Carbon Energy最新文献_第6页

Nanocellulose‐Induced “Surface‐Lock” Engineering: Curbing the Dissolution of MnO ₂ for High‐Performance Zn–MnO ₂ Flexible Electrodes 纳米纤维素诱导的“表面锁”工程：抑制高性能锌-二氧化锰柔性电极中二氧化锰的溶解

1区材料科学

Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1002/cey2.70097

Meng Zhang, Ting Xu, Wei Liu, Han Zhang, Junjie Qi, Xuan Wang, Yaxuan Wang, Liyu Zhu, Kun Liu, Junfeng Wang, Chuanling Si

{"title":"Nanocellulose‐Induced “Surface‐Lock” Engineering: Curbing the Dissolution of MnO 2 for High‐Performance Zn–MnO 2 Flexible Electrodes","authors":"Meng Zhang, Ting Xu, Wei Liu, Han Zhang, Junjie Qi, Xuan Wang, Yaxuan Wang, Liyu Zhu, Kun Liu, Junfeng Wang, Chuanling Si","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70097","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Carbon‐based substrates in Zn–MnO 2 flexible batteries have issues of low adhesion to MnO 2 , impacting cycle stability and capacity performance. A triple‐synergistic strategy integrating C–O–Mn covalent bonding, wettability optimization, and hierarchical mesoporous engineering via cellulose nanofibers/carbon nanotube (CNF/CNT)‐modified carbon cloth (CC) was proposed. This design achieves a “surface‐locking” effect between the substrate and electrode materials, which was proven through theory and experiments. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations validate the “surface‐locking” mechanism, where oxygen functionalities on CNF can form robust CO–Mn bonds with MnO 2 , inducing an increase in MnO 2 adsorption energy from −0.21 eV (pristine CC) to −1.36 eV, effectively suppressing Mn dissolution. Optimal wettability (contact angle: 97°) reduced Zn 2+ desolvation and water‐induced side reactions. Hierarchical pore structures accelerated Zn 2+ diffusion. The optimized CC@CNF 1 /CNT 2 –MnO 2 cathode achieves 92% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 1 A/g. This study highlights a surface engineering strategy that effectively addresses the individual challenges associated with interfacial adhesion, reaction kinetics, and ion transport. This strategy offers fundamental insights into electrode interface modification for the development of next‐generation flexible energy storage systems.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Biomimetic Design of “Trunk-Branch-Leaf” Metallene Electrode for Efficient CO2 Electroreduction 高效CO2电还原“干-枝-叶”型金属烯电极仿生设计

IF 24.2 1区材料科学

Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1002/cey2.70122

Min Zhang, Ronghao Bai, Yuan Liang, Xun Zhu, Qian Fu, Qiang Liao

{"title":"Biomimetic Design of “Trunk-Branch-Leaf” Metallene Electrode for Efficient CO2 Electroreduction","authors":"Min Zhang, Ronghao Bai, Yuan Liang, Xun Zhu, Qian Fu, Qiang Liao","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70122","url":null,"abstract":"Controllable synthesis of ultrathin metallene nanosheets and rational design of their spatial arrangement in favor of electrochemical catalysis are critical for their renewable energy applications. Here, a biomimetic design of “Trunk-Branch-Leaf” strategy is proposed to prepare the ultrathin edge-riched Zn-ene “leaves” with a thickness of ~2.5 nm, adjacent Zn-ene cross-linked with each other, which are supported by copper nanoneedle “branches” on copper mesh “trunks,” named as Zn-ene/Cu-CM. The resulting superstructure enables the formation of an interconnected network and multiple channels, which can be used as an electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) electrode to allow a fast charge and mass transfer as well as a large electrolyte reservoir. By virtue of the distinctive structure, the obtained Zn-ene/Cu-CM electrode exhibits excellent selectivity and activity toward CO production with a maximum Faradaic efficiency of 91.3% and incredible partial current density up to 40 mA cm−2, outperforming most of the state-of-the-art Zn-based electrodes for CO2 reduction. The phenolphthalein color probe combined with in situ attenuated total reflection-infrared spectroscopy uncovered the formation of the localized pseudo-alkaline microenvironment at the interface of the Zn-ene/Cu-CM electrode. Theoretical calculations confirmed that the localized pH as the origin is responsible for the adsorption of CO2 at the interface and the generation of *COOH and *CO intermediates. This study offers valuable insights into developing efficient electrodes through synergistic regulation of reaction microenvironments and active sites, thereby facilitating the electrolysis of practical CO2 conversion.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146007332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rethinking the Roles of Graphite and Graphene in Lithium-Ion Batteries From Environmental and Industrial Perspectives 从环境和工业角度重新思考石墨和石墨烯在锂离子电池中的作用

