Tao Xu, Zuozheng Liu, Lingxu Guo, He Meng, Rujing Wang, Mengchao Li, Shuqi Cai
{"title":"Robust optimisation of electricity-heating integrated energy system based on data-driven PV interval estimation","authors":"Tao Xu, Zuozheng Liu, Lingxu Guo, He Meng, Rujing Wang, Mengchao Li, Shuqi Cai","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12114","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Short-term interval estimation can effectively and precisely quantify the uncertainties of renewable energy, accurately represent the range of fluctuations of uncertain variables in robust optimisation of electricity-heating integrated energy system (EHIES) and it is getting crucial for reliable and flexible operation of renewable dominated new energy systems. The authors present a multivariate data-driven short-term PV power interval prediction model that consists of multiple layers, including one-dimensional convolutional layer, ultra-lightweight subspace attention mechanism (ULSAM), bidirectional long and short-term memory (BiLSTM), quantile regression (QR) and kernel density estimation (KDE). The one-dimensional convolutional layer and ULSAM can extract sequential features and highlight key information from the data; the BiLSTM processes time series data in both directions and conveys historical information; the QR and KDE models generate interval prediction with a given confidence level. Based on the proposed interval estimation, a refined PV uncertainty set can be established and adopted by robust optimal scheduling of EHIES utilising min-max-min algorithm. The simulation results have demonstrated the estimation accuracy and adaptability to various weather scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"5 4","pages":"462-476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46832644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detecting safe operational regimes of synchronous motor-generator pair for wind integration: A non-linear perspective","authors":"Rajesh Tanna, Vivek Mohan, Gopalakrishnan Ennappadam Ananthanarayanan, Karthik Thirumala","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12113","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, the stability of a synchronous motor generator pair (SMGP) used for improving the inertia of grid-connected renewable energy systems is investigated. The useful operational regime for different sets of system parameters is identified, such as electromagnetic torque, damping co-efficient, and inertia by employing bifurcation analysis to detect stability boundaries. For the first time, the existence of bi-stable regimes for the SMGP with non-linear stability analysis is revealed. The authors' analysis unravels the possibility of the system getting transited to unsafe operation even when the system is in the linearly stable region. The existence of the bistable regime indicates the possibility of the system becoming unstable even when the eigenvalues are in the left half plane. The authors also identify globally stable and globally unstable regimes in the parameter space. The safe operating range of inertia and damping co-efficient values helps in the design of a suitable MGP set that is robust to frequency deviations, even with a low inertia source. With the recommended values of electromagnetic torque, the authors' analysis provides a safe operational regime for power generation from renewable energy sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"5 4","pages":"430-443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47896688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mountain gazelle optimisation-based 3DOF-FOPID-virtual inertia controller for frequency control of low inertia microgrid","authors":"Swapan Santra, Mala De","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12111","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12111","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The primary objective of the authors is to design a new robust and improved virtual inertia controller (VIC) for renewable energy dominated inverter interfaced low inertia microgrid (LIMG). Increasing penetration of inertia-less renewable generation in microgrid leads to increased frequency deviation during and after a disturbance. To improve the frequency response of the LIMG, conventional VIC added with different second stage and third stage controllers are proposed in existing works. Higher degree-of-freedom (DOF) PID controller synchronised with fractional-order (FO) operators are used with conventional VIC controllers. These controllers work in addition with conventional VIC and the multi-stage controllers make the system more complex. To reduce the number of controller stages and, subsequently, reduce cost and complexity of the system, a single stage 3DOF-FOPID controller is proposed to mitigate the frequency deviation after a disturbance in a LIMG. Performance of the proposed single stage controller is compared with that of the existing controllers to establish the advantages of the proposed controller. The parameters of the proposed 3DOF-FOPID controller are optimised by Mountain Gazelle Optimsation. The robustness of this controller is also tested for random load fluctuation and renewable power variations in presence of system non-linearities.