Volcanica最新文献_第6页

Catastrophic caldera-forming eruptions and climate perturbations: the result of tectonic and magmatic controls on the Paleocene-Eocene Kilchrist Caldera, Isle of Skye, NW Scotland 灾难性破火山口形成爆发和气候扰动:构造和岩浆对苏格兰西北部斯凯岛古新世-始新世基尔克里斯特破火山口控制的结果

Volcanica Pub Date : 2022-11-14 DOI: 10.30909/vol.05.02.397432

Simon M. Drake, David Brown, A. Beard, Padej Kumlertsakul, D. Thompson, Charlotte L. Bays, I. Millar, K. Goodenough

{"title":"Catastrophic caldera-forming eruptions and climate perturbations: the result of tectonic and magmatic controls on the Paleocene-Eocene Kilchrist Caldera, Isle of Skye, NW Scotland","authors":"Simon M. Drake, David Brown, A. Beard, Padej Kumlertsakul, D. Thompson, Charlotte L. Bays, I. Millar, K. Goodenough","doi":"10.30909/vol.05.02.397432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30909/vol.05.02.397432","url":null,"abstract":"Caldera-forming eruptions are amongst the most hazardous events in the Earth’s history, and understanding their formation is essential to forecasting activity at active calderas worldwide. In this study we present new field and geochronological evidence for a Paleocene-Eocene caldera from Skye, NW Scotland. Magma exploited a regional thrust fault as a conduit, and then ponded against intrusive igneous rocks emplaced against a regional extensional fault. Replenishment of silicic magma reservoirs with basaltic magma triggered eruptions. The eruptions typically deposited extremely coarse ignimbrites, demonstrating catastrophic collapse of the caldera, which occurred via an inner ring fault and a complexly faulted marginal zone. Collapse was followed by remobilisation of silicic magma and caldera resurgence. The magma consumed dolostone country rocks, causing significant release of CO2 and contributed to the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Our results demonstrate how tectonics localise magma and caldera development, and how this can cause cataclysmic volcanic and climatic hazards.","PeriodicalId":33053,"journal":{"name":"Volcanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41380458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A decade of earthquake activity at Taupō Volcano, New Zealand 新西兰陶普火山十年来的地震活动

Volcanica Pub Date : 2022-10-27 DOI: 10.30909/vol.05.02.335348

F. Illsley‐Kemp, P. Herath, C. Chamberlain, Konstantinos Michailos, C. Wilson

引用次数: 1

Volcanic crisis management supported by near real-time lava flow hazard assessment at Piton de la Fournaise, La Réunion 拉留尼汪Piton de la Fournaise火山危机管理由近实时熔岩流危险评估支持

Volcanica Pub Date : 2022-10-17 DOI: 10.30909/vol.05.02.313334

M. O. Chevrel, A. Harris, A. Peltier, N. Villeneuve, D. Coppola, M. Gouhier, Stéphane Drenne

{"title":"Volcanic crisis management supported by near real-time lava flow hazard assessment at Piton de la Fournaise, La Réunion","authors":"M. O. Chevrel, A. Harris, A. Peltier, N. Villeneuve, D. Coppola, M. Gouhier, Stéphane Drenne","doi":"10.30909/vol.05.02.313334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30909/vol.05.02.313334","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1979, Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion) has erupted on average two times per year, with 95 % of these eruptions occurring within an uninhabited caldera. However, lava flows have occasionally impacted populated regions on the island, as in 1977 and 1986. Since 2014, an integrated satellite data–driven multinational response to effusive crises has been developed to rapidly assess lava inundation area and flow runout distance. In 2018, this protocol was implemented as a standalone software to provide a lava flow hazard map showing the probability of flow coverage and runouts as a function of discharge rate. Since 2019, the produced short-term hazard map is shared with local civil protection in the first few hours following the start of an eruption to aid in mitigation actions. Multiple exchanges between scientists, the observatory, and civil protection has improved the delivered hazard map, ensuring a common understanding, a product which is of use and usable, and helping to build effective mitigation strategies at Piton de la Fournaise. In this work we illustrate this effective near real-time protocol with case studies and document how the produced short-term hazard map has been tailored to meet the needs of civil protection.","PeriodicalId":33053,"journal":{"name":"Volcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46652544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Sangay volcano (Ecuador): the opening of two new vents, a drumbeat seismic sequence and a new lava flow in late 2021 桑盖火山(厄瓜多尔):2021年底，两个新喷口开放，一个鼓状地震序列和一个新的熔岩流

Volcanica Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.30909/vol.05.02.295311

S. Hidalgo, F. Vasconez, J. Battaglia, B. Bernard, P. Espín, S. Valade, María-Fernanda Naranjo, R. Campion, J. Salgado, Marco Córdova, M. Almeida, S. Hernández, Gerardo Pino, E. Gaunt, A. Bell, P. Mothes, M. Ruiz

