IF 7.5 1区工程技术

Fuel Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.136966

Mahmudul Firoz, Md. Rezwanul Karim, Arafat A. Bhuiyan

{"title":"CFD modeling of varying load-influenced NOx, SOx emissions and combustion kinetics in a sub-critical coal-fired furnace","authors":"Mahmudul Firoz, Md. Rezwanul Karim, Arafat A. Bhuiyan","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.136966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.136966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates emissions and combustion behavior of the 125 MWe Barapukuria Thermal Power Plant (BTPP) by burning Bituminous coal (C<sub>137</sub>H<sub>97</sub>O<sub>9</sub>NS). A 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is developed considering NO<sub>x</sub> scheme through Extended Zeldovich mechanism and SO<sub>x</sub> emission under various loads (50 % to 100 % fuel load). The study uses DDM-Discrete Droplet Method, DTRM-Discrete Transfer Radiation Model, and a standard k–ε turbulence model to study flow dynamics, particle dispersion, heat rate and burnout rate. It is studied that the highest temperatures in the burner throat range from 1850 K to 2200 K with emission profiles of thermal, prompt, and fuel NO<sub>x</sub> at different load levels. The total amount of NO<sub>x</sub> goes from 381 ppm at full load to 974 ppm at 50 % load at final exit. The amount of SO<sub>2</sub> mole fractions goes down 0.000387 to 0.000206 for reduced sulfur input and lower combustion temperatures, residence time (τ) which limit the oxidation of sulfur compounds. The lower load conditions have the highest levels of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O because the gases stay longer residence time (τ) and remain unburn partially. The study shows the reaction kinetics of faster devolatilization and longer residence char burnout rates. As load rises the volatilization rate ranges from 0.0001 to 0.00042 mol.m<sup>−3</sup>.s<sup>−1</sup> and the intense char burnout intensifies from 0.00025 to 0.00065 mol.m<sup>−3</sup>.s<sup>−1</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 136966"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

4E-based performance evaluation of a solar-assisted SOFC–CCHP system integrating zero-energy CO2 enrichment and cascade waste heat recovery 基于零能耗CO2富集和级联余热回收的太阳能辅助SOFC-CCHP系统性能评价

IF 7.5 1区工程技术

Fuel Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137093

Yunxiu Ren , Ming Yang , Nan Zheng , Qiang Zhang , Zherui Ma , Wenjiang Zou , Shaolong Wang , Xingqi Ding , Qiushi Wang , Yimin Li , Liqiang Duan

{"title":"4E-based performance evaluation of a solar-assisted SOFC–CCHP system integrating zero-energy CO2 enrichment and cascade waste heat recovery","authors":"Yunxiu Ren , Ming Yang , Nan Zheng , Qiang Zhang , Zherui Ma , Wenjiang Zou , Shaolong Wang , Xingqi Ding , Qiushi Wang , Yimin Li , Liqiang Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenges of suboptimal solar energy utilization, energy-intensive CO<sub>2</sub> capture, and inefficient waste heat recovery, this study proposes a novel solar-assisted solid oxide fuel cell combined cooling, heating, and power system. The proposed architecture integrates: (1) a partially covered parabolic trough photovoltaic/thermal collector to preheat steam reforming water, reducing heat-exchanger exergy losses; (2) a water–gas shift membrane reactor simultaneously controls fuel gas composition and enriches CO<sub>2</sub> without additional energy input, achieving a 79.68 % emission reduction compared with conventional systems; and (3) a cascaded waste heat recovery process coupling a supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Brayton cycle, an absorption chiller/heat pump, and heat exchangers to produce power, heating/cooling, and hot water. Comprehensive performance is assessed employing 4E (energy, exergy, environmental, economic) method. Under design conditions, the system attains cooling and heating energy efficiencies of 87.5 % and 95.7 %, respectively (boundaries include all thermal and electrical outputs), exergy efficiencies of 57.4 % and 58.5 %, a sustainability index of 1.68, a levelized cost of electricity of 0.0467 $/kWh, and a payback period of 4.82 years. Parametric analyses show that increasing SOFC operating temperature from 850 °C to 1100 °C and solar irradiance significantly enhances CO<sub>2</sub> mitigation and system efficiency. These results demonstrate that synergistic integration of renewable heat harvesting, in‐situ CO<sub>2</sub> capture, and cascading waste heat utilization can provide a high‐performance, low‐carbon solution for decentralized energy supply.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 137093"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-performance sulfonated poly(arylene ether) as a catalyst binder for enhanced efficiency in proton exchange membrane fuel cells 高性能磺化聚芳醚作为质子交换膜燃料电池的催化剂粘合剂