</p>","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"5 4","pages":"405-417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49043101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal energy storage configuration for joint energy-regulation market participating renewable energy plants with excess revenue recovery mechanism","authors":"Weihong Liu, Qiangyu Ren, Jiaojiao Deng, Jincheng Guo, Xiaoming Zheng, Hongli Liu","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12112","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The fluctuation and stochastic characteristics of renewable energy resources challenge the secure system operation and also impose significant financial risks for the market participating renewable energy plants (REPs). Energy storage systems (ESSs) can serve as effective tools in enhancing the operating flexibility of REPs, thus improving their profitability while making them grid-friendly. However, current studies focussing on the energy market participation of ESS-equipped REPs neglect ESSs' frequency regulation performance. Moreover, power output deviation and power curtailment of REPs bring difficulties to the integration of renewable energy. To address these challenges, an optimal ESS configuration method for REPs participating in the joint energy-regulation market is proposed first. A method considering constraints on frequency regulation performance is applied. Then, to reduce power output deviation and power curtailment of REPs, an incentive mechanism based on the excess revenue recovery is implemented to induce the grid-friendly power outputs of REPs. Numerical analysis on XJTU-ROTS2017 systems demonstrates that the optimal ESS configuration results obtained from the proposed method could promote the profitability of ESS-equipped REPs. The results also verify the effectiveness of the excess revenue recovery mechanism in facilitating the grid-friendly operation behaviours of the ESS-equipped REPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"5 4","pages":"418-429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46328329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DC-side stability analysis of grid-tied converter with different control modes based on electrical torque analysis","authors":"Xu Zhang, Yujun Li, Jiapeng Li, Ting Wu, Songhao Yang, Zhiguo Hao","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12110","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12110","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The DC-side stability of the grid-tied converter under different control modes is fully investigated using electrical torque analysis. The small-signal model of a single converter connected to an ideal DC bus under various control modes is formulated. Accordingly, the damping and synchronising coefficient contributed by the DC network and controllers of grid-tied converter are separately accessed using the electrical torque analysis method and the stabilising conditions of the grid-tied converter operating under different control modes are further derived. The system stability mainly corresponds with DC network dynamics under constant active power control mode. On the contrary, the grid-tied converter under constant DC-link voltage control mode has no stability problem. Generally, elevating the DC-link capacitance or decreasing the droop gain can greatly improve the stability margin reserve of the VSC-HVDC links. In addition, the control gains of the classical PQ controller are proven to have limited impacts on DC-side system stability. Finally, the results of numerical simulation prove the validity of the proposed stability analysis method and the stable boundary for the grid-tied converter with different control modes.</p>","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 1","pages":"31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43967221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"System value assessment method of energy storage system for multi-services of power system considering battery degradation","authors":"Yinguo Yang, Yenan Wang, Qiuyu Lu, Guangchun Ruan, Yingming Lin, Xuan Wang, Pingping Xie, Haiwang Zhong","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12109","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12109","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The energy storage system (ESS) is a promising technology to address issues caused by the large-scale deployment of renewable energy. Deploying ESS is a business decision that requires potential revenue assessment. Current value assessment methods focus on the energy storage owner or the electricity utility. The system value of the ESS needs to be fully considered to gain a broad understanding of benefits across the whole power system. Thus, this study proposes a system value assessment method of grid-integrated ESS to quantify the total system value-avoided cost based on an improved DC power flow model considering transmission losses. Four typical applications (production cost saving, upgrade deferral, environmental benefit, and transmission loss saving) are chosen to represent the system value of the ESS across the whole power system. In addition, the co-optimisation model considering the “source-grid-storage” coordination operation and battery capacity degradation, is proposed for peak shaving and frequency regulation based on the Chinese power market rule. The proposed method is tested in simulation and experimental studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"5 3","pages":"355-364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44081552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Seward, Lixun Chi, Meysam Qadrdan, Adib Allahham, Khaled Alawasa
{"title":"Sizing, economic, and reliability analysis of photovoltaics and energy storage for an off-grid power system in Jordan","authors":"William Seward, Lixun Chi, Meysam Qadrdan, Adib Allahham, Khaled Alawasa","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12108","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Remote areas in Jordan often rely on expensive and polluting diesel generators to meet their electricity demand. This study investigates 100% renewable solutions to supply the electricity demand of off-grid energy systems through optimal sizing of photovoltaics and energy storage systems. A linear programming approach is proposed to minimise the annualised cost of electricity supply including capital costs of equipment and their operation and maintenance costs. The optimisation determines the size of photovoltaics and energy storage required to satisfy electricity demand at every hour of a selected year. A Jordan campsite was used as a case study to assess and compare the performance of PV-battery storage and PV-hydrogen storage systems from economic and reliability perspectives. The results show that hydrogen storage was more economical for a 100% renewable energy system. However, introducing some diesel generation gave the battery system a significantly lower annualised cost of energy.</p>","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"5 4","pages":"393-404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46185726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jin Gao, Zhenguo Shao, Feixiong Chen, Yuchao Chen, Yongqi Lin, Hongjie Deng