{"title":"Sangay volcano (Ecuador): the opening of two new vents, a drumbeat seismic sequence and a new lava flow in late 2021","authors":"S. Hidalgo, F. Vasconez, J. Battaglia, B. Bernard, P. Espín, S. Valade, María-Fernanda Naranjo, R. Campion, J. Salgado, Marco Córdova, M. Almeida, S. Hernández, Gerardo Pino, E. Gaunt, A. Bell, P. Mothes, M. Ruiz","doi":"10.30909/vol.05.02.295311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30909/vol.05.02.295311","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000On 2 December, 2021 we recorded a sequence of drumbeat seismic events at Sangay volcano. This sequence lasted several hours and resulted in two explosive emissions whose eruptive columns reached 9 km above crater. Unexpectedly, these explosions did not produce any ash fallout in the inhabited areas around the volcano. This drumbeat sequence was produced after a series of morphological changes, including the opening of two new vents (W and N) and a landslide. These occurred during an enhanced period of ground deformation and degassing. Further analysis of satellite images allowed us to determine that this sequence was associated with the widening of the recently open vent north of the main crater, and the extrusion of a new lava flow. Timely communication of this event to the authorities and the population was ensured by the IG-EPN by following internal protocols. The corresponding short reports reached more than 300,000 people.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":33053,"journal":{"name":"Volcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47212694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reconstruction of the 29th December 2013 eruption of San Miguel volcano, El Salvador, using video, photographs, and pyroclastic deposits 重建2013年12月29日的圣米格尔火山喷发，萨尔瓦多，使用视频，照片和火山碎屑沉积物

Volcanica Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.30909/vol.05.02.271293

Richard J. Brown, W. Hernández, D. Escobar, E. Gutiérrez, J. Crummy, R. Cole, Pierre-Yves Tournigand

引用次数: 2

Conduit formation and crustal microxenolith entrainment in a basaltic fissure eruption: Observations from Thríhnúkagígur Volcano, Iceland 玄武岩裂隙喷发中的导管形成和地壳微捕虏体夹带：来自冰岛Thríhnúkagígur火山的观测

Volcanica Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.30909/vol.05.02.249270

M. Hudak, M. Feineman, P. LaFemina, H. Geirsson, S. Agostini

引用次数: 1

The influence of vegetation cover on the grain-size distributions and thicknesses of two Icelandic tephra layers 植被覆盖对两种冰岛冰原层粒度分布和厚度的影响

Volcanica Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.30909/vol.05.02.227248

Conner A. G. Morison, R. Streeter

引用次数: 2

Volcanic event management in the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador 厄瓜多尔Galápagos群岛的火山事件管理

Volcanica Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.30909/vol.05.01.209225

B. Bernard, P. Ramón, Leonardo García, S. Hernández, F. Vasconez, G. Viracucha, S. Hidalgo

引用次数: 5

Drivers of crop impacts from tephra fallout: Insights from interviews with farming communities around Tungurahua volcano, Ecuador 火山灰沉降物对作物影响的驱动因素：对厄瓜多尔通古拉瓦火山周围农业社区的采访

Volcanica Pub Date : 2022-05-09 DOI: 10.30909/vol.05.01.163181

N. Ligot, A. Guevara, P. Delmelle

引用次数: 4

Geology of a Neogene caldera cluster in the Borgarfjörður eystri–Loðmundarfjörður area, Eastern Iceland 冰岛东部Borgarfjörğur eystri–Loğmundarfjö

Volcanica Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.30909/vol.05.01.133161

S. Burchardt, Birgir V. Óskarsson, L. Gustafsson, Sylvia E. Berg, M. Riishuus

{"title":"Geology of a Neogene caldera cluster in the Borgarfjörður eystri–Loðmundarfjörður area, Eastern Iceland","authors":"S. Burchardt, Birgir V. Óskarsson, L. Gustafsson, Sylvia E. Berg, M. Riishuus","doi":"10.30909/vol.05.01.133161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30909/vol.05.01.133161","url":null,"abstract":"The Borgarfjörður eystri–Loðmundarfjörður area in Eastern Iceland hosts several volcanic centres in a relatively small area. Large volumes of silicic, as well as an unusual amount of intermediate rocks, occur in this area, alongside other volcanic and sub-volcanic features that formed in the Miocene between 14 and 12:2 Ma. We compiled the first comprehensive geological map of the area and summarise the geology based on more than 40 years of fieldwork. We identify regionally extensive marker horizons that comprise intermediate (icelandite) and mafic (olivine basalt and porphyritic basalt) lavas. These marker horizons, along with new paleomagnetic data and some previous radiogenic dating, allow us to bracket a phase of magmatic activity that is one of the oldest in Eastern Iceland. We describe the prominent features of the volcanic centres, including remnants of collapse calderas in Njarðvík, Dyrfjöll, Breðuvík and other ignimbrite-producing vent structures in Kækjuskörð and Herfell. Notably, the area also contains extremely well exposed examples of volcanic vents, cone sheets, and unique caldera-lake sediments. We conclude with open questions to inspire future research on this understudied area.","PeriodicalId":33053,"journal":{"name":"Volcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45218060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2