Folia Medica Indonesiana最新文献

{"title":"Histological Study of Mice (Mus musculus Linn.) Digestive Organs Induced by Monosodium Glutamate after Consuming Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) Tea","authors":"Kanigara Anupama Sistra, N. I. Wiratmini, Anak Agung Sagung Alit Sukmaningsih","doi":"10.20473/fmi.v59i4.51153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i4.51153","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights:\u00001. This original study examined the antioxidants compounds derived from naturally sourced Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx\u00002. Hibiscus sabdariffa tea was able to maintain histological damage such as necrosis, degeneration cell, villous erosion, and epithelial desquamation of mice digestive organs after induced by MSG\u0000 \u0000Abstract\u0000Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most frequently used synthetic additive for food flavoring ingredient. Excessive use of MSG can cause cytotoxic effects which impacted the levels of oxidative stress and free radicals in the body, especially in the human digestive system. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is a plant that is known to has red flower petals, and has lots of beneficial active compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and other compounds which are antioxidants that function as free radical antidotes. This research aims to determine consumption effect of administration roselle tea, as well as its optimal dose for digestive organs restoration on MSG-induced mice. This research applied the completely randomized method, using 25 mice. Mice were divided into 5 treatments, consisting of K- (0.3 ml aquades), K+ (given 4 mg/g bw MSG), P1 (given 4 mg/g bw MSG and 2.6 mg/g bw Roselle), P2 (given 4 mg/g bw MSG and 3.9 mg/g bw Roselle), P3 (given 4 mg/g bw MSG and 5.2 mg/g bw Roselle). Treatment was administered orally using a gavage for 30 days. Histopathological examination of the stomach, duodenum, and liver was made by using the paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. Parameters observed in the stomach and duodenum were necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, villous erosion and epithelial desquamation, while in the hepatic organ parameters observed were necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and cell degeneration. The results of the parameters were statistically analyzed using the SPSS for windows version 22 application program. Normal and homogeneous data distribution was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, analyzed by One-Way ANOVA test, followed by Duncan Post-Hoc test if the data were normally distributed and there were significant differences (P < 0.05) between groups.  In conclusion, the infusion of roselle tea (H. sabdariffa) with graded doses were able to recover histological damage in the stomach, duodenum, and liver of mice (Mus musculus) that had been induced by MSG.","PeriodicalId":32666,"journal":{"name":"Folia Medica Indonesiana","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension and Lipid Profiles in Middle-Aged Male Patients: A Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia","authors":"Arin Nurtya, Artaria Tjempakasari, Ummi Maimunah, Sulistiawati, I Made Subhawa Harsa","doi":"10.20473/fmi.v59i4.49674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i4.49674","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights:\u00001. Uncertainty regarding the association between hypertension and the levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) signifies the need for more research, particularly in the realm of sex-specific analysis.2. Our study uncovered significant associations between hypertension and the levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides, expanding our understanding of the impact of lipid profiles on hypertension.3. This research may potentially pave the way for personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, ultimately enhancing hypertension management and patient outcomes.\u0000 \u0000Abstract\u0000Hypertension is one of the most frequent non-communicable diseases and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death globally. The risk of hypertension is higher in those with uncontrolled lipids. In this study, the incidence of hypertension and lipid profiles were examined from March 2020 to March 2022. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between hypertension in men aged 45–60 years and their lipid profiles, which include total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Medical records were utilized as secondary data. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Spearman rank correlation test. Statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. This research examined 115 patients with hypertension. The results showed that the stage of hypertension was correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.317; p=0.001) and triglyceride levels (r=0.217; p=0.02). However, the stage of hypertension was not significantly correlated with LDL (r=0.158; p=0.91) and HDL (r=0.75; p=0.423). Hence, our study underscores the nuanced relationship between lipid profiles and the stage of hypertension in middle-aged male patients. This study highlights the importance of sex-specific analysis in hypertensive research and provides promising avenues for further investigation.","PeriodicalId":32666,"journal":{"name":"Folia Medica Indonesiana","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Short-Term Extra Maltodextrin during a Diet Break on the Resistance Training Performance of Rattus norvegicus","authors":"Muhammad Irfan Indiarto, Irfiansyah Irwadi, Lina Lukitasari, Atika","doi":"10.20473/fmi.v59i4.39677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i4.39677","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights:\u00001. The ongoing advancement of dietary research has significant importance in the exploration of strategies to optimize the impact of nutrition on performance during resistance training.2. This study provides a prompt for future research to explore the effectiveness of incorporating an additional dietary strategy that may enhance resistance training performance.\u0000 \u0000Abstract:\u0000The problem of dieting down to a certain body weight or body fat can impair muscle protein synthesis, resulting in muscle loss and poor performance in physical training, particularly resistance training. This study aimed to determine the short-term effect of extra carbohydrate, specifically in the form of maltodextrin, during a diet break on the resistance training performance of rats. This study was an experimental laboratory study with a randomized posttest-only control group design. Twenty-seven male rats, aged 3 months with a weight range of 140–165 g, were randomly and equally assigned into three groups: KN (standard diet), KP (75% calorie intake), and K1 (65% calorie intake with a diet break and extra maltodextrin every week). These diets were administered for four weeks, during which the rats had ad libitum feeding. Additionally, the rats underwent ladder-climbing training three times a week. The bodyweight was measured pre- and post-treatment, while the performance in resistance training was evaluated post-intervention using a ladder climbing platform. There was no significant difference in the weight before and after treatment, with p>0.05 for the increments (∆) among KN (14.00±9.89 g), KP (13±9.5 g), and K1 (20.89±14.77 g). During the posttest assessment, only 17 out of 27 rats succeeded in the maximum weightlifting test. This study showed that a short-term high-carbohydrate diet break does not improve the resistance training performance of rats. Further research is necessary to ascertain the outcomes of the treatment implemented over an extended period of time.","PeriodicalId":32666,"journal":{"name":"Folia Medica Indonesiana","volume":"137 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thrombocytopenia as a Clinical Biomarker of Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Systematic Review","authors":"I. K. Sutyawan, N. M. A. Surasmiati, Putu Anindya Agrasidi, Priscilla Dwianggita, S. Anggara","doi":"10.20473/fmi.v59i4.42970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i4.42970","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights:\u0000\u0000This is the first systematic review investigating thrombocytopenia and its association with retinopathy of prematurity\u0000The findings suggest that thrombocytopenia could serve as a potential clinical biomarker for screening ROP, considering its quick, affordable, and widespread availability for examination purposes.\u0000\u0000 \u0000Abstract\u0000Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of childhood blindness and occurs due to the underdevelopment of retinal blood vessels in premature infants. Platelets are essential in the regulation of angiogenesis. Hence, thrombocytopenia might aid in the progression of ROP. This systematic review aims to look into the relationship between thrombocytopenia and retinopathy of prematurity. The PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were accessed to include retrospective case-control and cross-sectional studies, following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). In our review, 9 records were analyzed. All research was done in the period between 2017 and 2022 . Seven studies have reported the prevalence of thrombocytopenia in infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), ranging from 18.37% to 71%. In preterm children without ROP, the occurrence of thrombocytopenia is between 5.71% and 21%. Seven studies have significantly identified thrombocytopenia as a risk factor for ROP, with the Odd Ratio (OR) for thrombocytopenia ranging from 2.8 to 6.69 . Therefore, thrombocytopenia in premature infants could be thought of as a potential clinical biomarker for Type-1 ROP screening. Additionally, this discovery implied that thrombocytopenia can contribute to the pathophysiology of ROP. The crucial platelet count threshold in ROP requires additional investigations.","PeriodicalId":32666,"journal":{"name":"Folia Medica Indonesiana","volume":"455 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138983045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity Levels and Total Food Intake among Preclinical Students at a School of Medicine and Health Sciences","authors":"Lydia Esterlita Halim, Francisca Tjhay, Nawanto Agung Prastowo, Vetinly, Nelly Tina Widjaja","doi":"10.20473/fmi.v59i3.47290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i3.47290","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights: 1. This is the first cross-sectional study in Indonesia that was conducted specifically to find a correlation between physical activity levels and food intake.2. As lower physical activity was found to be associated with higher food intake, this study suggests that physical activity might be taken into consideration to manipulate one’s food consumption   Abstract One of the most crucial things a person can do to enhance the well-being of their body is to engage in regular physical activity. However, currently, there are still many people who have low physical activity levels. It is stated that habitual physical activity can affect the sensitivity of food intake regulation. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the total food intake and physical activity of preclinical students. This study was conducted using the cross-sectional method among preclinical students (n=238) in the classes of 2017, 2018, and 2019 at the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. Subjects with appetite-manipulating supplements, a diet program, a history of metabolic disease, a history of eating disorders, stress, or trauma were excluded from this study. The physical activity level was evaluated using the Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire (BPAQ), while the total food intake was evaluated using the three-day food record method. The statistical test applied in this study was the Spearman test, with a significance of p<0.05. There were 22.3% of respondents with a low physical activity level, and there were 9.7% of respondents with a total food intake higher than recommended. The statistical analysis showed a significant negative correlation between physical activity levels and total food intake (p=0.008). In conclusion, there is an association between students’ physical activity levels and their total food intake.","PeriodicalId":32666,"journal":{"name":"Folia Medica Indonesiana","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors that cause Work Fatigue among Shipyard Workers","authors":"Siti Rokhati, Noeroel Widajati, Endang Dwiyanti, Saliza Mohd Elias, Andi Aziz Efendi, Adinda Novia Ardhani","doi":"10.20473/fmi.v59i3.40407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i3.40407","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights: 1. The focus of this study was on the underlying factors of fatigue among shipyard workers, an area that necessitatesfurther research to attain ideal standards in occupational health and safety.2. This study can provide companies with material to use when counseling workers on the importance of a healthynutritional intake in preventing fatigue.   Abstract Work fatigue remains a prevalent issue among workers in shipyards, leading to detrimental effects on physical well-being, including a decline in body resistance and productivity. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between age, nutritional status, working period, physical workload, noise, and lighting with fatigue levels among hull construction workers. This observational study used a cross-sectional approach with a total population of 112 individuals working in the production line of the Warship Division of a shipbuilding company. The sample size in this study was determined using stratified random sampling, resulting in an assembly of 53 samples. Proportionate stratified random sampling was then employed to determine the sample size for each subgroup of the population. The research data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test (p<0.005). This study found a significant relationship between work fatigue and nutritional status (p=0.000), with a moderately positive relationship (r=0.511). Additionally, there was a significant relationship between work fatigue and physical workload (p=0.000), with a moderately positive relationship (r=0.531). Noise and work fatigue showed a significant relationship (p=0.010), with a weak positive relationship (r=0.353). Lighting and work fatigue showed a significant relationship as well (p=0.000), but with a moderately negative relationship (r=-0.524). On the other hand, work fatigue did not exhibit any significant relationship with age (p=0.129) or working period (p=0.651). This study establishes a relationship between work fatigue and numerous factors, including nutritional status, physical workload, noise, and lighting. However, age and working period are not related to work fatigue. Thus, it is recommended that companies align job requirements with employees' work capacity and conduct regular assessments of noise and lighting conditions to mitigate work-related fatigue.","PeriodicalId":32666,"journal":{"name":"Folia Medica Indonesiana","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy, Safety, and Clinical Outcomes of Splenorenal Shunt Surgery as a Therapeutic Intervention for Portal Hypertension Patients","authors":"Yan Efrata Sembiring, Heroe Soebroto, Ito Puruhito, Dhihintia Jiwangga Suta Winarno, I Gusti Agung Made Adnyanya Putra2, Sri Pramesthi Wisnu Bowo Negoro, Ketut Putu Yasa, Jeffrey Jeswant Dillon","doi":"10.20473/fmi.v59i3.48843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i3.48843","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights: 1. This study systematically reviewed the efficacy, clinical outcomes, and safety of the splenorenal shunt procedure with a comprehensive and meticulous approach.2. The splenorenal shunt procedure is an innovative surgical intervention that offers a viable option for the management of portal hypertension.   