Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic associations of depressive symptoms and aging on cognitive decline in early Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Lea Hemphill ,&nbsp;Yenny Valenzuela ,&nbsp;Kenya Luna ,&nbsp;Sarah M. Szymkowicz ,&nbsp;Jacob D. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder. About 40%–50% of PD patients experience depression, making it one of the most common neuropsychiatric disturbances in PD. Cognitive deficits (e.g., difficulties with memory, attention) are an additional common complication in PD. Past studies among healthy aging individuals suggest that depression is a risk factor for cognitive decline, and the risk increases with older age. This study aims to examine the association between depressive symptoms on cognitive decline as a function of age among patients with PD. It is hypothesized that older PD patients with more severe depressive symptoms will be at greater risk of cognitive decline than their younger or less depressed counterparts.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Four hundred and eighty-seven newly diagnosed patients with PD, were assessed for depression and cognition over a five-year period. Participants completed neuropsychological tests that assessed memory, learning, attention, visuospatial functioning, processing speed, and verbal fluency. Multilevel-modeling was used to examine the longitudinal association between cognition, age, and depressive symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results indicated a significant three-way interaction (age X occasion X depressive symptoms) predicting language and working memory/attention performance. More specifically, detrimental associations of depressive symptoms on cognitive decline in these domains were more pronounced among older adults.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings support that older PD patients with comorbid depressive symptoms experience greater cognitive decline compared to their younger counterparts. Findings suggest that older individuals with PD may be more vulnerable to neurotoxic effects of depression (e.g., neuroinflammation, HPA axis disruption), and better management of depression could potentially reduce cognitive decline and dementia risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33691,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10034501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9192761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait and balance in apolipoprotein Ɛ4 allele carriers in older adults and Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Rosie Morris ,&nbsp;Douglas N. Martini ,&nbsp;Valerie E. Kelly ,&nbsp;Katrijn Smulders ,&nbsp;Katrina Ramsey ,&nbsp;Amie Hiller ,&nbsp;Kathryn A. Chung ,&nbsp;Shu-Ching Hu ,&nbsp;Cyrus P. Zabetian ,&nbsp;Kathleen L. Poston ,&nbsp;Ignacio F. Mata ,&nbsp;Karen L. Edwards ,&nbsp;Jodi Lapidus ,&nbsp;Brenna Cholerton ,&nbsp;Thomas J. Montine ,&nbsp;Joseph F. Quinn ,&nbsp;Fay Horak","doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Gait and balance impairments are among the most troublesome and heterogeneous in Parkinson’s disease (PD). This heterogeneity may, in part, reflect genetic variation. The apolipoprotein E (<em>APOE</em>) gene has three major allelic variants (ε2, ε3 and ε4). Previous work has demonstrated that older adult (OA) <em>APOE</em> ε4 carriers demonstrate gait deficits. This study compared gait and balance measures between <em>APOE</em> ε4 carriers and non-carriers in both OA and PD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>334 people with PD (81 <em>APOE</em> ε4 carriers and 253 non-carriers) and 144 OA (41 carriers and 103 non-carriers) were recruited. Gait and balance were assessed using body-worn inertial sensors. Two-way analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) compared gait and balance characteristics between <em>APOE</em> ε4 carriers and non-carriers in people with PD and OA, controlling for age, gender, and testing site.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Gait and balance were worse in people with PD compared to OA. However, there were no differences between <em>APOE</em> ε4 carriers and non-carriers in either the OA or PD group. In addition, there were no significant group (OA/PD) by <em>APOE</em> ε4 status (carrier/non-carrier) interaction effects for any measures of gait or balance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although we found expected impairments in gait and balance in PD compared to OA, gait and balance characteristics did not differ between <em>APOE</em> ε4 carriers and non-carriers in either group. While <em>APOE</em> status did not impact gait and balance in this cross-sectional study, future work is needed to determine whether progression of gait and balance deficits is faster in PD <em>APOE</em> Ɛ4 carriers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33691,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f6/5e/main.PMC10209874.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10249713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood pressure variability in Parkinson's Disease patients – Case control study","authors":"Mariana Alves ,&nbsp;Daniel Caldeira ,&nbsp;Joaquim J. Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The cardiovascular risk of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients is uncertain. Blood pressure variability (BPV) has been associated with cardiovascular and mortality outcomes. We aimed to evaluate blood pressure variability, as a marker of cardiovascular risk, in patients with PD and matched community controls.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional case-control study was performed. All subjects included in the analysis were clinically evaluated and performed a 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. BPV was assessed using standard deviations (SDs) of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) for each period – 24 h, daytime, and night-time.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study included 204 participants, 102 in each group. Mean age 66 years old and 59% man. Most PD patients presented mild symptoms (mean Hoehn&amp;Yahr 2.04). Daytime BPV was significantly higher in PD patients (SD SBP 14.1 mmHg vs 12.96 mmHg and SD DBP 9.39 mmHg vs 8.29 mmHg), but 24 h and night-time BPV were non-significantly increased. PD patients present non-significant higher night-time SBP (114 mmHg vs 110 mmHg) as well as higher frequency of non-dippers or reverse dippers BP profiles (51% vs 36%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our exploratory study suggests that PD patients may present a higher blood pressure variability, which may translate in an increased cardiovascular risk. However, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis and causality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33691,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9a/a1/main.PMC9995452.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9469522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated mechanical peripheral stimulation for gait rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease: A comprehensive review","authors":"Roberto Tedeschi","doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Automated Mechanical Peripheral Stimulation (AMPS) has emerged as a potential rehabilitative intervention for gait abnormalities in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the long-term effects and combined therapy with physical exercise remain unclear. This review aimed to explore the effects of automated mechanical peripheral stimulation (AMPS) on gait and motor performance in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A research was conducted in relevant databases to identify studies investigating the effects of AMPS on gait and motor outcomes in PD patients. Inclusion criteria were set based on Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) criteria. Data extraction and analysis were performed to synthesize the findings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The studies collectively demonstrated positive effects of AMPS on gait parameters, such as walking velocity, stride length, and walking stability. Some studies also reported improvements in functional performance and muscle activation during walking.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings suggest that AMPS holds promise as a potential intervention to improve gait and motor performance in individuals with PD. However, the evidence is limited, and further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to establish the long-term efficacy and optimal protocols for AMPS in PD rehabilitation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33691,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41168503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent hemichoreoathetosis-hemidystonia after nonketotic hyperosmolar hyperglycemia","authors":"Mark S. LeDoux","doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most commonly, hemichorea associated with nonketotic and ketotic hyperglycemia resolves with normalization of blood glucose. Herein, we present a case of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic left hemichoreoathetosis-hemidystonia that has persisted for over 1 year. The subject presented to the emergency room with dysarthria and manifested left hemichoreoathetosis-hemidystonia within 36 h of admission. Initial computed tomography (CT) showed hyperdensity in the right putamen and left caudate. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed T1 hyperintensity within the right putamen. Failure to detect these classic imaging abnormalities during hospitalization resulted in a delayed etiologic diagnosis. Modest symptomatic improvement in the severity of hemichoreoathetosis-hemidystonia has been noted with low dose tetrabenazine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33691,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49817555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommendations for a paradigm shift in approach to increase the recognition and treatment of sialorrhea in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Bruno Bergmans ,&nbsp;Veronica Clark ,&nbsp;Stuart H. Isaacson ,&nbsp;Tobias Bäumer","doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sialorrhea, or drooling, is defined as excessive saliva accumulation and unwanted loss of saliva from the mouth or over the tongue and into the pharynx. It constitutes one of the most frequent and bothersome complaints of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), affecting up to 84% of them. Sialorrhea is a distressing and challenging condition that may result in social