{"title":"Distributed robust operation strategy of multi-microgrid based on peer-to-peer multi-energy trading","authors":"Jin Gao, Zhenguo Shao, Feixiong Chen, Yuchao Chen, Yongqi Lin, Hongjie Deng","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12107","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12107","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In microgrid (MG) systems, traditional centralised energy trading models can lead to issues such as low energy efficiency due to unstable energy supply and lack of flexibility. Peer-to-peer (P2P) trading models have been widely used due to their advantages in promoting the sustainable development of renewable energy and reducing energy trading costs. However, P2P multi-energy trading requires mutual agreements between two microgrids (MGs), and the uncertainties of renewable energy and load affects energy supply security. To address these issues, this article proposed a distributed robust operation strategy based on P2P multi-energy trading for multi-microgrid (MMG) systems. Firstly, a two-stage robust optimisation (TRO) method was adopted to consider the uncertainties of P2P multi-energy trading between MGs, which reduced the conservatism of robust optimisation (RO). Secondly, a TRO model for P2P multi-energy trading among MGs was established based on the Nash bargaining theory, where each MG negotiates with others based on their energy contributions in the cooperation. Additionally, a distributed algorithm was used to protect the privacy of each MG. Finally, the simulation results based on three MGs showed that the proposed approach can achieve a fair distribution of cooperative interests and effectively promote cooperation among MGs.</p>","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"5 4","pages":"376-392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45696556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decoupling and dimension reduction method for distribution system security region","authors":"Jun Xiao, Yuhao Fan, Xun Jiang","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.12105","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The application of the security region methodology in a practical distribution system with large scale normally requires large computer memory and high computation time. To overcome this problem, this article proposes a decoupling and dimension reduction method, which can significantly accelerate the calculation of distribution system security region (DSSR) and is important for the application of the DSSR theory in large-scale distribution systems. First, the definition of DSSR dimension reflecting the size of solution space and the time complexity is proposed. And the solution algorithm for DSSR dimension is also given. Second, a decoupling and dimension reduction method suitable for the analysis of DSSR is proposed. Following the method, an incidence matrix can be obtained from the DSSR expressions, which can be further divided into multiple block matrices. According to the feeder combinations of the block matrices, the distribution system can be decoupled into multiple sub-networks for more efficient analysis. Finally, a 10kV distribution network is used in case study to validate the proposed method. The results for a time-consuming calculation, that is, TSC curve calculation, show that the proposed method can reduce the computation time significantly, making the time-consuming calculation suitable for the analysis of large-scale cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"5 3","pages":"338-354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50126253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decoupling and dimension reduction method for distribution system security region","authors":"Jun Xiao, Yuhao Fan, Xun Jiang","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.12105","url":null,"abstract":"The application of the security region methodology in a practical distribution system with large scale normally requires large computer memory and high computation time. To overcome this problem, this article proposes a decoupling and dimension reduction method, which can significantly accelerate the calculation of distribution system security region (DSSR) and is important for the application of the DSSR theory in large ‐ scale distribution systems. First, the definition of DSSR dimension reflecting the size of so-lution space and the time complexity is proposed. And the solution algorithm for DSSR dimension is also given. Second, a decoupling and dimension reduction method suitable for the analysis of DSSR is proposed. Following the method, an incidence matrix can be obtained from the DSSR expressions, which can be further divided into multiple block matrices. According to the feeder combinations of the block matrices, the distribution system can be decoupled into multiple sub ‐ networks for more efficient analysis. Finally, a 10kV distribution network is used in case study to validate the proposed method. The results for a time ‐ consuming calculation, that is, TSC curve calculation, show that the proposed method can reduce the computation time significantly, making the time ‐ consuming calculation suitable for the analysis of large ‐ scale cases.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57947771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}