Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the Sustainability of Horticultural Farms in Central Senegal: An Adaptation of the IDEA Method","authors":"A. Faye, E. Zucchini, Yacine Ngom, P. Vignaroli, V. Tarchiani, D. Dia","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1923","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the sustainability of the different forms of horticulture farms (individual and collective) in the Groundnut Basin of Senegal using an adapted version of the IDEA method to the Senegal context. Results show that collective farms have higher sustainability scores than individual farms. Also, collective farms are more sustainable in the agroecological scale while individual farms are more sustainable in the economic scale. Results also suggest that although IDEA can be adapted to both individual and collective horticulture farms of Senegal, there is a need to include a fourth scale that will integrate the institutional and organizational features of collective farms as well as the socio-political and research context that can enable or hinder the adoption of sustainable farm practices.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114225350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suitability of Treated Wastewater Produced in Sudan for Irrigation Plants","authors":"Abdelazim A. Ahmed, M. Haroun, H. Elhassan, E. Diab, A. Awadelkarim, G. Osman","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1910","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to characterize the quality of treated wastewater of Soba treatment plant, in Khartoum state, in term of its potential to be used in irrigation for different plant products, as well as to study the temporal variations of its physicochemical and biological parameters. Sampling of the treated wastewater was performed during Dec. 2014 and November 2015. The parameters indicating the suitability of such wastewater for irrigation were estimated, these include pH, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Sulphate, Ammonia, Chloride as well as total count, coli from bacteria and parasites. Results showed that, significant variation in values of pH, EC. Chloride, sulphate, BOD, COD was observed throughout the months of year. In spite of variability throughout the year, the values of pH, EC, TDS chlorides and sulphate, in term of their suitability for use in irrigation, fall within the limits set by FAO for irrigation water. Concentration of total coliform and nematodes in treated wastewater, were more than the concentration limit set by WHO, for restricted irrigation, and less than the limit for unrestricted irrigation. The reuse of the treated wastewater in irrigation of non food crops could be carried out without restriction, however, regarding the use of restricted irrigation, it would be necessary to upgrade treatment processes for further reduction in some parameters, providing that, regular testing should be done regularly.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"299 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131929978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Reinforcing Agro Dealer Networks on Agricultural Productivity in Niger","authors":"A. Mamadou, R. Osei, I. Osei-akoto","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1872","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural production in Niger has been plagued with low productivity and, as such, low incomes for the majority of the country’s small-scale farmers, due largely to poor soil quality and arid climate conditions. Input-use is a crucial part of the solution to these problems. However, the rate of adoption remains low among farmers in Niger. One way in which they hoped to deal with this challenge was to train agro-dealers in three regions in Niger namely, Maradi, Tahoua and Zinder. This study sought to evaluates the effect of agro-dealer training in input use and handling, and crucial business practices, on the behaviours of the small-scale farmers that they serve. The evaluation looked at the performance of two treatment groups, who received training only or training plus demonstration, randomly assigned to agro-dealers. Though the design of the study followed a randomized phased-in approach and an IV approach in estimating the impact. The main findings of the study were Training plus demonstration plots increased adoption of improved seed, showing the added value of the demonstration component in the intervention, in encouraging seed use.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134201927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Insecurity Status of Rural Households During the Post Planting Season in Nigeria","authors":"A. Adepoju, Kayode A. Adejare","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.160140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.160140","url":null,"abstract":"About two-thirds of rural households in Nigeria are engaged in crop and livestock production as their main source of livelihood. These households are especially vulnerable to chronic food shortages owing to adverse weather and the unavailability of enough food from home production, especially during the post-planting season. This study attempts a proper empirical identification of the food insecure and the reasons for their insecurity, through a profile of food insecurity indices and an investigation of the factors influencing their status during the post-planting season in rural Nigeria. We construct food insecurity indices and specify a probabilistic model, employing the post-planting visit data of the first wave of the General Household Survey-Panel (2010). Results showed that almost half (49.4 percent) of rural households in the country were food insecure during the post-planting period. Identified key rural food insecurity determinants include: gender of household head, tertiary education of household head, access to both formal and informal credit and remittances, household size, dependency ratio and living in the North-Central, North-East, South-East and South-West Geopolitical zones of the country. Since food availability remained below the required levels for large parts of the rural populace during this season, identified food insecure households should be targeted for safety nets.