Cardiac Failure Review最新文献

{"title":"Role of Imaging in Cardiomyopathies.","authors":"Vincenzo Castiglione,&nbsp;Alberto Aimo,&nbsp;Giancarlo Todiere,&nbsp;Andrea Barison,&nbsp;Iacopo Fabiani,&nbsp;Giorgia Panichella,&nbsp;Dario Genovesi,&nbsp;Lucrezia Bonino,&nbsp;Alberto Clemente,&nbsp;Filippo Cademartiri,&nbsp;Alberto Giannoni,&nbsp;Claudio Passino,&nbsp;Michele Emdin,&nbsp;Giuseppe Vergaro","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Imaging has a central role in the diagnosis, classification, and clinical management of cardiomyopathies. While echocardiography is the first-line technique, given its wide availability and safety, advanced imaging, including cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), nuclear medicine and CT, is increasingly needed to refine the diagnosis or guide therapeutic decision-making. In selected cases, such as in transthyretin-related cardiac amyloidosis or in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, the demonstration of histological features of the disease can be avoided when typical findings are observed at bone-tracer scintigraphy or CMR, respectively. Findings from imaging techniques should always be integrated with data from the clinical, electrocardiographic, biomarker, genetic and functional evaluation to pursue an individualised approach to patients with cardiomyopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e08"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b3/a4/cfr-09-e08.PMC10326670.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9808398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining Heart Failure Based on Imaging the Heart and Beyond.","authors":"Fraser J Graham,&nbsp;Antonio Iaconelli,&nbsp;Piotr Sonecki,&nbsp;Ross T Campbell,&nbsp;David Hunter,&nbsp;John Gf Cleland,&nbsp;Pierpaolo Pellicori","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water and salt retention, in other words congestion, are fundamental to the pathophysiology of heart failure and are important therapeutic targets. Echocardiography is the key tool with which to assess cardiac structure and function in the initial diagnostic workup of patients with suspected heart failure and is essential for guiding treatment and stratifying risk. Ultrasound can also be used to identify and quantify congestion in the great veins, kidneys and lungs. More advanced imaging methods might further clarify the aetiology of heart failure and its consequences for the heart and periphery, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of care tailored with greater precision to individual patient need.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5a/e1/cfr-09-e10.PMC10326661.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9812498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Persistent Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation on Adequate Oral Anticoagulation: Pathways of Care for All-comers and Heart Failure Patients.","authors":"Josip Katic,&nbsp;Josip Andelo Borovac","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In patients with AF, the presence of left atrial/left atrial appendage (LA/LAA) thrombus is related to an increased risk of thromboembolic events. Anticoagulation therapy, either with vitamin K antagonists or novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) is therefore mandatory in AF with LA/LAA thrombus in order to lower the risk of stroke or other systemic embolic events. Despite the efficacy of these treatments, some patients will have persistent LAA thrombus remaining or may have contraindications to oral anticoagulation. Currently, little is known about the occurrence, risk factors and resolution rate of LA/LAA thrombus in patients who are already under optimal chronic oral anticoagulation, including vitamin K antagonists or NOACs. The common action in clinical practice in this scenario is switching from one to another anticoagulant drug exhibiting a different mechanism of action. Repeated cardiac imaging is then advised within several weeks to visually verify thrombus dissolution. Finally, there is a substantial scarcity of data on the role and optimal use of NOACs after LAA occlusion. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate data and provide up-to-date information on the best antithrombotic strategies in this challenging clinical scenario.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e05"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b1/a4/cfr-09-e05.PMC10311400.