{"title":"Advances in Geometrical Analysis of Topologically-Varying Shapes","authors":"Anuj Srivastava, Xiaoyang Guo, Hamid Laga","doi":"10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153426","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical shape analysis using geometrical approaches provides comprehensive tools – such as geodesic deformations, shape averages, and principal modes of variability – all in the original object space. While geometrical methods have been limited to objects with fixed topologies (e.g. functions, closed curves, surfaces of genus zero, etc) in the past, this paper summarizes recent progress where geometrical approaches are beginning to handle topologically different objects – trees, graphs, etc – that exhibit arbitrary branching and connectivity patterns. The key idea is to “divide-and-conquer”, i.e. break complex objects into simpler parts and help register these parts across objects. Such matching and quantification require invariant metrics from Riemannian geometry and provide foundational tools for statistical shape analysis.","PeriodicalId":329356,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging Workshops (ISBI Workshops)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129105121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Gong, Hongming Shan, Yueyang Teng, Hairong Zheng, Ge Wang, Shanshan Wang
{"title":"Deeply-Supervised Multi-Dose Prior Learning For Low-Dose Pet Imaging","authors":"Yu Gong, Hongming Shan, Yueyang Teng, Hairong Zheng, Ge Wang, Shanshan Wang","doi":"10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153450","url":null,"abstract":"Positron emission tomography (PET) is an advanced imaging modality for tumor staging and therapy response. However, PET radiation exposure has raised public concerns and it is in need to develop low-dose PET imaging techniques. This paper proposes to explore prior information inherited in different levels of low-dose PET images with deep learning and then utilize them to estimate high-quality PET images from the image with the lowest dose. The proposed method is evaluated on the in vivo dataset with encouraging performance.","PeriodicalId":329356,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging Workshops (ISBI Workshops)","volume":"63 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134316157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natalia Sokolova, M. Taschwer, S. Sarny, Doris Putzgruber-Adamitsch, K. Schoeffmann
{"title":"Pixel-Based Iris and Pupil Segmentation in Cataract Surgery Videos Using Mask R-CNN","authors":"Natalia Sokolova, M. Taschwer, S. Sarny, Doris Putzgruber-Adamitsch, K. Schoeffmann","doi":"10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153367","url":null,"abstract":"Automatically detecting clinically relevant events in surgery video recordings is becoming increasingly important for documentary, educational, and scientific purposes in the medical domain. From a medical image analysis perspective, such events need to be treated individually and associated with specific visible objects or regions. In the field of cataract surgery (lens replacement in the human eye), pupil reaction (dilation or restriction) during surgery may lead to complications and hence represents a clinically relevant event. Its detection requires automatic segmentation and measurement of pupil and iris in recorded video frames. In this work, we contribute to research on pupil and iris segmentation methods by (1) providing a dataset of 82 annotated images for training and evaluating suitable machine learning algorithms, and (2) applying the Mask R-CNN algorithm to this problem, which—in contrast to existing techniques for pupil segmentation—predicts free-form pixel-accurate segmentation masks for iris and pupil. The proposed approach achieves consistent high segmentation accuracies on several metrics while delivering an acceptable prediction efficiency, establishing a promising basis for further segmentation and event detection approaches on eye surgery videos.","PeriodicalId":329356,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging Workshops (ISBI Workshops)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128042617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Csrgan: Medical Image Super-Resolution Using A Generative Adversarial Network","authors":"Yongpei Zhu, Zicong Zhou, G. Liao, Kehong Yuan","doi":"10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153436","url":null,"abstract":"Super-resolution medical image is vital for doctor’s diagnosis and quantitative analysis. In this work we propose a novel super-resolution generative adversarial network which combine conditional GAN (CGAN) and SRGAN, refer to it as CSRGAN to generate super-resolution (SR) images. We use differential geometric information including Jacobian determinant (JD) and curl vector (CV) as conditional inputs of both the discriminator and generator of SRGAN, which make full use of the idea of using GANs to learn a mapping from one manifold to another. In addition, we proposed a content loss motivated by CV feature information instead of VGG loss in SRGAN. We trained our model on a large-scale dataset CelebFaces Attributes, tested it on medical ultrasound image dataset. The experimental results show the method can achieve better performance in SR image generation with higher average peak signal-tonoise ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity (SSIM) and Mean Opinion Score (MOS) compared with SRGAN.","PeriodicalId":329356,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging Workshops (ISBI Workshops)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129846256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Abascal, N. Ducros, V. Pronina, S. Bussod, A. Hauptmann, S. Arridge, P. Douek, F. Peyrin
{"title":"Material Decomposition Problem in Spectral CT: A Transfer Deep Learning Approach","authors":"J. Abascal, N. Ducros, V. Pronina, S. Bussod, A. Hauptmann, S. Arridge, P. Douek, F. Peyrin","doi":"10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153440","url":null,"abstract":"Current model-based variational methods used for solving the nonlinear material decomposition problem in spectral computed tomography rely on prior knowledge of the scanner energy response, but this is generally unknown or spatially varying. We propose a twostep deep transfer learning approach that can learn the energy response of the scanner and its variation across the detector pixels. First, we pretrain U-Net on a large data set assuming ideal data, and, second, we fine-tune the pretrained model using few data corresponding to a non-ideal scenario. We assess it on numerical thorax phantoms that comprise soft tissue, bone and kidneys marked with gadolinium, which are built from the kits19 dataset. We find that the proposed method solves the material decomposition problem without prior knowledge of the scanner energy response. We compare our approach to a regularized Gauss-Newton method and obtain a superior image