isolation, embarrassment, depression, skin infections, poor oral health, and aspiration pneumonia. To better understand the burden of sialorrhea on patients with PD, Parkinson’s Europe carried out a worldwide patient survey which showed that sialorrhea remains an underrecognized and undertreated issue in patients with PD. This is especially problematic because effective therapeutic options are available. This article presents the results of the Parkinson’s Europe Sialorrhea Survey, which were considered by a multidisciplinary panel of experts to provide recommendations for improving the awareness, diagnosis, management, and treatment of sialorrhea in patients with PD. A shift in the treatment paradigm for sialorrhea in patients with PD is emerging. It is essential to better educate patients, family members, caregivers, and healthcare professionals about sialorrhea; to engage all those involved to actively discuss sialorrhea and measure its impact on quality of life; and to recognize the role of botulinum toxin and speech and language therapy as first-line therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33691,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590112523000415/pdfft?md5=b8d0ef17ef903d00d060ebc0e7c485c6&pid=1-s2.0-S2590112523000415-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92043028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dopamine agonists in Parkinson’s disease: Impact of D1-like or D2-like dopamine receptor subtype selectivity and avenues for future treatment","authors":"Stuart H. Isaacson ,&nbsp;Robert A. Hauser ,&nbsp;Rajesh Pahwa ,&nbsp;David Gray ,&nbsp;Sridhar Duvvuri","doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dopamine agonists (DAs) have demonstrated efficacy for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) but are limited by adverse effects (AEs). DAs can vary considerably in their receptor subtype selectivity and affinity, chemical composition, receptor occupancy, and intrinsic activity on the receptor. Most currently approved DAs for PD treatment primarily target D2/D3 (D2-like) dopamine receptors. However, selective activation of D1/D5 (D1-like) dopamine receptors may enable robust activation of motor function while avoiding AEs related to D2/D3 receptor agonism. Full D1/D5 receptor-selective agonists have been explored in small, early-phase clinical studies, and although their efficacy for motor symptoms was robust, challenges with pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, cardiovascular AEs, and dyskinesia rates similar to levodopa prevented clinical advancement. Generally, repeated dopaminergic stimulation with full DAs is associated with frontostriatal dysfunction and sensitization that may induce plastic changes in the motor system, and neuroadaptations that produce long-term motor and nonmotor complications, respectively. Recent preclinical and clinical studies suggest that a D1/D5 receptor-selective partial agonist may hold promise for providing sustained, predictable, and robust motor control, while reducing risk for motor complications (e.g., levodopa-induced dyskinesia) and nonmotor AEs (e.g., impulse control disorders and excessive daytime sleepiness). Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate this hypothesis. The potential emerging availability of novel dopamine receptor agonists with selective dopamine receptor pharmacology suggests that the older terminology “dopamine agonist” may need revision to distinguish older-generation D2/D3–selective agonists from D1/D5-selective agonists with distinct efficacy and tolerability characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33691,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/58/4c/main.PMC10366643.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9937124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of bradykinesia and chorea in Huntington's Disease using ambulatory monitoring","authors":"Katya Kotschet ,&nbsp;Sarah Osborn ,&nbsp;Malcolm Horne","doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2022.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2022.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The feasibility of measuring bradykinesia and chorea in Huntington's Disease using a wearable sensor system (Parkinson’s Kinetigraph: PKG) developed for measuring bradykinesia and dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease was assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scales (UHDRS) and a PKG were obtained for 25 people with Huntington's Disease. Bradykinesia and Chorea Score were derived from relevant sub-scores of the UHDRS and compared with the PKG’s bradykinesia and dyskinesia scores. The PKG’s daytime sleepiness score was also used.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was good correlation between Chorea Scores and the PKG’s dyskinesia score (Pearson’s ρ = 0.66). Correlation between the Bradykinesia Scores and the PKG’s bradykinesia score was also good (Pearson’s ρ = 0.51) in cases whose PKG scores were in the normal or bradykinetic range. The PKG’s bradykinesia score of 23, which is in the higher range of control subjects, separated participants into those with Independence Score ≥ 80 or &lt; 80 and a Functional Assessment (FAS) score ≥ 18 or &lt; 18. The PKG’s daytime sleep score was high in 44 % of participants, whose average time asleep was 21 % compared to 1.6 % in participants with a normal sleep index. Participants with high sleep scores were significantly more likely to have low Independence and TFC scores.