Global Environmental Change最新文献

{"title":"Low perception of climate change by farmers and herders on Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Jiawei Yi ,&nbsp;Yuan Tian ,&nbsp;Nicholas P. Simpson ,&nbsp;Yunyan Du ,&nbsp;Ting Ma ,&nbsp;Chengqun Yu ,&nbsp;Talbot M. Andrews ,&nbsp;Tao Pei ,&nbsp;Xinjie Zha ,&nbsp;Chenghu Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Sun ,&nbsp;Shaowei Li ,&nbsp;Zhiming Zhong ,&nbsp;Junxi Wu ,&nbsp;Jialu An ,&nbsp;Fusong Han ,&nbsp;Cheng Duan ,&nbsp;Huixia Zou ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Nan Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vulnerable groups living in climate-sensitive areas are facing unprecedented risks. Their perception of the changing climate and its impacts has potentially significant influence over the choices they make in response. However, our understanding of the climate change perceptions of many vulnerable groups, and the key environmental and social predictors of public understanding of climate risk, is insufficient. Our integrated analysis of physical climate trends, demographic characteristics, and climate change responses of over 24,000 farmers and herders across the Tibetan Plateau, finds that fewer than 26 % of respondents perceive the significant warming trend in their region. The results suggest perceptions of climate change are more sensitive to rates of temperature change, changes around ice melt, and extremes, than increases in average temperatures. Importantly, broader dimensions of well-being have influence over perception and confidence in adaptation options as average annual income, having a credit loan, consuming trusted media, and living on high-altitude locations have a significant positive effect on perceiving climate change. Identifying synergies between dimensions of human well-being and adaptation to climate change is critical for investment in the scalable transformations needed to achieve more sustainable livelihoods. Improving income, access to credit and social services present policy makers opportunities for targeted interventions to increase climate change perception of farmers and herders. These interventions can reduce inequalities in adaptation capacity and strengthen the public’s ability to adapt to the impacts of climate change with co-benefits with broader progress towards poverty reduction, social services, climate information and education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102970"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creating favorable conditions for inter- and transdisciplinary integration – An analytical framework and empirical insights","authors":"Lisa Deutsch ,&nbsp;Christian Pohl ,&nbsp;David N. Bresch ,&nbsp;Sabine Hoffmann","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complex global social-ecological challenges of our time such as climate change, biodiversity loss or, more recently, the Covid-19 pandemic can neither be comprehensively understood nor properly addressed by employing a single disciplinary or sectoral perspective. For this reason, more and more large inter- and transdisciplinary (ITD) initiatives are on the rise, intending to open up the silo-like production of knowledge and to advance the integration of different fields of expertise within academia, but also across science, policy and practice. While the need for ITD initiatives in order to both understand and address the complexity of such global socio-ecological challenges has increasingly been acknowledged by research institutions, funders and public authorities, a question remains concerning the extent to which prevailing conditions suffice for conducting ITD research, particularly in terms of whether the envisioned integration of perspectives and actors really happen in practice. This paper embraces a holistic view on ITD integration by presenting both an analytical framework and empirical insights from three ITD initiatives based in Switzerland dealing with sustainable urban water management, (future) extreme events and cross-sectoral climate impacts and climate services in different socio-economic contexts. The framework is based on critical realist reasoning and employs a structure-agency lens by distinguishing conditions of integration at different structural levels, while also acknowledging the power of actors to shape integration and the respective structures. The paper thereby illustrates and helps diagnose the source of challenges experienced in living up to ITD integration endeavors and how these different structural levels are interrelated and impact ITD integration. We conclude by discussing entry points for action aimed at transforming currently unfavorable structures into favorable ones. We thereby intend to provide, in particular, insights for a wide range of actors interested in making sure that ITD initiatives intended to address the global social-ecological challenges of our time can realize their full integration potential in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102963"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing climate inaction as our