Fuel Processing Technology最新文献

{"title":"Monitoring technologies for CO₂ storage in coal seams and enhanced coalbed methane recovery: A review of field applications","authors":"Zhiming Fang ,&nbsp;Chenlong Yang ,&nbsp;Rundong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CO₂ storage in coal seams coupled with enhanced coalbed methane (CO₂-ECBM) recovery presents a synergistic solution that simultaneously mitigates atmospheric CO₂ emissions and enhances hydrocarbon production. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of monitoring technologies employed in global field applications of CO₂-ECBM projects, with particular focus on their deployment across 18 major initiatives in North American, Asian, and European coal basins. We systematically examine monitoring approaches across three critical domains: atmospheric, near-surface, and subsurface. Case studies reveal that while subsurface techniques form the cornerstone for operational monitoring, surface methods prove particularly effective in verifying CO₂ containment integrity. Despite significant technological progress, persistent challenges remain in cost-effective leak detection and long-term prediction of plume migration dynamics. A notable advancement comes from China's pioneering “space-air-ground-well” integrated remote sensing systems, which have substantially improved high-resolution CO₂ migration monitoring. This review emphasizes the necessity of site-specific monitoring protocols that address unique geological constraints-a crucial requirement for ensuring both operational safety and economic feasibility in commercial-scale CO₂-ECBM implementations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108274"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combustion characteristics of Al/B loaded Gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressure","authors":"Mengxiong Li ,&nbsp;Chuxiang Sun ,&nbsp;Qingyu Li ,&nbsp;Qingchun Yang ,&nbsp;Hongxin Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the combustion behavior of aluminum and boron loaded gel fuel droplets (10–20 wt%) under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. High-speed and color imaging captured the combustion process. The addition of gellant induces micro-explosions that enhance the burning rate; however, increasing particle concentration weakens this effect. At high concentrations, early particle shell formation hinders gel layer development, suppressing micro-explosions. Both micro-explosions and particle shells promote liquid-phase combustion. At low concentrations, micro-explosions dominate the enhancement, while at high concentrations, larger, early-formed particle shells are the primary contributor. Increasing ambient pressure reduces micro-explosion intensity but shortens ignition delay and raises the burning rate. Under high pressure, weak micro-explosions offer less enhancement and lead to larger particle agglomerates. Aluminum and boron gel droplets show similar liquid-phase behavior, but differ in particle combustion: aluminum ignites under all conditions, while boron requires higher pressures. The combustion process of high-concentration gel droplets under elevated conditions is divided into four stages: Stable Combustion, Particle Shell Formation, Particle Agglomerate Ignition, and Molten Particle Combustion. This staged model emphasizes the dominant role of particle shells, with minor contributions from micro-explosions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108272"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic investigation of NH3 decomposition over Ru-based catalysts: The limiting role of H* surface coverage and its impact on reactor engineering","authors":"Yi Qiu,&nbsp;Federico Sascha Franchi,&nbsp;Nicola Usberti,&nbsp;Alessandra Beretta","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>H₂ production via green NH₃ decomposition is a key process in the value chain of renewable energy storage and distribution, but reactor engineering studies are at an early stage due to the still open research on catalyst formulation and reaction kinetics. In this work, the kinetics of NH₃ decomposition are studied over Ru/MgAl₂O₄, Ru/γ-Al₂O₃ and Ru/MgO catalysts, that combine the best-known active metal, Ru, and supports suitable for industrial applications. For all the formulations, NH₃ concentration and H₂-cofeed are found to negatively affect the conversion, in line with the literature; however, original experiments at varying NH₃ concentration with large H₂-cofeed unambiguously show that, in the presence of H₂-rich streams representative of the catalyst application, the intrinsic kinetics have a linear dependence on NH₃ partial pressure and a negative order (−1.5) with respect to H₂ partial pressure, consistent with the hypothesis that ammonia dehydrogenation is rate determining and H* is the most abundant surface intermediate. The same kinetic dependences were obtained over a commercial Ru-based catalyst. The kinetic relevance of hydrogen coverage and the intrinsic first order dependence on NH₃ have two important implications: on a methodological plane, the performance and kinetics of the catalyst under industrially relevant conditions (e.g. pure ammonia) can be captured even under highly diluted NH₃ feeds (which guarantee the rigorous isothermal conditions) provided that the large H₂ contents are experienced; on a more applicative plane, both kinetic and thermodynamic factors play negatively at increasing concentration and pressure, thus large sizing (with GHSV values as low as 2500 Nl/kg/h) is needed to obtain complete ammonia conversion below 500 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108270"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the combustion and emission characteristics of thermal storage-assisted load reduction in a circulating fluidized bed","authors":"Zengcai Ji ,&nbsp;Guoliang Song ,&nbsp;Haiyang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a critical component of coal-fired power