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Measures of bradykinesia and dyskinesia from clinical scales have acceptable correlations with those from the PKG. Continuous monitoring provides information about daytime sleep, which was associated with lower functional status. Further studies and larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings and the utility of this measure in Huntington's Disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33691,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/25/87/main.PMC9798162.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10465934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening cut-off scores for clinically significant fatigue in early Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Asenath X.A. Huether ,&nbsp;Todd Pottinger ,&nbsp;Jau-Shin Lou","doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Fatigue is one of the most disabling non-motor symptoms in PD. Researchers have previously used cut-offs validated in non-PD conditions when using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) or the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) scores to evaluate fatigue in PD.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>We used a set of criteria for diagnosing clinically significant fatigue in PD to identify the proper cut-offs of the FSS and MFI.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>One hundred thirty-one PD patients (59F; age 67.3 ± 7.6 y; H&amp;Y 1.6 ± 0.7) were assessed for clinically significant fatigue, followed by the FSS, MFI, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA). Mean scores were compared between 17 patients who met diagnostic criteria (significant fatigue group, SFG) and 114 who did not (non-significant fatigue group, NSFG).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The SFG had significantly higher scores in the 9-item FSS (<em>p</em> &lt;.0001), total MFI score (<em>p</em> &lt;.0001), and every MFI dimension except reduced motivation (<em>p</em> =.1) than the NSFG. Using area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, we recommend the following cut-offs: 9-item FSS 37; total MFI 60; general fatigue 11; reduced activity 10; physical fatigue 9; mental fatigue 9; and reduced motivation 9.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The recommended cut-offs for clinically significant fatigue in the FSS, MFI, and MFI dimensions will be valuable for diagnosing clinically significant fatigue and for future studies in investigating pathophysiology and potential treatments of fatigue in PD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33691,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590112523000464/pdfft?md5=ba38b42fd2e837ebdad4e009b73b35e3&pid=1-s2.0-S2590112523000464-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92115086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive cognitive analysis of cervical dystonia: A single centre study","authors":"Shameer Rafee ,&nbsp;Madeleine Diepman ,&nbsp;Derval McCormack ,&nbsp;Ruth Monaghan ,&nbsp;Conor Fearon ,&nbsp;Michael Hutchinson ,&nbsp;Fiadhnait O'Keeffe","doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cervical dystonia (CD) presents as a motor disorder but has a number of non-motor features. Studies have demonstrated diverse changes in cognition in patients with CD. The rarity of this disorder, phenotypic heterogeneity, and, in particular, a lack of consistency in cognitive testing measures limits clear definition of cognitive changes in this disorder. The relationship between cognition, motor symptoms and quality of life has not been well defined. We undertook a comprehensive analysis of cognition in CD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients with adult onset idiopathic isolated CD (AOICD) who had completed a battery of cognitive assessments- general intellectual functioning, verbal and visual memory, executive functions and social cognition measures, were included. Participants were assessed for mood symptoms, motor severity and quality of life.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>13 patients (8 women) with AOICD were included covering 40 cognitive subtests. Mean age was 59.9 years and mean TWSTRS-2 severity was 11. Mean estimated premorbid function was in the normal range. Overall performance on most measures were within normal limits. The lowest mean z-score was observed in Florida Affect Battery (social cognition) subtests, z = −1.75 and −0.81. and in verbal recall, z = −0.82. The majority of patients (75%) scored below population mean on spatial working memory and (62%) performed below population mean on word retrieval and working memory.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We provide detailed cognitive results across a wide range of measures. Although patients tended towards average outcomes on the majority of tests, poorer performance than expected averages were noted in measures of social cognition, word retrieval, spatial working memory and, processing speed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33691,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Parkinsonism Related Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49858628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}