quality.","PeriodicalId":329356,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging Workshops (ISBI Workshops)","volume":"39 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114024043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DP2 Block: An Improved Multi-Scale Block for Pulmonary Nodule Detection","authors":"Hao Zhang, Haoqian Wang, Yongbing Zhang, Yanbin Peng","doi":"10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153448","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary nodule detection is a challenging problem in biomedical imaging. Most existing approaches exploit the multi-scale features at a layer level to detect nodule. However, the effect of features at a layer level is limited. This study proposes an improved architecture unit, which we term the 3D DP2 block. Just as its name implies, it is improved by the idea of the 3D dual-path network. It combines multiscale features not only in a layer-wise manner but also at a granular level, which means it can combine global features with local and increases the scales of receptive fields. Moreover, we adopt the coordination-guided convolutional layers (CoordConvs) and design a loss function inspired by the loss of Fast R-CNN. The proposed 3D DP2 block can be easily plugged into the backbone CNN architectures such as the U-Net model without additional parameters introduced while increasing the model accuracy. Our 3D DP2 block based on U-Net is validated on a public LUNA16 dataset. It improves the nodule detection accuracy compared with the baseline model. This demonstrates that pulmonary nodule detection can highly benefit from the multi-scale features at a granular level. And the proposed 3D DP2Net should be useful to other medical detection problems.","PeriodicalId":329356,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging Workshops (ISBI Workshops)","volume":"291 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116051082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hrishikesh Deshpande, T. Harder, A. Saalbach, A. Sawarkar, T. Buelow
{"title":"Detection Of Foreign Objects In Chest Radiographs Using Deep Learning","authors":"Hrishikesh Deshpande, T. Harder, A. Saalbach, A. Sawarkar, T. Buelow","doi":"10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153350","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a deep learning framework for the automated detection of foreign objects in chest radiographs. Foreign objects can affect the diagnostic quality of an image and could affect the performance of CAD systems. Their automated detection could alert the technologists to take corrective actions. In addition, the detection of foreign objects such as pacemakers or placed devices could also help automate clinical workflow. We used a subset of the MIMIC CXR dataset and annotated 6061 images for six foreign object categories namely tubes and wires, pacemakers, implants, small external objects, jewelry and push-buttons. A transfer learning based approach was developed for both binary and multi-label classification. All networks were pre-trained using the computer vision database ImageNet and the NIH database ChestX-ray14. The evaluation was performed using 5-fold cross-validation (CV) with 4704 images and an additional test set with 1357 images. We achieved the best average area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.972 for binary classification and 0.969 for multilabel classification using 5-fold CV. On the test dataset, the respective best AUCs of 0.984 and 0.969 were obtained using a dense convolutional network.","PeriodicalId":329356,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging Workshops (ISBI Workshops)","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124753325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preliminary Studies On Training And Fine-Tuning Deep Denoiser Neural Networks In Learned D-Amp For Undersampled Real Mr Measurements","authors":"Hanvit Kim, Dong Un Kang, S. Chun","doi":"10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153368","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, deep learning based MR image reconstructions have shown outstanding performance. While there have been many direct mapping based methods by deep neural networks without taking advantage of known physical model of medical imaging modality, some groups investigated combining conventional model-based image reconstruction (MBIR) and learning based method to enhance performance and computation speed of MBIR. Here, we investigated learned denoiser-based approximate message passing (LDAMP) with undersampled MR measurements. LDAMP yielded favorable performance over BM3D-based AMP even though ground truth images were noisy and deep denoisers were trained only for Gaussian noise, not for undersampling artifacts. We further investigated the feasibility of using Stein’s unbiased risk estimator (SURE) to fine-tune deep denoisers with given undersampled MR measurement. Our proposed SURE based unsupervised fine-tuning method faithfully reconstructed images corresponding to the measurement and demonstrated the potential of enhancing the image quality of LDAMP results on real MRI dataset.","PeriodicalId":329356,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging Workshops (ISBI Workshops)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116975557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sundaresh Ram, S. Humphries, D. Lynch, C. Galbán, C. Hatt
{"title":"Lung Lobe Segmentation With Automated Quality Assurance Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks","authors":"Sundaresh Ram, S. Humphries, D. Lynch, C. Galbán, C. Hatt","doi":"10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBIWorkshops50223.2020.9153455","url":null,"abstract":"Despite good performance for medical image segmentation, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have not been widely accepted in clinical practice as they are complex and tend to fail silently. Additionally, uncertainty in their predictions are not well understood, making them obscure and challenging to interpret. Automatically detecting possible failures in network predictions is important, as we can refer such cases for manual inspection or correction by human observers. In this paper, we analyse the uncertainty for deep CNN-based lung lobe segmentation in computed tomography (CT) scans by proposing a test-time augmentation-based aleatoric uncertainty measure. Through this analysis, we produce spatial uncertainty maps, from which a clinician can observe where and why a system thinks it is failing, and quantify the image-level prediction of failure. Our results show that such an uncertainty measure is highly correlated to segmentation accuracy and therefore presents an inherent measure of segmentation quality.","PeriodicalId":329356,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging Workshops (ISBI Workshops)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130091280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}