Global TransitionsPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.003
Orgil Balgansuren , Narumon Arunotai
{"title":"Insights on energy, poverty, and gender nexus in urban ger district households: A case study from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia","authors":"Orgil Balgansuren , Narumon Arunotai","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda calls for integrating gender equality in all aspects of sustainable development. Still, there is limited understanding of how energy, poverty, and gender intersect in urban areas, particularly in Ulaanbaatar's <em>ger</em> districts, one of the world's coldest and most polluted capitals. <em>Ger</em> districts are disadvantaged residential areas consisting of traditional felt tents or self-built houses. This study addresses this knowledge gap using an intersectional gender perspective to explore how energy and air pollution impact residents. The study collected data through interviews with thirty-one <em>ger</em> district residents of various ages, (dis)abilities, health statuses, and observations and analysis of secondary data. The findings show the impact of severe air pollution and inequities on low-income residents, older individuals, and those with disabilities or poor health. The study reveals that energy poverty disproportionately affects women, highlighting the role of gender norms. It calls for more inclusive energy and environmental policies, emphasizing women's involvement in policy design and implementation for greater justice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 189-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global TransitionsPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-06-15DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.06.003
Nophea Sasaki
{"title":"Addressing scandals and greenwashing in carbon offset markets: A framework for reform","authors":"Nophea Sasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Voluntary carbon markets (VCMs) are becoming increasingly central to corporate climate strategies and global emissions reduction efforts. However, recent carbon scandals and greenwashing controversies have exposed major integrity gaps. This review synthesizes evidence from academic research, regulatory reports, and case studies to analyze systemic weaknesses—such as fraudulent crediting, inflated baselines, lack of additionality, and unverifiable climate claims—that undermine the credibility and effectiveness of carbon offsetting. Poor governance, inadequate monitoring and verification (MRV), and limited accountability have triggered reputational and financial risks, diminishing trust in VCMs as legitimate climate finance mechanisms. To address these shortcomings, we propose a six-pillar reform framework comprising (1) transparency, (2) verification integrity, (3) accountability, (4) environmental and social safeguards, (5) smart technologies, and (6) strategic alignment with global goals. The framework is grounded in practical tools, including blockchain-enabled registries, AI-assisted MRV, rights-based standards, and legal mechanisms to improve credit quality and stakeholder confidence. We also evaluate emerging regulatory instruments—such as Article 6 of the Paris Agreement—and integrity initiatives aimed at harmonizing rules and preventing abuse. Drawing from real-world REDD + projects, we assess how digital innovations can support permanence, additionality, and leakage prevention, while also recognizing their limitations without institutional enforcement. Aligning carbon market reforms with broader sustainability and equity objectives can enhance co-benefits—such as biodiversity protection, air quality improvement, and community resilience—while supporting net-zero transitions and strengthening the legitimacy of post-2025 climate finance systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 375-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of admission-avoidance hospital at home as alternative to routine hospital care in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Mengyuan Cheng , Lulu Lin , Xiaowen Cao , Weiming Tang , Xin Xu , Xiaoxue Zhang , Yongshun Huang , Junzhang Tian , Zhongzhi Xu , Weibin Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of home-based programmes to prevent hospital admissions compared with traditional hospital-based care for older adults. Health outcomes analysed included readmission rates, mortality, and length of treatment. Data from 15 studies were synthesised using Review Manager (version 5.4), and heterogeneity was assessed using forest plots and <em>I</em><sup>2</sup>statistics. Subgroup analyses were performed for randomised controlled trials and for specific patient groups, such as those with cardiovascular and respiratory disease. The results suggest that hospital at home programmes may reduce the risk of readmission (risk ratio = 0.76, 95 % CI 0.58 to 1.01, P = 0.05), especially for patients with respiratory diseases (risk ratio = 0.53, 95 % CI 0.39 to 0.73, P = 0.00007), with no significant differences in mortality or treatment duration between groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 342-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global TransitionsPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-05-30DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.05.002