systems, circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers play a pivotal role as flexible power sources in modern power grids, contributing to grid reliability and operational stability. To address the challenges of significant thermal inertia and low load reduction rates inherent in CFB boilers, this study conducts experimental investigations into the combustion and emission characteristics during thermal storage-assisted load reduction. The results indicate that the thermal storage-assisted load reduction method can effectively improve the boiler's load regulation performance. However, the rate of load reduction varies significantly across different load ranges: when reducing from 100 % to 50 %, 100 % to 30 %, and 50 % to 30 %, the rates increased by 23 % and 9 %, and decreased by 62 %, respectively. Compared with the conventional load reduction method, thermal storage-assisted operation slightly improves combustion efficiency, increases NO_x emissions, and reduces CO emissions. Increasing the amount of stored heat significantly alters the furnace temperature distribution - larger temperature drops in the lower region and smaller drops in the upper region - accompanied by higher NO_x emissions, lower CO emissions, improved combustion efficiency and improved load reduction rate. When reducing load from 100 % to 50 %, increasing the stored material to 14 %, 24 %, and 34 % led to corresponding load reduction rate improvements of 18 %, 23 %, and 111 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108263"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in heterogeneous catalysis for renewable energy and petrochemical production from biomass","authors":"Ifeanyi Michael Smarte Anekwe ,&nbsp;Stephen Okiemute Akpasi ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh ,&nbsp;Atuman Samaila Joel ,&nbsp;Sherif Ishola Mustapha ,&nbsp;Yusuf Makarfi Isa","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Historically, catalytic advances often occurred during events such as wars or embargoes. However, research efforts are focused on better understanding catalytic processes, minimising feedstock and process costs, developing new catalytic materials, and addressing environmental concerns. This study provides an overview of the global energy system, which forms the basis for the need for alternative energy sources as a panacea for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and providing clean and affordable energy sources through heterogeneous catalysis. It also discusses the development of numerous heterogeneous catalytic materials and processes, focusing on the catalytic conversion of biomass and its derivatives, particularly into fuel blendstocks and petrochemicals. In this context, the analysis of the techno-economic and environmental impact of the different biomass conversion technologies was emphasised. Despite the numerous catalysts and technologies developed and documented over the last century, catalytic processes still have some drawbacks. This study further examined the challenges and offered technological opportunities for developing catalytic materials and processes. It also provided a framework for advancing clean and affordable energy in the renewable energy sector using catalytic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108267"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slurry-phase hydrotreating of vacuum gas oil with Mo-based dispersed catalyst in semi-batch and continuous reactors","authors":"Eleni Heracleous ,&nbsp;Flora Papadopoulou ,&nbsp;Angelos A. Lappas","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we investigate the use of Mo-based dispersed catalyst, using oleo-soluble Mo-octoate as precursor, for the slurry hydrocracking of VGO as model feedstock in both semi-batch and continuous slurry reactors. The <em>in-situ</em> formation of the catalyst from the corresponding precursor investigated under reaction conditions with Light Cycle Oil (LCO) as feed demonstrates that Mo sulfidation occurs rapidly between 300 and 350 °C, leading to the formation of MoS₂ nanoparticles of hexagonal structure with laminar morphology. Thermal and catalytic semi-batch tests at varying Mo concentration and reaction time indicate that the hydrodesulfurization reactions are catalytically-driven, while cracking follows the thermal free-radical reaction mechanism. At Mo concentrations ≤ 2000 wppm, the active hydrogen formed by the catalyst quenches the free radicals thereby restricting the cracking reactions, while at loadings &gt; 2000 wppm Mo, MoS₂ partially contributes to cracking <em>via</em> C<img>C bond hydrogenolysis. Continuous pilot-scale tests for over 60 h showed no operability issues, achieving high liquid yields (&gt; 98 wt.%). Variation of the sulfur removal and cracking extent with time-on-stream suggests partial catalyst accumulation in the slurry reactor during operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108271"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding catalyst deactivation in an industrial green hydrotreater and its correlation with catalyst composition","authors":"Elham Nejadmoghadam ,&nbsp;Abdenour Achour ,&nbsp;Olov Öhrman ,&nbsp;Derek Creaser ,&nbsp;Louise Olsson","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding and mitigating catalyst deactivation is crucial for enhancing the efficiency of hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) processes in the production of biofuels. In this study sulfided metal catalysts, NiMo/Al₂O₃, NiMo/SiO₂-Al₂O₃, and NiW/Al₂O₃ along with bare supports (Al₂O₃, SiO₂-Al₂O₃, and zeolite Y) were placed in a refinery green hydrotreating unit. Potassium, phosphorus and sodium were identified as major poisons. The HDO activity of spent catalysts was assessed in a lab-scale batch reactor at 58 bar H₂ and 325 °C for deoxygenation of oleic acid. The results highlighted that the active metals, particularly NiW, had a more pronounced tendency to attract poisons compared to the supports. However, with bare supports, coking was more significant