{"title":"Socio-Economic Impacts of Conflicts between Farmers and Cattle Herdsmen in Rural Households of Benue State, Nigeria","authors":"","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1967","url":null,"abstract":"The survey was conducted to determine socio-economic impacts of conflicts between farmers and cattle herdsmen in rural households Questionnaire/interview schedule was used to collect data from a sample of 118 respondents used for the study. Frequency, percentage and factor analysis were used for analyzing data collected for the study. Findings of this study indicate that major effects of conflict between farmers and cattle herdsmen on agricultural production were named socio-economic, loss of lives and property-related and shortage of food-related factors. Furthermore, the respondents revealed that the coping strategies used in avoiding conflict between farmers and cattle herdsmen were avoiding crops destruction by cattle (88.1%), strict supervision of grazing by adult herdsmen (78.8%), establishment of ranches (78.0%) and avoiding cattle rustling (78.0%). It is recommended that government at all levels (federal, state and local) should liaise with community leaders to ensure adequate security of lives and property in rural communities in order to sustain the livelihoods of the rural dwellers.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130553085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. K. Islam, Dr. Md. Mahmud Alam, Dr. Mohammed Forhad, Uddin
{"title":"Coordination and Supply Chain Optimization of Agricultural Products in Bangladesh under Uncertainty","authors":"M. K. Islam, Dr. Md. Mahmud Alam, Dr. Mohammed Forhad, Uddin","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1943","url":null,"abstract":": In this study, we developed four different mathematical formulations for the coordination and three stage supply chain optimization of agricultural products in Bangladesh. This research, we assumed that the farmers-retailers-distributors are coordinated by jointly participation their information. To developed a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model and analyze the situation of inadequate production capacity for the producer as the reason for shortages. The producers will coverage these shortages by outsourcing, which decided very beginning of the SCN. This plays a very important role in deciding so as to mitigate these challenges and to extend the system performance and individual gain of the SCN. The coordinated mechanism among the participants of the market has been prominent to realize the best answer. The SCN was modeled using a formulation in MILP that maximizes the total profit and also to validate our proposed model, analyzed the total profit for real data and normal distribution data for various parameters. The formulated MILP model were solved by a mathematical programming language (AMPL) and results obtained by appropriate solver MINOS. Numerical example with the sensitivity of several parameters has been deployed to validate the models. We conclude from this study, profit of all participants increased by SCN coordination system without ant additional investment.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133081041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. A. Nxumalo, Fikile Hlanze, M. Masarirambi, P. K. Wahome
{"title":"Effect of Intra-row Spacing on Growth and Yield of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Mondial) Grown in a Sub-tropical Environment of Eswatini","authors":"K. A. Nxumalo, Fikile Hlanze, M. Masarirambi, P. K. Wahome","doi":"10.28924/ip/jas.1956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28924/ip/jas.1956","url":null,"abstract":"Irish potato yields vary widely, usually showing a declining trend, due to differences in in-row spacing used, as well as poor varietal selection for specific locations. In this study the growth and yield responses to different intra-row spacing on Irish potato cultivar Mondial was evaluated. The treatments consisted of four intra-rows spacing namely: 15 cm, 30 cm, 45 cm and 60 cm. Inter-row spacing was maintained at 90 cm for all treatments. Treatments were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated four times. Measurements were taken on plant height, number of potato tubers per plant, leaf length and width and fresh weight of potato tubers. In-row spacing were significantly different at P <0.05 with 15 cm producing the highest mean height (26.90 cm) at 14 weeks after planting. The number of stems per plant were not significantly influenced (P>0.05) by the intrarow spacing. The highest number of main stems (6) was JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABILITY 2 recorded at 45 cm spacing and the lowest (5) at 15 cm spacing. The number of tubers per plant were not significantly different (P>0.05) in all the intra row spacing, and 15 cm intra row spacing had the highest number of tubers. There were significant (P<0.05) differences among the different intra row spacing for yield per plot. The highest yield (6.71 t/ha) was at the 60 cm spacing and the lowest (4.87 t/ha) was at the 15cm spacing in terms of size and marketability of the tubers. Based on the findings of the study it can be concluded that intra row spacing can be chosen according to the farmer’s desired size of tuber: that is to say as the intra row spacing decreases there is also a decrease in the size of tuber produced and vice versa. These results have shown that Irish potato (cultivar Mondial) grown at the 60 cm x 90 cm intra row spacing gave the best yield results and economic yields.","PeriodicalId":331470,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134259079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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