Chuan-Guo Guo , Yufan Liu , Feifei Zhang
{"title":"Association of air pollution with ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes, COPD, lung cancer, and all-cause mortality: Effect modification by pro-inflammatory diet","authors":"Chuan-Guo Guo , Yufan Liu , Feifei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The role of interactions of diet and air pollution in health outcomes remain unclear. This study investigated the combined effects of a pro-inflammatory diet and long-term air pollution exposure on the risk of five common diseases and all-cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 120,000 UK Biobank participants with ≥2 Oxford WebQ 24-h dietary assessments. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to examine the associations between two exposures—Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores and seven air pollutants (PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>X</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, CO, and benzene)—with six outcomes: ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, diabetes (all diabetes types encompassing insulin- and non-insulin-dependent, and others), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and mortality. Non-linear exposure–response associations were modeled using shape-constrained health impact functions and penalized splines. Multiplicative interaction effects between DII and air pollutants were evaluated via likelihood-ratio tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings indicated exposure to air pollutants were associated with increased risks of diabetes, COPD, IHD, and stroke (hazard ratios 1.004–1.049). Higher DII predicted 1.034–1.086 fold greater risk of diabetes, COPD, lung cancer, and mortality. Significant multiplicative interactions (<em>P</em> for interaction <0.05) indicated that the effects of air pollutant on diabetes, COPD, and mortality were amplified among participants with higher DII, whereas no significant air pollutant-outcome associations were seen in those with low or intermediate DII.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A pro-inflammatory diet may amplify the adverse health effects of air pollution, highlighting potential for dietary interventions to complement environmental regulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 323-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating farmers’ adoption of mobile Agri-Tech: A TAM-Based study of KaseChar in Eastern Thailand","authors":"Eain Dray Aung , Nophea Sasaki , Takuji W. Tsusaka , Chaklam Silpasuwanchai","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing agricultural waste through digital innovation is vital for mitigating environmental harm and supporting sustainable farming. This study examines the adoption of KaseChar, a mobile application designed to reduce open-field burning and promote agriwaste management among Participatory Guarantee System (PGS) farmers in Chachoengsao Province, Eastern Thailand. Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), we evaluated perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), and behavioral intention (BI) through a structured survey of 150 farmers. Results show high ratings for PU (mean = 4.11), PEOU (mean = 4.08), and BI (mean = 4.03), with key adoption drivers including productivity, efficiency, digital proficiency, and social influence. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified efficiency, usability, and public support as core factors. Waste management cost significantly influenced PU (β = 0.126, p = 0.009), while internet usage was positively correlated with PEOU (β = 0.252, p = 0.002). Despite high smartphone access, barriers such as digital literacy, labor intensity, and infrastructure gaps—particularly among older farmers—limit adoption. The study recommends targeted training, subsidies, and digital infrastructure improvements to scale adoption. It also contributes to TAM literature by integrating contextual variables like digital readiness and financial capacity. Future research should explore long-term behavioral impacts and conduct multi-regional comparisons to enhance scalability and generalizability of findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 441-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Temporal socio-economic inequalities in the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among under-five Children: An analysis of within- and between-group disparities in 20 sub-Saharan African countries (2004–2024)","authors":"Akim Tafadzwa Lukwa , Denis Okova , Paidamoyo Bodzo , Sikelela Charles Maseko , Melisa Bhebe , Folahanmi Tomiwa Akinsolu , Abodunrin Olunike , Emmanuella Nzeribe , Aggrey Siya , Admire Nyabunze , Charles Hongoro , Plaxcedes Chiwire","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) in sub-Saharan Africa is a pressing public health issue, particularly among children under five years old. DBM encompasses both undernutrition (stunting) and overnutrition (overweight) within the same population, often shaped by socio-economic disparities. Addressing DBM in early childhood is vital, as malnutrition can lead to long-term health, cognitive, and developmental challenges.