Abstract Portal hypertension is the second most common gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis and non-cirrhosis patients. The splenorenal shunt surgery is a potential intervention that may be considered for portal hypertension patients with clinical symptoms such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by the rupture of gastro-esophageal varices. In this study, the researchers aimed to analyze the efficacy, clinical outcomes, and safety of splenorenal shunt surgery in portal hypertension patients. The sources were obtained from electronic search databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, using the keywords \"Efficacy,\" \"Safety,\" and \"Clinical Outcomes.\" in relation to splenorenal shunt surgery in portal hypertension patients. The researchers set specific criteria for inclusion and exclusion to select the articles. This systematic review revealed the efficacy of the splenorenal shunt procedure with favorable outcomes. The success rate of splenorenal shunt surgery in reducing the clinical symptoms of portal hypertension varied between 66% and 100%. The prevailing complications observed in this study were shunt thrombosis, rebleeding, and thrombocytopenia. However, notable improvements could be achieved with general treatment. In terms of short- and long-term clinical outcomes, the splenorenal shunt procedure demonstrated favorable results. It can be concluded that splenorenal shunt surgery provides excellent clinical outcomes and should be considered a viable treatment option for patients with both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.","PeriodicalId":32666,"journal":{"name":"Folia Medica Indonesiana","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in the Emergency Unit of a Tertiary Hospital","authors":"R. Zairinal, Chandrika Najwa, Malufti Yetty, Ramli, D. N. Lastri, Adre Mayza, Pukovisa Prawiroharjo, Ramdinal Aviesena, Zairinal","doi":"10.20473/fmi.v59i3.47748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i3.47748","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights: 1. The main focus of this study was to underscore the importance of exploring the characteristics of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, which have not been extensively investigated, to help establish effective clinical procedures and decisions.2. Three out of every four trauma patients in the emergency unit had mild TBIs, and those who did not survive showed a significant trend of rapid deterioration.3. It is crucial to consistently conduct a thorough and comprehensive head-to-toe examination for all trauma patients.   Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prevalent neurological condition in emergency units. TBI cases are frequently diagnosed with severe conditions. Underdiagnosis is common in mild TBI cases. As a result, physicians have an uncomprehensive understanding of the patients' characteristics in their daily practice. This study aimed to discuss the characteristics of trauma patients who were diagnosed with TBIs in an emergency unit. We conducted a retrospective cohort observational study to examine the adult population of TBI patients from April 2022 to March 2023. This study collected several data points, including demographics, clinical characteristics, surgical procedures, and disposition distribution. All variables were compiled and summarized using descriptive statistics and analyzed by calculating frequencies and percentages. During the period of this study, 483 trauma patients were admitted to the emergency unit. A total of 361 (74.7%) of these cases were identified as TBIs. Most of the traumatic brain injuries occurred in men (75.6%), with the predominant age range being 18–22 years (22.4%). Mild TBI cases (74.5%) were the most prevalent, followed by moderate (20.2%) and severe (5.3%) TBI cases. The average score from the Glasgow Coma Scale assessment was 15. Most patients (80.9%) had no hypotension, while a greater number of patients (98.1%) did not exhibit hypoxia as a comorbidity. The Injury Severity Score revealed that the highest percentage of TBIs was categorized as minor (62.3%). It was found that 53.5% of the patients were discharged, while 36% of the patients were hospitalized. However, 7 patients (1.9%) passed in the emergency unit, and 30 patients (8.3%) opted to be discharged against medical advice. Only 21 patients (5.8%) received neurosurgical management. As the most prevalent trauma, TBI necessitates careful management to handle the implications of clinical decision-making. It is crucial to investigate the underlying risk of mortality in TBI cases because the majority of patients do not require neurosurgical intervention.","PeriodicalId":32666,"journal":{"name":"Folia Medica Indonesiana","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic-Producing Streptomyces sp. Isolated from the Soil of a Mangrove Ecosystem","authors":"Wiwin Retnowati, Ni Made Mertaniasih, Marijam Purwanta, Nurul Wiqoyah, Atika, Sekar Maharani, Wilda Mahdani","doi":"10.20473/fmi.v59i3.45806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i3.45806","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights: 1. The unexplored soil of mangrove ecosystems in Surabaya, Indonesia, has the potential to be home to biodiversity,including Streptomyces sp. that can produce antibiotics.2. Streptomyces sp. has antibacterial properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and the duration ofincubation plays a critical role in regulating the antibacterial activity.   