IF 24.2 1区材料科学

Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/cey2.70099

Benjamin Robinson, Jie Yang, Rui Tan, Sergey Alekseev, Chee Tong John Low

{"title":"Rethinking the Roles of Graphite and Graphene in Lithium-Ion Batteries From Environmental and Industrial Perspectives","authors":"Benjamin Robinson, Jie Yang, Rui Tan, Sergey Alekseev, Chee Tong John Low","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70099","url":null,"abstract":"Graphite, encompassing both natural graphite and synthetic graphite, and graphene, have been extensively utilized and investigated as anode materials and additives in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In the pursuit of carbon neutrality, LIBs are expected to play a pivotal role in reducing CO₂ emissions by decreasing reliance on fossil fuels and enabling the integration of renewable energy sources. Owing to their technological maturity and exceptional electrochemical performance, the global production of graphite and graphene for LIBs is projected to continue expanding. Over the past decades, numerous researchers have concentrated on reducing the material and energy input whilst optimising the electrochemical performance of graphite and graphene, through novel synthesis methods and various modifications at the laboratory scale. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the manufacturing methods, environmental impact, research progress, and challenges associated with graphite and graphene in LIBs from an industrial perspective, with a particular focus on the carbon footprint of production processes. Additionally, it considers emerging challenges and future development directions of graphite and graphene, offering significant insights for ongoing and future research in the field of green LIBs.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146007692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Activating Integrated Carbon-Based Air Cathodes With In Situ Oxygen Functionalization for Durable and High-Performance Metal–Air Batteries 具有原位氧功能化的自激活集成碳基空气阴极，用于耐用和高性能金属-空气电池

IF 24.2 1区材料科学

Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/cey2.70110

Funing Bian, Yuexi Chen, Hongfei Zhang, Junfang Cheng, Shulin Gao, Sujuan Hu

{"title":"Self-Activating Integrated Carbon-Based Air Cathodes With In Situ Oxygen Functionalization for Durable and High-Performance Metal–Air Batteries","authors":"Funing Bian, Yuexi Chen, Hongfei Zhang, Junfang Cheng, Shulin Gao, Sujuan Hu","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70110","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon-based air cathodes offer low cost, high electrical conductivity, and structural tunability. However, they suffer from limited catalytic activity and inefficient gas transport, and they typically rely on noble metal additives or complex multilayer configurations. To tackle these issues, this study devised a self-activated integrated carbon-based air cathode. By integrating in situ catalytic site construction with structural optimization, the strategy not only induces the formation of oxygen functional groups (─C─OH, ─C═O, ─COOH), hierarchical pores, and uniformly distributed active sites, but also establishes a favorable electronic and mass-transport environment. Furthermore, the roll-pressing-based integrated design streamlines electrode construction, reinforces interfacial bonding, and significantly enhances mechanical stability. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that oxygen functional groups initiate hydrogen bonding interaction and promote charge enrichment, which improves the activity of the cathode and facilitates intermediate adsorption/desorption in oxygen reduction and evolution reactions processes. As a result, the integrated air cathode-based rechargeable zinc-air batteries (RZABs) achieve a high specific capacity of 811 mAh g–1. It also performs well in quasi-solid-state RZABs and silicon-air batteries systems across a wide temperature range, demonstrating strong adaptability and application potential. This study provides a scalable and cost-effective design strategy for high-performance carbon-based air cathodes, offering new insights into advancing durable and practical metal–air energy systems.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146007693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Precise Fluorination Strategy of Solvent via Local-to-Global Design Toward High-Voltage and Safe Li-Ion Batteries 高压安全锂离子电池局部到全局设计的溶剂精确氟化策略

IF 24.2 1区材料科学

Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/cey2.70109

Yuting Wang, Li Yang, Guan Wu, Heng Dong, Ruitao Sun, Junfei Li, Weijie Ding, Jinjin Zhu, Chao Yang

