{"title":"Facebook as a Language Learning Environment: A Descriptive Study on ESL Learners’ Perceptions","authors":"Aakash Kumar, Hassan Syed","doi":"10.33195/uochjll/2/1/08/2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33195/uochjll/2/1/08/2018","url":null,"abstract":"Social networking site like Facebook has been used as a modern source of communication and interaction. It also has the potential to be an effective academic too. This paper aims to present a comprehensive picture of what has already been discovered regarding Facebook as a language learning environment and it further tends to investigate ESL learners’ perceptions of Facebook as a language learning environment in Pakistani context particularly in Sindh. The sample who participated in this research were 100 higher secondary students studying in IBA-Public School Sukkur. The findings of this study revealed that ESL learners in Sindh believe Facebook as a language learning environment helps to enhance language skills including reading, writing, vocabulary, and grammar. Altogether students showed positive perceptions regarding this learning model. So, in light of the findings, it is recommended for the Teachers teaching English as a second language in Sindh, Pakistan should plan their lessons that involve Facebook as a language learning platform.","PeriodicalId":330725,"journal":{"name":"University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126413922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultural Symbols, Identity and Meaning Formation: Symbolic Interactionist Analysis of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart","authors":"Mehnaz, Dr. Muhammad Iqbal, S. Shah","doi":"10.33195/uochjll/2/1/2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33195/uochjll/2/1/2018","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper makes an attempt to examine how George Herbert Meade’s theory explains people’s use of symbols as a sense-making tool to elucidate the socialization process, role performance, identity, and meaning formation within the Igbo society for explaining various aspects of human life in the novel Things Fall Apart. This study is significant as it deals with character analysis of Okonkwo, to see how different roles of son, warrior, husband, father and a clansman are defined in Igbo culture during various phases of family and social life to clarify how Symbolic Interactionism has given a new impetus to see society, culture, psychology and relationships. It argues that the physical setting is significant to human behavior and human actions can be interpreted with the critical analysis of cultural symbols and the way they are deployed. It concludes that human behavior is based upon assigning meanings and their symbolic interpretations of the objects that surround them. The Symbolic Interactionist analysis of the novel clearly indicates that Okonkwo’s self and meaning formation is built on perceptions of the reactions of his clansman and his self-concept functions to direct his behavior. The development of different roles changes role and behavior patterns. The internal and external happenings influence role performance, conflict, struggle, and affect the nature, attitude, and self-image of Okonkwo. Moreover, it also affirms that the cultural symbols for honor, respect, and manliness etc. are not fixed naturally rather these are the constructions of the mind and are given meaning through interaction of the people.","PeriodicalId":330725,"journal":{"name":"University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125897670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Good Man is Easy to Find: Flannery O’Connor’s Theology of Death","authors":"João Vala","doi":"10.33195/UOCHJLL-V1I1342017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33195/UOCHJLL-V1I1342017","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to describe Flannery O’Connor’s stories as the repetition of a pattern that consists in, through sickness, changing good country people into good men. Therefore, sickness, in O’Connor’s oeuvre, has to be described as a blessing, an idea that the writer herself would gladly approve of. To prove it, this paper takes into consideration the way O’Connor described the debilitating disease that would end up by killing her. The usual portrait critics make of O’Connor’s work consists in randomly applying catchwords like South, Catholic or Grotesque. Contrarily to these critics’ description, the somehow systematic approach to O’Connor’s stories here proposed does not in any way serve to reduce and simplify the writer’s work, but to enhance its mystery and manners. What this paper tries to demonstrate is that, through the analysis of the plot of O’Connor’s short stories, we can have access to her personal theology. A theology that, although pictured so ghastly in tales full of rapes, delusions and murders, is profoundly optimistic. O’Connor’s aim as a writer is, thence, to prove that redemption and revelations are only dependent of an awareness regarding our own death, an awareness only sickness, in its many forms, can bring.","PeriodicalId":330725,"journal":{"name":"University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126914408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Gulzar’s Poetry: Comparing the Three Versions of English Translation","authors":"P. Kiran","doi":"10.33195/uochjll/1/1/03/2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33195/uochjll/1/1/03/2017","url":null,"abstract":"Gulzar’s merit as a contemporary Indian poet rests on his use of Hindustani, which has a high degree of emotional intensity, expressiveness, naturalness and unusual vividness that strikes the head and the heart of the listener. The study pragmatically and stylistically probes a randomly selected poem of Gulzar and its English translation by three translators, underlining, in the main, the variations in the linguistic choices they make and the significant differences in their translation. The analysis discusses that which is complicated and complex in the poem; and how it is simplified by the translator, leaving out that which puzzles the poet. The pragmatic-stylistic approach effectively identifies the translation shifts and investigates the value and belief system of Gulzar encoded in the language.","PeriodicalId":330725,"journal":{"name":"University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115870738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Repression, Isolation and Paranoia: A Psychoanalytic Feminist Study of ‘The Nightmare’ by Rukhsana Ahmad","authors":"","doi":"10.33195/jll.v1ii.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33195/jll.v1ii.149","url":null,"abstract":"Generally, literature written by Pakistani women writers in English depicts women as victims of patriarchy, social and cultural oppression. Meanwhile, in recent times the short fiction is exploring new paradigms related to the psychological oppression of married women in Pakistan. The following paper selects the short story, ‘The Nightmare’ by Pakistani writer, Rukhsana Ahmad, where a housewife suffers from paranoia because of disconsolate marriage. Therefore, this research aims to study the causes of psychological disorders specifically paranoia among apparently happy housewives. Moreover, the causes and effects of repression and isolation on personality of women would be discussed from the psychoanalytic feminist perspective using the framework of Sigmund Freud (1973- 86) through the character of Fariha. Through the method of character analysis (Dobie, 2011) this paper concludes that the childhood experiences of repression are the reason for victim’s passiveness towards psychological oppression during adult life. This paper would also help in establishing the conclusion that women who suffer abuse in their childhood are more likely to face abuse in their adult lives, which becomes the cause of their psychological instability.","PeriodicalId":330725,"journal":{"name":"University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117145650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lack of Tenderness: The Main Culprit for the Relationship between Husband and Wife in Lady Chatterley’s Lover","authors":"","doi":"10.33195/jll.v1ii.