greatest threat to sustainable development","authors":"Samuel Mackay ,&nbsp;Rob Hales ,&nbsp;John Hewson ,&nbsp;Rosemary Addis ,&nbsp;Brendan Mackey","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>More than 1 degree of global warming has been reached and once projected impacts are now being realized. Despite these impacts and the short timeframe available to avoid further warming, climate inaction remains a major threat to sustainable development. In this article, we bring a renewed focus to the issue of climate inaction. We unpack the systemic market failure that underpins current climate action efforts globally and how by shifting focus to address inaction this could be overcome. We explore how climate policies are inadvertently allowing climate inaction to persist, why this is happening and how to address it. Central to our argument is that climate policies still draw too heavily on a neoclassical development paradigm, rather than reinvigorated industrial policy, resulting in market interventions that fail to address the scale and systemic nature of the climate action challenge. We therefore reorient climate policies towards addressing inaction as a systemic development challenge that demands a stronger role from the government. We conclude by proposing a market systems framework for guiding policymakers to better target the systemic nature of climate inaction and the threat it poses to sustainable development<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102969"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental change and migration aspirations: Evidence from Bangladesh","authors":"Lukas Rudolph ,&nbsp;Vally Koubi ,&nbsp;Jan Freihardt","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The argument that environmental stress is an important driver of migration has gained renewed attention amidst increasing climatic changes. This study examines whether and how two distinct environmental stressors influence migration aspirations among affected populations. Our analysis relies on two waves of original survey data of 1,594 households residing in 36 villages along the 250 km of the Jamuna River in Bangladesh, an area heavily impacted by floods and riverbank erosion. The results reveal that riverbank erosion – a long-term environmental event causing permanent destruction – increases aspirations for internal, permanent migration by about 15 percentage points, 4 to 6 months after the occurrence. In contrast, sudden and short-term events, like floods, which have a more temporary impact, do not affect migration aspirations. These results suggest that the type of environmental event shapes adaptation strategies, with migration emerging as a viable response to more severe and lasting events such as erosion. This entails important policy implications regarding the effects of climate change on future patterns of internal migration and highlights that most affected individuals prefer to adapt to environmental stress <em>in situ</em> or within close proximity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102966"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Sometimes, I just want to scream”: Institutional barriers limiting adaptive capacity and resilience to extreme events","authors":"S. Jeff Birchall ,&nbsp;Sarah Kehler ,&nbsp;Sebastian Weissenberger","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is increasing atmospheric river risk, requiring communities to build resilience and implement adaptation strategies. Effective infrastructure and emergency management are two adaptations required for communities to cope with, and respond to, acute impacts of climate-related extreme events. In 2021, Fraser Valley, British Columbia, Canada experienced an unprecedented, yet anticipated, atmospheric river that exceeded risk-mitigation infrastructure and emergency management capacity. We ask: if they knew, why were they not prepared? Through a review of strategic planning documents and a qualitative analysis of semi-structured, key actor interviews, we analyze the impact of adaptive capacity on adaptation implementation. Our findings demonstrate that institutional barriers limited adaptive capacity, stagnated adaptation implementation and, in consequence, existing infrastructure and emergency management were insufficient to prevent acute impacts during the event. Further discussion identified formal and informal institutions preventing adaptation implementation: Formally, hierarchical governance decreased community adaptive capacity and led to infrastructure deficit, while informally, development-driven decision-making overshadowed infrastructure mitigation and preparedness priorities. Historical anthropocentric decisions persisted through path dependencies, preventing resilient decision-making during a time of rapid change. Recommendations are made to address these barriers and empower communities to prepare for climate change. This research offers understanding on institutional barriers limiting adaptive capacity and, more generally, contributes to a growing body of research that elucidates why communities face climate change underprepared.