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126727304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Genotype and Oviposition Time on Egg Quality Traits of Commercial Laying Birds","authors":"Olawumi Simeon, Jesuyon Oluwatosin, Akinsola Kehinde, Olawumi Stephen, Amana Charles, Ahutu Ismaila, I. Ifelayo, Adekunle O. Temitope","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1953","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at investigating the effects of strain of layers and oviposition time on external and internal egg quality traits. The strains of layers used for this study are Isa Brown (IB), Bovan Nera (BN) and Dominant Black (DB). The time of oviposition investigated are 8-10am, 10-12noon, 12-2pm and 2-4pm. Freshly laid eggs were collected from the different strains during the aforementioned periods, and were taken to the laboratory for both external and internal egg quality analysis. Analyzed results showed that egg weight was not significantly (P>0.05) affected by strain. The three strains recorded similar mean values. Similar results were reported for other traits except egg length and shell thickness where significant differences were reported among the strains. BN and IB were superior to DB in terms of shell thickness. With regard to internal egg quality traits, significant (P<0.01) differences among strains were reported only for yolk weight and albumen width. Pertaining to oviposition effect, almost all the traits were significantly influenced by oviposition time. Both external and internal egg quality traits had superior (P<0.01) and higher mean values during morning than afternoon or evening collection. This might be due to very low temperature prevailing in the former and which encouraged the birds to eat more resulting to bigger egg size and higher egg compositions. Haugh unit in this study was not significantly affected by strain and oviposition time. It is suggested than management practices in laying farm such as lighting and feeding pattern be focussed on having more eggs laid in the morning session than afternoon or evening session.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127258262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of the Agricultural Economist in Agricultural Adaptation to Climate Change in the Oil Palm Industry in the Southern Nigeria","authors":"O. O. Osuafor, Ebere O. Offiah","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1926","url":null,"abstract":"When human activities which cause climate change raise threats to the environment, the Agricultural Economist who is also a policy maker should take careful measures even if some cause and effect relationships are not established. The vulnerability of Nigerian Agricultural sector to climate change is of particular interest to policy makers in the economy accounting for higher percentage of the labour force. There are many adaptation options which can be adopted by farmers at low cost but proper estimates of adaptation cost and benefits are currently deficient due to the involvement of wrong climate change actors. As is the case with making an economic decision, the astute response by an Agricultural Economist will depend on equating and or comparing benefits and cost. When the expected benefits of adaptation are positive, the rational decision maker (the Oil Palm farmer) will take adaptive actions. Policy options in particular must become available. Climate change will almost surely make life even harder for the world’s poorest and most vulnerable Oil Palm farmer. An Agricultural Economist must play his role in reducing the society’s vulnerability to losses from climate change and avoid restricting farm ers’ capacity to adapt by limiting their options. The devastating effects of climate change and the need for an integrated response requires resilient and adaptive institutions and exemplary actors like the Agricultural Economist to lead the process towards creating an enabling environment for adaptation to climate change. This paper described the potential role the Agricultural Economist can play in climate change adaptation, in the Oil Palm industry and aims to address the question: what policy and institutional changes are needed to encourage agricultural adaptation strategies/ practices to develop the industry and the nation as a whole. The paper concluded that advances in understanding of climate change adaptation can come from collection of better data, development of new methods and models, observation of changes in climate and its effects, by an Agricultural Economist in order to accommodate new dimensions brought about by climate change.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116249746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Yield and Nutritional Qualities of Local and Improved Maize Varieties Cultivated in Wukari and Environement of the Nigerian Guinea Savanna Agro-Ecology","authors":"","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1954","url":null,"abstract":"Two varieties of maize (quality protein and local) were cultivated and evaluated for nutritional qualities, agronomic traits performance and yield during the 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University Wukari. Wukari is situated on latitude 7 0 52’17.00 0 N and longitude 9 0 46’40.30 0 E. It falls within the guinea savannah of North-eastern Nigeria with the annual rainfall of 1058mm-1300mm and relative humidity dropping to about 15%, alongside an annual temperature of 28 0 C and 30 0 C. Its characteristic alfisol soil is clay enriched, with subsoil that has relatively high native fertility. Pollination was controlled in order to conserve the genetic purity of the two varieties. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (at p ≤ 0.05), using the 23 rd edition of SPSS. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the varieties for grain yield, nutritional content, days to tasseling, days to silking, plant height at six weeks after planting, number of seed rows, number of nodes, seed length, hundred seed weight (g) and ear heights. Oba super 2 showed superiority (31.75g) over the local variety for seed yield (100 seed weight). Crude protein concentration in the two varieties varied significantly, with the local maize variety recording a higher value (7.21%).","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"53 373 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126167986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent Cooperative Memberships. Exploring the Determinants. A Case Study of Poultry Farming Households in Southwest Nigeria","authors":"","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1944","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the determinants of differential cooperative membership among poultry farming households in Oyo State. A multistage sampling technique was employed to randomly select 210 poultry farmers; 101 Cooperators and 109 Noncooperators, using well-structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, T-test, Variance inflation factor, and stepwise multivariate regression are employed in data analysis. The study reveals that an ample proportion of the farmers are still within their productive age. Also, Farmers age, credit access, output level, and household non-food expenditure positively determines cooperative membership but negatively determined by paid labour, and marriage. Regarding differential cooperative memberships; formal education, age, and farm expenditure positively influences multipurpose cooperative membership but negatively influenced by gender and output level. Primary occupation, food expenditure, and paid labour, positively determined producer cooperative membership but negatively determined by farm expenditure, formal education, age, and household size while, primary occupation, and non-food expenditure positively determines marketing cooperative membership but negatively determined by paid labour, and farm expenditure. Farmers age, primary occupation, Non-food, and farming expenditure negatively determines consumer cooperative membership but positively determined by household size. Finding based policy options are inferred.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131321220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report for Pathogenity of Cydia Pomonella Granulovirus and Helicoverpa Armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus to Indian Meal Moth Plodia Interpunctella Hϋbner (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Vitro","authors":"V. Mpalkamou, A. Foteinopoulou, A. Ntoukas, I. Zampara, I. Lagogiannis, S. Mantzoukas","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1942","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the for the first time the effect of Cydia pomonella granulovirus and Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus on the larvae of the Lepidopteran Plodia interpunctella . L 3 larvae were tested to see whether they were influenced by the infection of the two entomopathogenic viruses Cydia pomonella granulovirus and Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus. The experiment lasted seven days. The results showed that the effect of the two Baculoviruses was statistically important in relation to the control. The effect of the virus H. armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus was greater than the effect of the virus C. pomonella granulovirus, and this led us to the assumption that the use of entomopathogenic viruses can play an important role in controlling P. interpunctella larvae. The recorded mortality after 7 days was for larvae treated with C. pomonella granulovirus 33.3 to 86.7%, with H. armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus 53.3 to 93.3% and control mortality was 0.7%. This information may appear particularly useful in the future control of the insect’s populations in the warehouse. armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus and C. pomonella granulovirus. Our results also indicate that entomopathogenic viruses can be used as a no specific biopesticide with no range limitation.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129935654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cowdung and NPK Fertilizer on the Early Growth of Tamarindus indica. L in Kaduna Northern Guinea Savanna Eco - Zone of Nigeria","authors":"","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1949","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted at the Federal College of Forestry Mechanization, Afaka-Kaduna, nursery to determine the effect of cow dung and NPK (15:15:15) fertilizers on the early growth of Tamarindus indica. Seeds of matured Tamarindus indica were collected from plus tree at Trial Afforestation Project, Afaka-Kaduna. Pre-treated with 50% of sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) for 60 minutes to break the seed dormancy and sown directly in nursery pots filled with top soil, ten (10) potted seedlings were picked two (2) weeks after germination and divided into three (3) groups of Three (3) different levels (3g;6g and9g) of cowdung and NPK fertilizers. The experiment was laid out using Complete Randomized Design (CRD), ring method of fertilizers application were used. measured include seedling height; number of leaves and seedlings diameter the data was collected at 2WBFA, 4WAFA,6WAFAand 8WAFA and subjected to analysis of variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT)at the end of the experiment the result s show that application of cowdung at various doses significantly (P>0.05) yielded better growth and seedlings quality of Tamarindus indica as compared to NPK (15:15:15) fertilizer. NPK applied at 6 grams and 9 grams were significantly (P>0.05) toxic to the seedlings which led to high mortality rate after application. However, from the results obtained in this experiment it was recommended that cowdung should be utilized to make nutrient available for optimal growth of Tamarindus indica seedlings and the application of NPK fertilizers above 3g on Tamarindus indica seedlings should be discouraged.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127086623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}