the investigation of nation-wide intersectoral innovation ows matrices. The majority of SNA techniques require dichotomization of the original matrices and suitable relativization procedures, in order to avoid size-biases. The relativization procedures used so far suffer from some limitations, as they either alter the meaning of SNA indicators or do not take into account the composition of countries' final demand. In order to overcome these limitations, we propose two new different methods and compare them with the existing ones on the basis of their rationale. Rather than with respect to a single cut-off, the comparison is carried out by working out SNA indicators distributions. An illustrative application is carried out by comparing the technological systems of six structurally different OECD countries in the mid-'90s. In so doing, the robustness of their conventional innovation ranking is tested and discussed.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132105216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Entrepreneurship, Business Incubation, and External Finance: An Analysis Based on the Theory of Incomplete Contracts 创业、创业孵化与外部融资:基于不完全契约理论的分析
ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic) Pub Date : 2005-12-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1341425
J. Goddard
{"title":"Entrepreneurship, Business Incubation, and External Finance: An Analysis Based on the Theory of Incomplete Contracts","authors":"J. Goddard","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1341425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1341425","url":null,"abstract":"This paper offers an analysis of the arrangements through which business incubators furnish seed finance and entrepreneurial-specific assets based on the theory of incomplete contracts. Specifically, I compare bargaining games in which (i) an investor offers finance under non-verifiability, which can be put to different uses by the entrepreneur, and (ii) an incubator offers a contract bundling financial provision to entrepreneurial-specific business services. The results highlight negative financial and economic consequences of incomplete contracting for entrepreneurship and how business incubation may partially overcome moral hazard risks, fostering investment in marginal firms that would not otherwise obtain funds and reducing the rate of start-up failure.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130600067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multinationals and US Poductivity Leadership: Evidence from Great Britain 跨国公司与美国生产力领导:来自英国的证据
ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic) Pub Date : 2005-09-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1307016
Chiara Criscuolo, Ralf Martin
{"title":"Multinationals and US Poductivity Leadership: Evidence from Great Britain","authors":"Chiara Criscuolo, Ralf Martin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1307016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1307016","url":null,"abstract":"We study the productivity of US owned plants in the UK. Using a new dataset that identifies foreign and domestic MNEs, we find that UK MNEs are less productive than US affiliates, but as productive as non US foreign affiliates. We investigate the source of the US and MNE advantage. We find evidence confirming that the MNE advantage is driven by sharing superior firm level assets across plants and by cherry picking the better plants in a country. The additional superiority of US firms seems entirely driven by their particular ability to takeover the best British plants. Thirdly, the study features a novel approach to TFP calculation.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133892111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 109
Critical Role and Screening Practices of European Business Incubators 欧洲企业孵化器的关键作用和筛选实践
ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic) Pub Date : 2005-08-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.870244
Kris Aerts, P. Matthyssens, K. Vandenbempt
{"title":"Critical Role and Screening Practices of European Business Incubators","authors":"Kris Aerts, P. Matthyssens, K. Vandenbempt","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.870244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.870244","url":null,"abstract":"Business incubators guide starting enterprises through their growth process and as such constitute a strong instrument to promote innovation and entrepreneurship. In this article we sketch the European business incubator landscape. Then we describe screening practices by European business incubators in 2003 and compare these results with the American incubators in the 1980s. In the last phase an exploratory link between screening practices and performance, measured in terms of tenant failure, is established. Most incubators do not screen potential tenants on a balanced set of factors, but concentrate either on the characteristics of the tenant's market or on the characteristics of the tenant's management team. However, we found that the tenant survival rate is positively related to a more balanced screening profile. Based on our study results, we propose some recommendations for the main stakeholders in the field: authorities, incubators and innovative entrepreneurs.","PeriodicalId":338013,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Innovation (Economic) (Sub-Topic)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127116191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 467
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