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan on Exercise Capacity in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction and the Role of Percentage of Delayed Enhancement Measured by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Predicting Therapeutic Response: A Multicentre Study.","authors":"Cinzia Nugara,&nbsp;Francesco Giallauria,&nbsp;Giuseppe Vitale,&nbsp;Silvia Sarullo,&nbsp;Giovanni Gentile,&nbsp;Francesco Clemenza,&nbsp;Annamaria Lo Voi,&nbsp;Antonino Zarcone,&nbsp;Elio Venturini,&nbsp;Gabriella Iannuzzo,&nbsp;Andrew Js Coats,&nbsp;Filippo M Sarullo","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: This study aims to evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects of sacubitril/valsartan therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), investigating a possible correlation with the degree of myocardial fibrosis, as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 134 outpatients with HFrEF were enrolled. <b>Results</b>: After a mean follow-up of 13.3 ± 6.6 months, an improvement in ejection fraction and a reduction in E/A ratio, inferior vena cava size and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were observed. At follow-up, we observed an increase in VO₂ peak of 16% (p<0.0001) and in O₂ pulse of 13% (p=0.0002) as well as an improvement in ventilatory response associated with a 7% reduction in the VE/VCO₂ slope (p=0.0001). An 8% increase in the ΔVO₂/Δ work ratio and an 18% increase in exercise tolerance were also observed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main predictors of events during follow-up were VE/VCO₂ slope >34 (OR 3.98; 95% CI [1.59-10.54]; p=0.0028); ventilatory oscillatory pattern (OR 4.65; 95% CI [1.55-16.13]; p=0.0052); and haemoglobin level (OR 0.35; 95% CI [0.21-0.55]; p<0.0001). In patients who had cardiac magnetic resonance, when delayed enhancement >4.6% was detected, a lower response after sacubitril/valsartan therapy was observed as expressed by improvement in ΔVO₂ peak, O₂ pulse, LVEF and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. No significant differences were observed in ΔVO₂/Δ work and VE/VCO₂ slope. <b>Conclusion</b>:Sacubitril/valsartan improves cardiopulmonary functional capacity in HFrEF patients. The presence of myocardial fibrosis on cardiac magnetic resonance is a predictor of response to therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e07"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/56/74/cfr-09-e07.PMC10326660.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9814662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicardial Fat in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Bad Actor or Just Lying Around?","authors":"Mary-Tiffany Oduah,&nbsp;Varun Sundaram,&nbsp;Yogesh Nv Reddy","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasingly recognised to be strongly associated with obesity and abnormalities in fat distribution. Epicardial fat has been associated with abnormal haemodynamics in HFpEF, with potential for direct mechanical effects on the heart causing constriction-like physiology and local myocardial remodelling effects from secretion of inflammatory and profibrotic mediators. However, patients with epicardial fat generally have more systemic and visceral adipose tissue making determination of causality between epicardial fat and HFpEF complex. In this review, we will summarise the evidence for epicardial fat being either directly causal in HFpEF pathogenesis or merely being a correlate of worse systemic inflammatory and generalised adiposity. We will also discuss therapies that directly target epicardial fat and may have potential for treating HFpEF and elucidating the independent role of epicardial fat in its pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e06"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/50/31/cfr-09-e06.PMC10311396.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9748524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Public Health Burden of Heart Failure: An Updated Review.","authors":"Bahira Shahim,&nbsp;Chris J Kapelios,&nbsp;Gianluigi Savarese,&nbsp;Lars H Lund","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2023.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2023.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF) is a rapidly growing public health issue with an estimated prevalence of 64 million people globally. Although the incidence of HF has stabilised worldwide and seems to be declining in developed countries, the prevalence is increasing due to the ageing of the population, improved survival after MI and improved treatment and survival of patients with HF. Yet, HF remains associated with high mortality and morbidity, poor quality of life and functional capacity, and confers a substantial burden to the healthcare system. The prevalence, incidence, mortality and morbidity rates reported show geographical variations, depending on the different aetiologies and clinical characteristics observed among patients with HF. In this review, we provide an overview of the global epidemiology of HF with updated data on prevalence, incidence, mortality and morbidity worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/64/c0/cfr-09-e11.PMC10398425.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Involvement in Fabry's Disease: New Advances in Diagnostic Strategies, Outcome Prediction and Management.","authors":"Emanuele Monda,&nbsp;Luigi Falco,&nbsp;Giuseppe Palmiero,&nbsp;Marta Rubino,&nbsp;Alessia Perna,&nbsp;Gaetano Diana,&nbsp;Federica Verrillo,&nbsp;Francesca Dongiglio,&nbsp;Annapaola Cirillo,&nbsp;Adelaide Fusco,&nbsp;Martina Caiazza,&nbsp;Giuseppe Limongelli","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2023.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2023.