Abstract A mangrove ecosystem in Surabaya, Indonesia, has a high salinity, pH, potassium, phosphorus, and nitrate contents. This ecosystem comprises a mixture of sand, dust, mud, and clay, which has the potential to be a conducive environment for the isolation of Streptomyces. The importance of Streptomyces in biotechnology lies in its ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites, which represent a valuable reservoir of antibiotics. This research aimed to assess the antibiotic activity exhibited by Streptomyces sp. isolated from the soil of a mangrove ecosystem in Wonorejo, Surabaya, Indonesia. The analysis focused on the potential of Streptomyces sp. to produce antibiotics that work against Gram-positive bacteria (i.e., Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus subtilis) as well as Gram-negative bacteria (i.e., Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Salmonella Typhimurium). The antibacterial activity test was conducted using the modified agar diffusion method. Observations were performed to identify any clear zone formation around the Streptomyces sp. agar colonies with a diameter of 0.8 cm and a height of 3 mm. The clear zone diameter was measured every 24 hours during the 10-day incubation period to assess the diversity of antibacterial activity. The antibacterial profile of Streptomyces sp. exhibited varying levels of activity against different bacterial strains in the tests conducted. The inhibition zone diameters demonstrated the highest levels of activity in Bacillus subtilis (15.9 mm) on day 7, Staphylococcus aureus (27.6 mm) on day 2, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24.3 mm) on day 7, Escherichia coli (29.2 mm) on day 5, and Salmonella Typhimurium (27.5 mm) on day 7. The results indicated that Streptomyces sp. had inhibitory effects against Gram-positive bacteria as well as Gram-negative bacteria. In conclusion, Streptomyces sp. is a source of biodiversity found in the soil of mangrove ecosystems and has the ability to produce antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":32666,"journal":{"name":"Folia Medica Indonesiana","volume":"155 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal Activity of Selaginella plana (Desv. ex Poir.) Hieron Extract Against Candida albicans In Vitro","authors":"Juen Carla Warella, Khairunnida Rahma, Agung Dwi Wahyu Widodo, Rebekah Juniati Setiabudi","doi":"10.20473/fmi.v59i3.44165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i3.44165","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights: 1. A study on the medical benefits of Selaginella plana has significant academic value due to its extensive traditional usage among the Moluccan people as a medicinal remedy, especially for its antifungal properties.2. The findings of this study will allow further screening to determine the mechanism of action of bioactive compounds in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans   Abstract Candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by Candida albicans. This infection commonly affects the skin, oral mucosa, vagina, and gastrointestinal tract. Excessive use of azole antifungals in the treatment of Candida albicans infections can lead to the development of resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to explore alternative treatments using medicinal plants such as Selaginella plana, commonly referred to as “rutu-rutu” in a local language spoken across Maluku, Indonesia. Selaginella plana contains active compounds belonging to various chemical classes, including terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, and saponins. This study aimed to determine the ability of Selaginella plana extract as an antifungal agent against Candida albicans by evaluating its inhibitory and antifungal effects. This study used an actual experimental design and broth dilution method. The research methodology involved the extraction of Selaginella plana using a solvent of 96% ethanol. The extract was then prepared in various concentrations, i.e., 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125%. Additionally, ketoconazole and distilled water were included in the experiment for the positive and negative controls, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that Selaginella plana extract inhibited the growth of Candida albicans when administered starting at a concentration of 12.5%. However, the antifungal potential of Selaginella plana extract that induced cell death was only observed at a concentration of 100%. The fungicidal activity was exclusively identified in the undiluted, pure extract. The inhibitory and cytotoxic effects of Selaginella plana on Candida albicans cells were attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds in Selaginella plana, including flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins. These bioactive compounds had the ability to inhibit cell growth by altering membrane permeability, causing mitochondrial dysfunction, and disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis. It can be concluded that Selaginella plana extract can act as a fungistatic agent against the proliferation of Candida albicans.","PeriodicalId":32666,"journal":{"name":"Folia Medica Indonesiana","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}