Virology & Immunology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Protective Efficacy of Different Live Attenuated Infectious Bronchitis Virus Vaccine Combination against Challenge with GI11 (BR-Type) Strain","authors":"Fernando Fs","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000280","url":null,"abstract":"The infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an avian coronavirus that causes a highly contagious disease that results in substantial economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. The prevention is mostly based on biosecurity measures and vaccination. The vaccination programs are defined by epidemiological status and cross-immunity provided against different serotypes. Programs using vaccine combinations can be designed to increase protection. We conducted an experimental study to compare two vaccine programs on protection against a virulent strain belonging to the GI-11 genotype (BR-type) isolated in Brazil using two different Mass-type vaccines combined with a BR-type live vaccine. Two groups of commercial chicks were vaccinated at day-1 using two commercially available Mass-type vaccines + BR-type vaccine. They were challenged intranasally at 28-day using 104 EID50/0.1 microliter/chick of wild-type G11 IBV (IBV/24W). Ciliostasis, macroscopic and microscopic lesion scores were evaluated at 4 and 11-days post vaccination (dpv) and 5 days post infection (dpi) and not showed differences between vaccinated groups. MLV+BR-Type group presented highest amount of BR strain vaccine and lowest amount of Mass strain vaccine in tracheal and cloacal swabs at 4 and 11 dpv. In the other hand, the Ma5+BR-type group showed fewer BR-type positive in both samples tested. After challenge, MLV+BR group showed higher titer of antibody measured by ELISA. These results suggest that the selection of a Mass-type vaccine strain can impact directly in the BR vaccine replication, when used associated, and consequently the induction of humoral immune response. Despite that, both protocols provided protection against the challenge with G11 strain.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124925068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Study for Usefulness of Mandala Art Therapy in Primary Dysmenorrhea","authors":"Ohnishi St","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000279","url":null,"abstract":"Primary dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation due to uterine functional origin without any other gynecologic diseases such as endometriosis or adenomyosis. The pain of primary dysmenorrhea is from hyper contraction or high sensitivity to pain. The primary dysmenorrhea has been treated by NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) or oral contraceptives from the past. However, primary dysmenorrhea is not controlled in all patients by these treatments. Some patients need more supportive treatment. The many supportive treatment have tried to this condition. The art therapy can also tried for this supportive treatment, so we studied mandala art therapy for primary dysmenorrhea. The purpose of this study is observing the usefulness of art therapy for supportive therapy of primary dysmenorrhea.We estimate the degree of pain by VAS (Visual Analog Scale), and statistically compares the change of pain before and after mandala therapy by χ-square with Fisher’s exact test. We did mandala therapy 2 times/week from menstruation to next menstruation, and we compare the change of pain before and after mandala therapy by VAS score. The result of this study is as follows. We observed the pain change in 10 patients. The four of 10 patients felt no change in pain after therapy, but the 2 of 10 patients felt no pain after therapy. The four of 10 patients felt decreased pain after therapy although not disappear completely. Therefore, the six of 10 patients can be felt decreased pain after mandala therapy (P<0.05). The mandala art therapy can be useful for supportive therapy of primary dysmenorrhea. However, a study of the bigger population is needed to confirm this effect for primary dysmenorrhea","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology &amp; Immunology Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131106587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Emotional Roots of Human Immune System","authors":"V. R","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000277","url":null,"abstract":"Decades of research has provided evidence that various psychological factors have a huge impact over the immune system which systematically stimulate it to give positive or negative responses and can time to time show several levels of modulations. These modulations or responses may enhance or may adversely affect the immune function of an individual. This review article focuses on affects and its roots to the human immune system, supported by various studies conducted in different times. The paper also discusses all the possible pathways by which emotion can connect with the immune function and vice-versa, how stress can affect the immune response as well as how the elements of psychological factors can modulate the immune function of an individual","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology &amp; Immunology Journal","volume":"568 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120971584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Exosomes as a Next-Generation Therapeutic and Diagnostic Tool","authors":"Abhishek Dutta","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000274","url":null,"abstract":"Communication is indispensable for exchange of information in today’s world. Like the 3G and 4G network, which uses data packets to send and receive digital information, cellular communication also acts in a similar manner by exchanging biological materials via similar small Nano-vesicles called exosomes. These exosomes are secreted by almost all types of cells and their content mirror the content of their parent cells. Exosomes are small, 30–100 nm cell-derived vesicles that first captured the attention of biologists about 30 years ago, when it was initial thought to be excreted by cells to remove junk materials [1]. But eventually it is being considered as gold mines to study novel intercellular communication strategies and is also being exploiting as a diagnostics and therapeutic tool.