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33195/jll.v1ii.151","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the case of Chatterley and Clifford, the two main characters in Lady Chatterley’s Lover, to consider tenderness a basic working emotion to shape human relationship. The lack of tenderness causes emotional as well as physical distance in relation, especially that of male-female’s relation. The first part of the article reviews tenderness. The second part reviews how tenderness and lack of tenderness affects male-female relationship in the selected novel, Lady Chatterley’s Lover. On the basis of a careful analysis of Lady Chatterley’s Lover, the present writer tries to prove that the lack of tenderness is the main culprit for the broken relationship between husband and wife: a major one of the relations between man and woman in human society and mutual tenderness elicits people awakening to a new way of living in an exterior world that is uncracking after the long winter hibernation. Lawrence, through revelation of Connie’s gradual awakening from tenderness, has made his utmost effort to explore possible solutions to harmonious androgyny between men and women so as to revitalize the distorted human nature caused by the industrial civilization.","PeriodicalId":330725,"journal":{"name":"University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130583375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contemporary Issues of Radical Temper in Leonard Ikerionwu’s Heroes of Change: a Marxist Study","authors":"","doi":"10.33195/jll.v1ii.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33195/jll.v1ii.145","url":null,"abstract":"This paper sets out to examine the contemporary issues of radical temper in Leonard Ikerionwu’s prose fiction. It aimed at showing that the myriads of challenges of the Nigerian socio-political enclave have not escaped the creative consciousness of the emergent African (Nigerian) writer and critic. It was discovered that the text under study carefully mirrored the present society from the Marxist viewpoint, highlighting attendant problems such as marginalization among the rank and file of the military, poverty, corruption, unemployment, insecurity and leadership ineptitude. In the light of these potent issues presented, the paper sought to educate and appeal to the masses’ conscience to perceive revolution as an alternative means, towards the total restoration of change in human society.","PeriodicalId":330725,"journal":{"name":"University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115625760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"R. K. Singh: The Poet Who Celebrates 'senses' to attain 'Nirvana'","authors":"Ramkumar Thakur, R. K. Singh","doi":"10.33195/uochjll/1/1/08/2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33195/uochjll/1/1/08/2017","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses a few of R.K.Singh’s characteristic poetic traits that make him stand apart from all his contemporary Indian poets writing in English. His poetry is an honest attempt to portray the contemporary world in its true hue and color; present an inside-out delineation of the modern man; and touch upon all the so-called ‘untouchable’ i.e., topics such as ‘Sex’, ‘Prostitution’, ‘Cultural Degradation’, ‘Stinking Politics’, ‘Religion’, etc. Reader finds Singh celebrating all his senses in his ‘unique’ attempt to attain the state of complete ‘Peace’ or ‘Calm’. His poetry serves as a medium for him to reach the state of ‘nirvana’. Reader finds Singh’s poetry as a prism that diffracts the worldly affairs into different spectrums, analyses each, and again sums it all into a single hue of liberation and peace with ‘detachment’ displaying the mark of a seasoned ‘yogi’. The paper aims to encourage other researchers and people in the academia to explore recent band of emerging Indian poets expressing themselves in English.","PeriodicalId":330725,"journal":{"name":"University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123974474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genderlect Styles: Analysis Of Ibsen’s “A Doll’s House” From The Perspective Of Gender Differences In Language Use","authors":"Robina Khaliq","doi":"10.33195/uochjll/1/1/04/2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33195/uochjll/1/1/04/2017","url":null,"abstract":"This present paper examines Ibsen’s A Doll’s House from the viewpoint of gender differences in the use of language by the characters in the play, and the way the lives of the characters are affected by the use of language. The study concludes that the prevalent ideologies in the society define the gender roles that stimulate women to maintain intimacy and connection and men to preserve their independence and status. However, females break this connection when they tend to preserve their identity and individuality instead of maintaining connection. The analysis of the selected text, from the play, is carried out through using Discourse analysis tools like Identity Building Tool, Turn Taking and Holding Floor, Story Telling, Empty Adjectives, Intensifiers. Tannen’s theory of Genderlect Styles and Althusser’s concept of Ideological State Apparatuses have been used to draw the conclusion.","PeriodicalId":330725,"journal":{"name":"University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133739476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Free Verbal Repetition in Bronte’s Poetry","authors":"R. Khan","doi":"10.33195/UOCHJLL-V1I1332017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33195/UOCHJLL-V1I1332017","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts to analyze the use of free verbal repetition in Emily Bronte’s poems by using Leech’s classification. The aim of this linguistic analysis is to establish how different categories of verbal repetition contribute to the process of foregrounding’ of literary meanings and effects. To evaluate the functional value of these linguistic patterns, the approach of Fish (1980) and Toolan (1990) is also used. The study ends with the conclusion that the poet makes extensive use of the device of free verbal repetition in two different kinds; both intermittent repetition and immediate repetition. The findings of this research reveal that Bronte uses more intermittent repetition than immediate ones. She uses these verbal repetitions to establish a threefold meaning, poetic, personal, and symbolic of greater universal realities.","PeriodicalId":330725,"journal":{"name":"University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature","volume":" 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120830415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}