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using nationally representative data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) across 20 sub-Saharan African countries, this study examines temporal socio-economic inequalities in DBM. Countries include Zimbabwe, Kenya, Nigeria, and Mozambique, among others. DBM was defined using anthropometric measures, while socio-economic status (SES) was categorized as poor, middle, or rich. Temporal trends were analyzed, and inequalities were quantified using Erreygers Normalized Concentration Indices (ENCI) and Theil indices to explore within- and between-group disparities by SES and urban/rural residence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DBM prevalence across countries ranged from 0.2 % to 4.6 %. Declines were noted in Zimbabwe and Kenya. Socio-economic inequalities were significant, with overnutrition increasingly concentrated in wealthier households, while undernutrition remained prevalent among poorer populations. Theil index analyses revealed within-group disparities as the primary drivers of overall inequality, particularly in urban wealthier populations, though rural and low-SES groups also contributed significantly in countries like Senegal and Mali.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>DBM is still present in sub-Saharan Africa and is driven by socio-economic inequalities. Targeted interventions focusing on improving access to nutritious food, healthcare, and education for vulnerable populations, particularly in rural and low-SES groups, are essential to reduce malnutrition disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 262-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global TransitionsPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.07.004
Xichen Wang , Sheldon X. Zhang , Annah K. Bender , Erica L. Koegler , Edna G. Rich , Rumi Kato Price
{"title":"How the COVID-19 pandemic worsened intimate partner Violence: Findings from a South Africa high-risk community study","authors":"Xichen Wang , Sheldon X. Zhang , Annah K. Bender , Erica L. Koegler , Edna G. Rich , Rumi Kato Price","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Researchers have been extensively studying the detrimental effects wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic on many aspects of human life. However, there is little empirical research from the Global South on COVID-19 and its impact on intimate partner violence (IPV).</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study sought to explore whether the pandemic-induced effects, such as financial stress, physical health issues, and psychological distress, also increased IPV victimization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A structured survey was administered to 665 residents who self-identified as having experienced increased risks of human trafficking in low-income communities in Cape Town, South Africa, during January–October 2021, at the height of COVID-19. IPV measures were applied to those (N = 418) who reported having had an intimate partner in the past 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most respondents were born in South Africa. Half of them reported having experienced IPV in the past year. The ordinal regression full model showed that housing insecurity (AOR = 1.67; CI, 1.03–2.70) and mental health concerns (AOR = 1.57; CI, 1.13–2.19) were significant predictors of IPV (<em>p</em> < .05), controlling for other sociodemographic measures. Race (Black, AOR = 0.20; CI, 0.09–0.43), gender (female, AOR = 1.80; CI, 1.17–2.76), and arranged marriage (AOR = 1.97; CI, 1.17–3.32) were also significantly associated with IPV victimization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Housing insecurity and mental health were the most important COVID-induced stressors in elevating IPV victimization during the pandemic. Furthermore, other structural factors, such as race, gender, and arranged marriage, were also strong predictors of IPV victimization in an already vulnerable South African urban community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 456-465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global TransitionsPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-05-12DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.007
Kiran Puttegowda , Veeraprathap V , H.S. Ranjan Kumar , K.V. Sudheesh , K. Prabhavathi , Ravi Vinayakumar , Kayalvily Tabianan
{"title":"Enhanced machine learning models for accurate breast cancer mammogram classification","authors":"Kiran Puttegowda , Veeraprathap V , H.S. Ranjan Kumar , K.V. Sudheesh , K. Prabhavathi , Ravi Vinayakumar , Kayalvily Tabianan","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer has now become the leading cancer type in Indian urban regions surpassing cervical cancer. The imperfect nature of current diagnostic techniques calls for more dependable assessment methods because new automated diagnostic systems do not totally eliminate imperfections. The research of Indian breast cancer datasets remains lower than international platforms owing to distinctive features of breast density, texture, lesion size and composition between these populations. The research develops automated breast cancer detection algorithms for Indian breast types that incorporate metadata to enhance system accuracy in medical