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular involvement is common in Fabry's disease and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The research is focused on identifying diagnostic clues suggestive of cardiovascular involvement in the preclinical stage of the disease through clinical and imaging markers. Different pathophysiologically driven therapies are currently or will soon be available for the treatment of Fabry's disease, with the most significant benefit observed in the early stages of the disease. Thus, early diagnosis and risk stratification for adverse outcomes are crucial to determine when to start an aetiological treatment. This review describes the cardiovascular involvement in Fabry's disease, focusing on the advances in diagnostic strategies, outcome prediction and disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/84/26/cfr-09-e12.PMC10433112.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10051134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Do so Few People with Heart Failure Receive Cardiac Rehabilitation?","authors":"David R Thompson,&nbsp;Chantal F Ski,&nbsp;Alexander M Clark,&nbsp;Hasnain M Dalal,&nbsp;Rod S Taylor","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many people with heart failure do not receive cardiac rehabilitation despite a strong evidence base attesting to its effectiveness, and national and international guideline recommendations. A more holistic approach to heart failure rehabilitation is proposed as an alternative to the predominant focus on exercise, emphasising the important role of education and psychosocial support, and acknowledging that this depends on patient need, choice and preference. An individualised, needs-led approach, exploiting the latest digital technologies when appropriate, may help fill existing gaps, improve access, uptake and completion, and ensure optimal health and wellbeing for people with heart failure and their families. Exercise, education, lifestyle change and psychosocial support should, as core elements, unless contraindicated due to medical reasons, be offered routinely to people with heart failure, but tailored to individual circumstances, such as with regard to age and frailty, and possibly for recipients of cardiac implantable electronic devices or left ventricular assist devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":" ","pages":"e28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/46/c4/cfr-08-e28.PMC9585646.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40433214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging in Women with Heart Failure: Sex-specific Characteristics and Current Challenges.","authors":"Isabella Leo, Eleni Nakou, Antonio de Marvao, Joyce Wong, Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.17","DOIUrl":"10.15420/cfr.2022.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a significant threat to women's health. Heart failure (HF) is one CVD that still has an increasing incidence and about half of all cases involve women. HF is characterised by strong sex-specific features in aetiology, clinical manifestation and outcomes. Women are more likely to have hypertensive heart disease and HF with preserved ejection fraction, they experience worse quality of life but have a better overall survival rate. Women's hearts also have unique morphological characteristics that should be considered during cardiovascular assessment. It is important to understand and highlight these sex-specific features to be able to provide a tailored diagnostic approach and therapeutic management. The aim of this article is to review these aspects together with the challenges and the unique characteristics of different imaging modalities used for the diagnosis and follow-up of women with HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"8 ","pages":"e29"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dc/df/cfr-08-e29.PMC9585642.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9109799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.","authors":"Kanako Teramoto,&nbsp;Tiew-Hwa Katherine Teng,&nbsp;Chanchal Chandramouli,&nbsp;Jasper Tromp,&nbsp;Yasuhiko Sakata,&nbsp;Carolyn Sp Lam","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.06","url":null,"abstract":"Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection (HFpEF) constitutes a large and growing proportion of patients with HF around the world, and is now responsible for more than half of all HF cases in ageing societies. While classically described as a condition of elderly, hypertensive women, recent studies suggest heterogeneity in clinical phenotypes involving differential characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms. Despite a paucity of disease-modifying therapy for HFpEF, an understanding of phenotypic similarities and differences among patients with HFpEF around the world provides the foundation to recognise the clinical condition for early treatment, as well as to identify modifiable risk factors for preventive intervention. This review summarises the epidemiology of HFpEF, its common clinical features and risk factors, as well as differences by age, comorbidities, race/ethnicity and geography.","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":" ","pages":"e27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/08/22/cfr-08-e27.PMC9379774.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40715344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}