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology &amp; Immunology Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130650133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EBV Serology and Plasma EBV DNA Load as a Combined Tool for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) Diagnosis and Monitoring in Non-Endemic Regions","authors":"Gurtsevitch V","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000266","url":null,"abstract":"There is limited information regarding the clinical significance of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) markers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) diagnoses and monitoring in non-endemic areas. Low NPC incidence in non-endemic countries made it difficult to form a representative group of patients for research this issue. Moreover, NPC cases are often characterized into morphologically different tumor types based upon the geographic and ethnic variability. Since viral and serological markers reflect the different biological events accompanying the development of NPC, it is important to compare their clinical value in the context of different disease manifestations. The implementation of such a study in a non-endemic region is of particular interest, allowing the investigation of the potential impact of differences in the genetic and ethnic characteristics of the population, versus those in populations from endemic regions. In present study, we analyzed clinical significance of two EBV markers (serological and molecular) in large group (96 cases) of undifferentiated non-keratinizing carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type (UNPC) Russian patients. It has been shown that IgA/ VCA antibody titers elevated on patient's admission and being valuable markers for primary UNPC diagnosis do not allow to adequately assessing patients’ state after the treatment. In contrast to EBV serology, the plasma EBV DNA load was found to be valuable marker for clinical evaluation of UNPC patient’s state, such as remission and relapse. It was also shown that the concentration of viral DNA correlated with the UNPC patients' overall survival. The proposed study, conducted on UNPC patients from a non-endemic region, for the first time revealed a direct correlation between IgG/IgA antibody titers to EBV virus capsid antigen (VCA) and the levels of plasma EBV DNA load, and the absence of such correlation between plasma EBV DNA burden and serological responses to EBV. It has also been demonstrated that the combined assessment of plasma EBV DNA load and EBV-specific antibody titers provides a reliable approach to UNPC diagnosis, disease monitoring, and therapeutic response assessment.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology &amp; Immunology Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124731722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling of Perception Covid-19","authors":"G. C","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000273","url":null,"abstract":"Mitigation policies, as their objective is the informative control of the pandemic in terms of its effects on public health, stand out because they consider risks as inherent to social communication. In this sense, the objective of this work was modeling the social perception of the risks associated with the SARS CoV-2 and Covid-19 pandemics. Axes, trajectories and relationships between categories were established that explain and anticipate the effects of confinement and social distancing strategies, alluding to the extension of the study in confinement and high-risk settings such as hospitals, the adoption of self-care and adherence to treatment from the impact of the pandemic on the parties involved.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology &amp; Immunology Journal","volume":"88 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126305251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"About Covid-19 Infection in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa","authors":"YAPO-CREZOIT C","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000262","url":null,"abstract":"New coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 is now in African countries especially in Côte d’Ivoire. The original mission of Pasteur Institute of Côte d'Ivoire, is the management of immune and transmissible diseases. It is an research institute supporting the health system. Like all the other countries in the world, it must support the control of the collective response to pandemics.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology &amp; Immunology Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127284300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Infection and Innate ImmunoResponse: Pathway to Eradicating the Pandemic","authors":"E. Edem","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000270","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 infection is highly transmissible with high degree of hospitalization and few level of lethality which has raised great concerns globally. Covid-19 is acquired through exposure to microdroplets present in exhalates of individuals already infected or by surface contact with contaminated formites with the viral particle and once the viral particle reaches the bronchioles and alveolar spaces; it binds to cells of the bronchial epithelium and Angiotensin 2 Converting Enzyme (ACE2) of the alveolar. An immense understanding of the interaction between Covid-19 infection and the host immune system could be the breakpoint needed to provide better management, treatment and support for the disease sufferers. Therefore, review of current knowledge between Covid-19 infection and the host innate immune system is important in order to sufficiently understand its pathogenesis and further give clues for the clinical management and development of preventive therapeutic strategies in treating this infection.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology &amp; Immunology Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125336423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Awareness, Prevalence and Treatment Trends of Thalassemia in NGO Sector, Sialkot, Pakistan","authors":"Naeem F","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000272","url":null,"abstract":"Thalassemias are the heterogeneous group of genetic disorders affecting hemoglobin production. Purpose: Objective of this study is to access the awareness level among the parents of thalassemia patients, prevalence and treatment trends of thalassemia in NGO sector, Sialkot, Pakistan. Method: Study design was chosen to be cross-sectional prospective. Sample size for this study was taken as 70 patients. Study was carried out in Sundas Foundation in Sialkot, Pakistan. Well-structured data collection form or questionnaire was prepared, analyzed and then filled by interview. Result: Parents of patients were aware of question of iron overload (n=62; %=88.5). Highest prevalence was seen in males (n=42; %=60) rather than females (n=28; %=40). Majority of patients were suffering from thalassemia major (n=60; %=85.7) and few were suffering from thalassemia intermedia (n=10; %=14.3). Hepatitis and iron overload are the two most common complications of thalassemia. Majority of patients (n=69; %=98.5) had iron overload as a complication of blood transfusion, rather than hepatitis (n=43; %=61). Most commonly prescribed iron chelator was deferasirox (n=59; %=84). For therapeutic management of thalassemia, majority of patients were receiving folic acid (n=70; %=100), vitamin-D (n=65; %=92.8), calcium (n=70; % =100), acetaminophen (n= 62; %=88.5) and hydroxyurea (n=12; %=17). From surgical procedures, splenectomy (n=10; %=14) and stem cell transplant (n=1; %=1.4) were used. Conclusion: Highest prevalence was seen in males rather than females","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology &amp; Immunology Journal","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133325724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is it Necessary to Trace for and Isolate Asymptomatic COVID-19 (+) Healthcare Workers in a COVID-19 Infected Ward?","authors":"M. C.","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000271","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology &amp; Immunology Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126373676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}