and simultaneously less poisons were trapped, which could be due to blocking of the pores with coke. In the presence of these poisons there was a significant decline in oxygenate conversion compared with fresh catalysts, with a gradual reduction in activity for both decarbonation and direct-HDO products. Solvent washing treatments with DMSO and water were employed in an attempt to recover the activity of the spent catalysts, by partially removing the poisons. However, through these treatments, the activity of the NiMo/Al₂O₃ catalyst could not be restored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108260"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroprocessing of waste plastics to produce diesel under low processing temperatures using ionic liquid catalyst","authors":"Jai Ganesh Ramajayam ,&nbsp;Mangesh Varadarajulu Lakshmipathy ,&nbsp;Tamizhdurai Perumal ,&nbsp;Tinku Baidya ,&nbsp;Murali Govindarajan ,&nbsp;Radha Palaniswamy ,&nbsp;Nadavala Siva Kumar ,&nbsp;Ramasubba Reddy Palem ,&nbsp;Mohammad Asif","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastics play an indispensable role in daily life due to their durability, light weight, cost-effectiveness, and versatility, making the development of efficient waste management solutions vital for addressing the challenges posed by synthetic plastic disposal at the end of their lifecycle. Plastics, mostly sourced from petroleum-based feedstocks, can be reprocessed into petroleum products by catalytic and hydrothermal techniques. Pyrolysis oil, which predominantly consists of unsaturated hydrocarbons, requires upgrading to saturated aromatic compounds through hydroprocessing for use in vehicle fuel applications. This work introduces an innovative method employing ionic liquid-supported solid catalysts for the hydroprocessing of waste plastics into fuel at low processing temperatures. Specifically, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate (EMIM-OTf) immobilized on mesoporous Ni/SBA-15 was used as a hydroprocessing catalyst. Unlike previous studies requiring high reaction temperatures (300–400 °C) with heterogeneous catalysts, our process converted plastic pyrolysis oil to diesel-equivalent fuel at 190 °C under 70 bar H₂ pressure. GC–MS analysis confirmed olefin conversion into paraffins and the aromatization of reactants, yielding benzene and naphthalene derivatives. The resulting n-paraffins and isoparaffins matched commercial diesel by 95 % and 90 %, respectively, with a 3.65 % increase in aromatics. The physicochemical properties of the hydroprocessed pyrolysis oil (HMP-PO) complied with EN 590 European diesel standards. This study highlights a low-temperature strategy, contributing to energy efficiency and plastic waste mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108269"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of swirl position on supersonic CO2 condensation and energy distribution in hydrogen-rich streams: A throat-swirl optimization strategy","authors":"Chenyu Han ,&nbsp;Wenming Jiang ,&nbsp;Wenguang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhuoying Dou ,&nbsp;Nan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Supersonic condensation separation technology holds promise for hydrogen purification and carbon capture. This study investigates the condensation and energy distribution mechanisms of H₂-CO₂ mixtures and proposes a nozzle throat-swirl optimization strategy. Using an Euler-Euler multiphase flow model, we developed a numerical framework integrating the real gas equation, swirl effects, and CO₂ non-equilibrium condensation dynamics. A novel throat-swirl configuration was designed and compared with pre-swirl and rear-swirl schemes, while analyzing the energy distribution of the hydrogen-rich stream in axial and radial dimensions. Results demonstrate that the throat-swirl scheme achieves superior nucleation rates (J = 2.6 × 10²³ m⁻³·s⁻¹) and turbulent kinetic energy (k = 1312.5 m²·s⁻²), promoting fine droplet formation at the blade tip and addressing expansion limitations of the rear-swirl approach. Condensed droplet density significantly influences energy distribution, with turbulent kinetic energy peaking at the tube wall and increasing along the airflow direction. The throat-swirl scheme effectively balances condensation and separation efficiency. This work reveals how swirl position regulates energy distribution to impact condensation and separation, offering insights for supersonic separator design and clean hydrogen technology advancement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108268"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of hydrogen production in biomass gasification catalyzed by K+-modified cement clinker","authors":"Zhipeng Wu ,&nbsp;Meng Sui ,&nbsp;Fashe Li ,&nbsp;Jiahe Zhang ,&nbsp;Lianghao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Zeng ,&nbsp;Huicong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Catalysts play a pivotal role in the biomass gasification process. This study investigated the use of K⁺-modified cement clinker catalysts for biomass gasification, aimed at producing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. Catalysts with K/cement clinker (Cm) concentrations of 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 20 % were prepared using the impregnation method. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effects of K⁺-modified cement clinker concentration, biomass gasification temperature, and biomass-to-catalyst ratio on product yield were examined through gasification experiments conducted in a bubbling bed reactor. The results indicated that K⁺-loaded cement clinker considerably enhanced catalytic activity. At a temperature of 900 °C, K⁺ concentration of 15 % and a biomass-to-catalyst ratio of 5:2, the hydrogen yield reached 47.2 g/kg, representing a 240 % increase compared to hydrogen production from pure biomass gasification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108262"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}