{"title":"Precise Fluorination Strategy of Solvent via Local-to-Global Design Toward High-Voltage and Safe Li-Ion Batteries","authors":"Yuting Wang, Li Yang, Guan Wu, Heng Dong, Ruitao Sun, Junfei Li, Weijie Ding, Jinjin Zhu, Chao Yang","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70109","url":null,"abstract":"Strategic fluorination of solvent, a prominent strategy to enhance the electrolyte oxidation resistance and engineer a robust cathode–electrolyte interface, is crucial for realizing high-voltage lithium-ion batteries. Actually, the adaptability of fluorinated solvents to high voltages is critically determined by the degree of fluorination and the fluorination site, yet lacks systematic design principles. Herein, we introduce a solvent screening descriptor based on ionization energy and Fukui function to assess molecular and site-specific reactivity. Computational and experimental results demonstrate that an optimal solvent with low ground-state energies and reactive sites is required as an ideal candidate for high-voltage electrolytes. Among derivatives from anisole, (trifluoromethoxy)benzene is identified as a superior candidate, enabling the formulation of a low reactivity solution (LPT) as electrolyte. Remarkably, the prepared Li‖LCO cell using LPT electrolyte maintained a high-capacity retention of 78.8% after 600 cycles at 4.5 V. In addition, the formation of an inorganic-rich interphase from LPT electrolyte effectively suppresses structural degradation to ensure a fast dynamic behavior. The utilization of LPT electrolyte also greatly reduces the amount of heat released and the production of O2 gas, which is favorable for addressing thermal runaway hazards. This screening strategy offers a practical approach for the design of flame-retardant high-voltage electrolytes.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145831637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electronically Conductive Metal−Organic Framework With Photoelectric and Photothermal Effect as a Stable Cathode for High-Temperature Photo-Assisted Zn/Sn-Air Battery 具有光电和光热效应的导电金属-有机骨架作为高温光辅助Zn/ sn -空气电池的稳定阴极

IF 24.2 1区材料科学

Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/cey2.70103

Jiangchang Chen, Chuntao Yang, Yao Dong, Ya Han, Yingjian Yu

{"title":"Electronically Conductive Metal−Organic Framework With Photoelectric and Photothermal Effect as a Stable Cathode for High-Temperature Photo-Assisted Zn/Sn-Air Battery","authors":"Jiangchang Chen, Chuntao Yang, Yao Dong, Ya Han, Yingjian Yu","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70103","url":null,"abstract":"Rechargeable Zn/Sn-air batteries have received considerable attention as promising energy storage devices. However, the electrochemical performance of these batteries is significantly constrained by the sluggish electrocatalytic reaction kinetics at the cathode. The integration of light energy into Zn/Sn-air batteries is a promising strategy for enhancing their performance. However, the photothermal and photoelectric effects generate heat in the battery under prolonged solar irradiation, leading to air cathode instability. This paper presents the first design and synthesis of Ni2-1,5-diamino-4,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (Ni2DDA), an electronically conductive π-d conjugated metal–organic framework (MOF). Ni2DDA exhibits both photoelectric and photothermal effects, with an optical band gap of ~1.14 eV. Under illumination, Ni2DDA achieves excellent oxygen evolution reaction performance (with an overpotential of 245 mV vs. reversible hydrogen electrode at 10 mA cm−2) and photothermal stability. These properties result from the synergy between the photoelectric and photothermal effects of Ni2DDA. Upon integration into Zn/Sn-air batteries, Ni2DDA ensures excellent cycling stability under light and exhibits remarkable performance in high-temperature environments up to 80°C. This study experimentally confirms the stable operation of photo-assisted Zn/Sn-air batteries under high-temperature conditions for the first time and provides novel insights into the application of electronically conductive MOFs in photoelectrocatalysis and photothermal catalysis.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146007690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three-Stage Heat Transfer Pathways in the Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage System With Solid–Liquid Phase-Change Materials 固-液相变材料潜热蓄热系统的三级传热路径

IF 24.2 1区材料科学

Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/cey2.70081

Qian Xu, Di Yang, Caixia Yang, Pengxiang Zhao, Andrey A. Shiryaev, Ruitao Zhang, Gang Li, Huachao Yang, Haihong Wang, Yiyao Ge, Yong Zang, Yulong Ding

{"title":"Three-Stage Heat Transfer Pathways in the Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage System With Solid–Liquid Phase-Change Materials","authors":"Qian Xu, Di Yang, Caixia Yang, Pengxiang Zhao, Andrey A. Shiryaev, Ruitao Zhang, Gang Li, Huachao Yang, Haihong Wang, Yiyao Ge, Yong Zang, Yulong Ding","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70081","url":null,"abstract":"The latent heat thermal energy storage system with solid–liquid phase-change material (SLPCM-LHTES) as energy storage medium provides outstanding advantages such as system simplicity, stable temperature control, and high energy storage density, showing great potential toward addressing the energy storage problems associated with decentralized, intermittent, and unstable renewable energy sources. Notably, effective heat transfer within the SLPCM-LHTES is crucial for extending its application potential. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the heat transfer processes in SLPCM-LHTES from a theoretical perspective is necessary. In this review, we propose a three-stage heat transfer pathway in SLPCM-LHTES, including external heating, interfacial heat transfer, and intrinsic phase transition processes. From the perspective of this three-stage pathway, the theoretical basis of heat transfer processes and typical efficiency enhancement strategies in SLPCM-LHTES are summarized. Moreover, an overview of the typical applications of SLPCM-LHTES in various fields, such as building energy efficiency, textiles and garments, and battery thermal management, is presented. Finally, the remaining challenges and possible avenues of research in this burgeoning field will also be discussed.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145831615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct Growth of Leopard-Patterned Graphene on Zinc Anodes via Sonochemistry for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries 用声化学方法在锌阳极上直接生长豹纹石墨烯用于高性能水锌离子电池