diagnosis. We created machine learning algorithms for mammography imaging as part of a development process optimized for Indian breast cancer features. Our top-performing individual model achieved an AUC of 0.95 per image. When integrating four models, the AUC increased to 0.98, with independent test set results from the INbreast database showing 86.7 % sensitivity and 96.1 % specificity. These findings highlight deep learning's potential to enhance mammographic assessment by improving diagnostic accuracy, reducing false errors, and optimizing clinical practice in breast cancer detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 276-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global TransitionsPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-04-27DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.006
Hari Prasad Pandey , Tek Narayan Maraseni , Armando Apan
{"title":"Resettlement for conservation: Assessing health and social security challenges in Nepal's biodiverse regions","authors":"Hari Prasad Pandey , Tek Narayan Maraseni , Armando Apan","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conservation-driven displacement remains a contentious issue, raising concerns about balancing biodiversity protection with resettlers' health and social security. This study examines the impacts of ecological resettlement (ER) on communities displaced from 11 villages in Nepal's Terai Arc Landscape (TAL), a biodiverse region with six protected areas, three Ramsar sites, and two World Heritage Sites. Grounded in social security theories, it explores five key themes: individual and community protection, social relationships, income and education, healthcare access, and subsistence-based food production. Data from 215 randomly sampled households (10 % sampling intensity), 11 focus groups, 30 key informant interviews, field observations, and policy reviews were analyzed using general linear models and descriptive statistics. Findings show significant differences (p < 0.05) in health and social security experiences, with agriculture-dependent households, elderly individuals, ethnic communities, and women disproportionately affected. The first five years post-resettlement saw severe disruptions, with gradual improvements over time, driven more by political ecology, globalization, and development trends than by resettlement agency support. However, Indigenous communities face persistent challenges, including loss of food security, weakened social ties, and barriers to indigenous healthcare. Resettlement disrupts traditional, nature-based healing practices, hindering the intergenerational transfer of knowledge. These issues are further exacerbated by global development pressures. This study calls for the mandatory establishment of essential health and social security services before resettlement, ensuring resettlers representation in decision-making. Integrating on-site livelihood strategies into social security frameworks is crucial for sustainable well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 247-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global TransitionsPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-06-30DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.06.007
Priyanka Dixit , Anjali Bansal , Rahul Mishra , Eugine Paul , Shivalingappa S. Halli
{"title":"Understanding the surge in elective caesarean sections: Role of older women's childbirth choices on younger women in India","authors":"Priyanka Dixit , Anjali Bansal , Rahul Mishra , Eugine Paul , Shivalingappa S. Halli","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global rise in Caesarean sections (CS), including India's increase from 8.5 % in 2005-06 to 21.5 % in 2019–21, poses a significant public health challenge. This study investigates the factors driving elective CS decisions, focusing on how older women's childbirth experiences influence younger women's choices within the same household, using data from the National Family Health Survey-5. Multivariable logistic regression and propensity score matching (PSM) were applied to see the influence of older women's Elective CS decisions on their younger peers within the same household. Results show that younger women were more likely to choose elective CS if older women previously had one (29.0 % vs. 15.1 %, AOR = 1.72). Other significant predictors include mass media exposure (AOR = 1.13), private healthcare (AOR = 2.84), and older maternal age (AOR = 2.54 for ages 35–40 years). Regional differences were evident, with South India showing the highest CS rates among younger women (40.4 %), when their older household peer had undergone a CS rates. Wealth and education also played a role, with the richest women having higher odds (AOR = 2.00) and secondary education showing the greatest effect (AOR = 1.43). PSM analysis found an eight percent higher likelihood of elective CS among younger women if older women had one (ATT = 0.086; p < 0.001). In conclusion, the study shows that the childbirth experiences of older women strongly affect younger women's decisions to opt for elective CS, highlighting the important role of influence within households in shaping these choices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 411-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}