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102967"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing coal use is key to curbing toxic trace elements emissions in China driven by carbon neutrality policy","authors":"Yujie Pan ,&nbsp;Xiaorui Liu ,&nbsp;Chaoyi Guo ,&nbsp;Yaqing Guo ,&nbsp;Emily Welsch ,&nbsp;Zhuoer Feng ,&nbsp;Xiaotian Ma ,&nbsp;Guowangchen Liu ,&nbsp;Meng Xu ,&nbsp;Hancheng Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toxic trace elements (TEs) are commonly co-emitted with carbon dioxide (CO₂) and pose challenges to achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the extent to which carbon mitigation measures can simultaneously reduce these pollutants remains unclear. Here, we developed an integrated assessment model to evaluate the impact of China’s carbon neutrality policies on TEs emissions from coal combustion across various regions and sectors. Our findings reveal that, compared to baseline scenarios, a 77% carbon reduction under the carbon neutrality policies leads to an 85%-88% decrease in TEs emissions in 2060 within coal-consuming sectors, highlighting the importance of regional and sectoral heterogeneity. We identified key regions and sectors with disproportionately high emission intensities and co-reduction potential. Priority regions include Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Guizhou, Hubei, and Jiangsu, while critical sectors include petrol oil, power generation, services, chemicals, and metal smelting. We also portrayed, for the first time in literature, an integrated long-term roadmap for synergistic control of CO₂ and TEs emissions. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing multi-pollution reduction strategies and enhancing environmental governance efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102965"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coping with decarbonisation: An inventory of strategies from resistance to transformation","authors":"Marie Claire Brisbois ,&nbsp;Roberto Cantoni","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decarbonisation is progressing rapidly and different actors respond to its impacts in different ways. Whether these responses seek to resist decarbonisation, adapt to new realities, or fundamentally transform the social and economic conditions that define decarbonisation contexts depends on the actor groups in question and the resources they are able to draw upon. This paper provides an overview of the kinds of “coping strategies” used by different actor groups in response to decarbonisation policy by inventorying these responses across eleven European carbon intensive regions in transitions. Using newspaper data, local level focus groups and elite interviews, a data set of 651 responses was created. Actions were grouped into 8 themes and 34 discrete strategies. These strategies reveal a wide range of responses. They demonstrate that resistance responses often reflect unaddressed injustices, that many governments are focused on decarbonisation strategies that substitute renewables for fossil fuels without changing wider socioeconomic conditions, and that there is broad appetite on the part of publics for more transformative strategies that allow deeper participation and representation, and reshape who benefits, and how, from the reorganisation of energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102968"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental impacts and food loss and waste in the U.S. aquatic food system","authors":"David C. Love ,&nbsp;Mark Brown ,&nbsp;Silvio Viglia ,&nbsp;Frank Asche ,&nbsp;Jillian Fry ,&nbsp;Taryn M. Garlock ,&nbsp;Lekelia D. Jenkins ,&nbsp;Ly Nguyen ,&nbsp;James Anderson ,&nbsp;Elizabeth M. Nussbaumer ,&nbsp;Roni Neff","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquatic food systems support global food and nutrition security, livelihoods, and economies, but put significant environmental pressure on the planet. The United States (U.S.) is the world’s fourth largest consumer and the largest importer of aquatic food, which makes it a good case for studying aquatic food systems. Here, we estimate the energy use, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) and blue water use by species, production method, product form, and stage of the U.S. supply chain, while accounting for trade and food loss and waste. We identified wide variation across species for energy use (40.2 to 259.1 MJ/kg), GHGe (3.7 to 22.2 kg CO2 eq/kg), and blue water use (15.8 to 1,851 l/kg). Capture fisheries and aquaculture on average used similar amounts of energy per unit of edible aquatic food; however, aquaculture emitted 54 % more GHGe and consumed 784 % more blue water than capture fisheries, due to the high GHGe and blue water intensity of aquaculture feed. Products with the lowest energy use were canned, fresh, and frozen sockeye salmon, frozen pollock, and frozen catfish. Products with the lowest GHGe were canned, fresh, and frozen sockeye salmon, frozen pollock, canned and frozen tuna, and frozen Atlantic salmon, All wild