IF 24.2 1区材料科学

Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/cey2.70093

Dong Il Kim, Jun-Hui Choi, Wonki Lee, Byung Do Lee, Min Kyeong Kim, Woon Bae Park, Jin Pyo Hong, Jun Yeon Hwang, Jae-Hyun Lee, John Hong

{"title":"Direct Growth of Leopard-Patterned Graphene on Zinc Anodes via Sonochemistry for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries","authors":"Dong Il Kim, Jun-Hui Choi, Wonki Lee, Byung Do Lee, Min Kyeong Kim, Woon Bae Park, Jin Pyo Hong, Jun Yeon Hwang, Jae-Hyun Lee, John Hong","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70093","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous zinc-ion batteries encounter issues with the formation of Zn dendrites and parasitic reactions at Zn anodes. To address these issues, coating Zn anodes with two-dimensional (2D) nanocarbon materials, such as graphene, has proven effective in ensuring uniform current distribution and facilitating charge transfer. While direct growth of 2D nanocarbon on Zn substrates offers significant advantages, it remains challenging due to Zn's low melting point (420°C). In this study, as a first proof-of-concept, a unique sonochemical route was developed to directly grow crystalline-amorphous mixed 2D nanocarbon films, named “Leopard-patterned graphene,” on Zn substrates. This unique structure provides uniform nucleation sites while maintaining high Zn2+ ion permeability, mitigating dendrite formation. In Zn symmetric coin cell tests, the Zn electrodes coated with Leopard-patterned graphene maintained stable cycling for over 2000 h at a constant current density of 3 mA cm−2. This study introduces an innovative approach for bottom-up synthesis of 2D nanocarbon on Zn substrates under ambient conditions and demonstrates its potential to address critical challenges in Zn-ion battery performance. The findings provide insights into advanced electrode design strategies for next-generation energy storage devices.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research Progress on High-Energy Rechargeable Sn-Based Batteries 高能可充电锡基电池的研究进展

IF 24.2 1区材料科学

Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/cey2.70091

Yao Dong, Rongli Wang, Yingjian Yu

引用次数: 0

Prevention of Frost-Driven Self-Fracture of Ionomer-Bound Carbon Films by Controlling Freezable Water Domain Size 通过控制可冻水畴大小来防止离聚体结合碳膜的霜冻自裂

IF 24.2 1区材料科学

Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/cey2.70098

Jae-Bum Pyo, Ji Hun Kim, Taek-Soo Kim

{"title":"Prevention of Frost-Driven Self-Fracture of Ionomer-Bound Carbon Films by Controlling Freezable Water Domain Size","authors":"Jae-Bum Pyo, Ji Hun Kim, Taek-Soo Kim","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70098","url":null,"abstract":"The frost-driven self-fracture of ionomer-bound carbon electrodes compromises the mechanical stability of electrochemical systems under subzero conditions. This study suggests that the mechanical degradation of ionomer-bound carbon electrodes under subfreezing conditions is primarily driven by damage within the ionomer binder phase rather than within the nanopores. This damage occurs owing to the expansion of confined water upon freezing. Reducing the size of the freezable water domains significantly enhances the mechanical robustness. Structural and mechanical analyses reveal that thermal reconfiguration effectively modifies the ionomer nanostructure, leading to an approximately 30% reduction in water uptake and improved resistance to frost-induced self-fracturing. Nanostructural analyses further confirm that crystallized packing in the ionomer binder minimizes the number of water retention sites, thereby restricting the buildup of internal stress during freezing. Consequently, the elongation of the as-prepared electrodes reduces by approximately 65% after freezing at −10°C, whereas that of the thermally reconfigured electrodes is above 90% of its initial value with minimal deterioration. These findings highlight the critical role of ionomer-phase engineering in improving the low-temperature durability of ionomer-bound carbon electrodes, providing a scalable strategy applicable to fuel cells, water electrolyzers, and next-generation energy storage systems without requiring antifreezing agents.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0