caught species had significantly lower blue water use impacts than farmed products. The production stage had the largest environmental impacts, but measuring production alone would miss 64 % of the energy, 36 % of the GHGe, and 21 % of the blue water used in the remainder of the supply chain. The processing stage was an important contributor to resource use for species with energy and water efficient production practices. Aquatic food in the U.S. supply is lost and wasted at an overall rate of 23 %; lost and wasted seafood contains 22 % to 24 % of the embodied energy, GHGe, and blue water in aquatic food systems. Compared to findings identified in the literature, aquatic foods in this study were lower in GHGe than beef, had a range of GHGe that extended above and below pork and poultry, and had higher GHGe than most legumes, and nuts. Estimating the environmental impacts and food loss and waste in the U.S. aquatic food system can help identify opportunities to enhance sustainability and resilience and support science communication about lower-impact foods and dietary patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102964"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The financialization of rivers: Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) subsidized hydropower in the Mekong Region’s basins at risk","authors":"Stew Motta ,&nbsp;Isabella Böck ,&nbsp;Johanna Koehler ,&nbsp;Aaron T. Wolf ,&nbsp;Philipp Pattberg","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a key carbon offset scheme that underpins the global carbon market. This mechanism leaves out many other non-carbon considerations, including the impacts of the CDM on water governance. The CDM produces credits primarily through energy projects and CDM funded hydropower is one of the most significant outcomes of nearly two decades of carbon financing with funding subsidizing over 1,000 large-scale dams. This research maps these rapidly built infrastructure projects in transboundary river systems, which has shown to have direct links to increasing hydropolitical tensions. The Mekong Region’s Irrawaddy, Bei Jiang/Hsi, Red, and Salween rivers are all considered to be amongst the world’s river basins considered ‘very high risk’ for conflict. Our research shows that these ‘very high risk’ rivers were the top four river basins to receive CDM funded large-scale hydropower. These four basins at ‘very high risk’ along with the Mekong River were the top five recipient rivers of 274 CDM subsidized large-scale dams. These dams were rapidly financed and constructed in the upstream catchments in the name of carbon reduction claims in China and Europe. This response to climate change enhances power imbalances and raises the risk of hydropolitical tensions as Mekong communities shoulder the costs of increasing insecurities in the name of distant carbon reduction claims in Europe and Beijing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102962"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive capacities of inland fisheries facing anthropogenic pressures","authors":"Gretchen L. Stokes ,&nbsp;Samuel J. Smidt ,&nbsp;Emily L. Tucker ,&nbsp;Matteo Cleary ,&nbsp;Simon Funge-Smith ,&nbsp;John Valbo‐Jørgensen ,&nbsp;Benjamin S. Lowe ,&nbsp;Abigail J. Lynch","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inland fisheries face multiple, intensifying threats (i.e., proximate human pressures causing degraded ecological attributes) from land development, climate change, resource extraction, and competing demands for water resources. Planning for resiliency amidst these pressures requires understanding the factors that influence an inland fishery’s capacity to adapt to system changes under multiple threats. Incorporating expert knowledge can illuminate priority fisheries and provide important insights where data are otherwise limited. Using data from a global survey of 536 fishery professionals, this study examines perceptions of threats and adaptive capacity (i.e., ability to mitigate or respond to change) in major inland fisheries. We assessed associations across 29 different perceived threats and their ranked influence scores, tested agreement among five adaptive capacity domains (i.e., agency, assets, flexibility, learning, organization), and examined relationships between threats and adaptive capacity domains. Results provide quantitative evidence that the greatest threats to inland fisheries come from outside the fishing sector and that most inland fisheries face multiple threats. Results also support the five domains as a collective measure of adaptive capacity and illuminate a negative association between the threats to a fishery and a fishery’s adaptive capacity. These findings highlight the need for fishery managers to engage in decision making with non-fishery sectors (e.g., multi-sectoral management) and the prioritization of habitat and watershed-scale conservation and rehabilitation efforts for improved adaptability amidst ecological transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102949"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}