IF 7.5 1区工程技术

Fuel Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137091

Abid Hussain, Yu-Shien Lu, Jhih-Guan Hong, Mei-Ying Chang, Wen-Yao Huang

{"title":"High-performance sulfonated poly(arylene ether) as a catalyst binder for enhanced efficiency in proton exchange membrane fuel cells","authors":"Abid Hussain, Yu-Shien Lu, Jhih-Guan Hong, Mei-Ying Chang, Wen-Yao Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design of high-performance catalyst binders remains a critical challenge in advancing renewable energy technologies including fuel cells and electrolyzers. Herein, we report the design and composition optimization of a novel catalyst binder, designated as SP4 (sulfonated poly(arylene ether)), tailored for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Our results reveal that among all the evaluated compositions, the SP4 20 (comprising 20 wt% SP4 ionomer in a 20 wt% methanol–water system) exhibits the highest power output, representing 15 % and 147 % improvement over SP4 30 and SP4 40 formulations, respectively. Microstructural analysis of SP4 20 reveals a highly uniform catalyst dispersion and an interconnected porous architecture within the catalyst layer (CL), which allows efficient reactant diffusion and maximizes electrochemically active surface area (54.01 m<sup>2</sup>/g). When paired with the SP4 membrane, the integrated membrane electrode assembly (MEA) achieves a peak power density of 956 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>, outperforming Nafion-based MEA (931 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) and highlighting the benefits of membrane-electrode compatibility. Comparative analysis with contemporary binder systems reported in the literature indicates that SP4 delivers superior performance, which establishes it as one of the most promising ionomer binders developed to date. These findings designate SP4 as a high-performance and structurally optimized ionomer binder with considerable potential for next-generation PEMFC systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 137091"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Construction and application of surface-active monomers in emulsion polymerization for the synthesis of block polycarboxylate dispersants 表面活性单体的构建及其在乳液聚合合成嵌段聚羧酸酯分散剂中的应用

IF 7.5 1区工程技术

Fuel Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137090

Ruizhi Meng , Junfeng Zhu , Jing Yang , Wanbin Zhang , Ning Chen , Junguo Li , Guanghua Zhang

{"title":"Construction and application of surface-active monomers in emulsion polymerization for the synthesis of block polycarboxylate dispersants","authors":"Ruizhi Meng , Junfeng Zhu , Jing Yang , Wanbin Zhang , Ning Chen , Junguo Li , Guanghua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, a reactive polymer macromolecule was synthesized by catalytic chain transfer polymerization (CCTP) using poly (ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate and methacrylic acid, which has a reactive double bond that continues to participate in free radical polymerization reactions. Afterward, the macromolecule was used as a surface-active monomer and emulsion polymerized with benzyl methacrylate to successfully synthesize a block-type polycarboxylic acid molecule, which was used as a dispersant in the coal water slurry. The hydrophobic components of the dispersant, consisting of its main chain and benzene ring, demonstrate adsorption affinity toward coal surfaces, while its hydrophilic group such as carboxylic acid moiety and polyether branched chains − effectively enhance surface wettability through hydration interactions. The structures of the polymers were characterized by IR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR; the molecular weights and conversion rates of the products were discussed by GPC to explore the optimal synthesis conditions; and the slurry formation properties of dispersants with different monomer ratios were also discussed to optimize the synthesis ratio of dispersants; In addition, the adsorption behavior of the dispersant was also investigated by TOC and XPS, which proved that the introduction of benzene ring improved the adsorption capacity of the dispersant on the coal surface to a certain extent, and also proved that the addition of the dispersant effectively improved the content of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic groups on the surface of the coal, and improved the hydrophilicity of the coal. SEM tests also showed very visually how well the dispersant dispersed the coal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 137090"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristic drivers of biochar and nanomaterials in anaerobic digestion across all stages for augmented methane-rich biogas production 生物炭和纳米材料在厌氧消化中所有阶段的特征驱动因素，以增强富甲烷沼气的生产

IF 7.5 1区工程技术

Fuel Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137023

Mohit Singh Rana, Rajesh Nandi, Ji-Qin Ni

{"title":"Characteristic drivers of biochar and nanomaterials in anaerobic digestion across all stages for augmented methane-rich biogas production","authors":"Mohit Singh Rana, Rajesh Nandi, Ji-Qin Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a widely adopted technology for biogas production using organic waste across rural, industrial, and municipal sectors. To meet the rising renewable energy demand, the process efficiency of AD must be stratagically enhanced. Recalcitrant feedstock, accumulation of toxicants, such as ammonia, organic acids, and diminished methanogenic activity compromise digester performance. Biochar and nanomaterials have received wide attention as additives to boost biogas production. However, insights into their point of action and the underlying mechanism at each AD stage remain largely shattered. In this review, the characteristic drivers and controlling factors through which biochar and nanomaterials influence AD are delineated. A comprehensive discussion of interlinks between the physicochemical properties of each of the additives and the undergoing reactions in AD at various stages is provided. This review suggests that biochar with high alkalinity, minerals, electron donating capacity, oxygen-containing functional groups, and porosity are superior in enhancing biogas production and methane content. Chemical properties over physical properties are decisive factors in biochar application. Metal impregnation and chemical modifications assist in tuning biochar properties for enhanced AD performance. Further, nanoparticles can work as an electron conduit to boost methanogen activity. Additionally, these nanoparticles, especially iron, nickel, and cobalt can act as a source of micronutrients to enhance microbial growth and support as a cofactor in enzymatic activities. To some extent, nickel nanoparticles can accelerate disintegration of the intermediate compounds and thus improve the hydrolysis rate. This review presents valuable data and insights for designing effective biochar and nanomaterials to ensure maximum conversion of feedstock into methane-rich biogas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 137023"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of particle size effects on high temperature thermal modification characteristics of granular coal 粒径对颗粒煤高温热改性特性影响的实验研究

IF 7.5 1区工程技术

Fuel Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137000

Jinyang Zhang , Guoliang Song , Haiyang Wang , Ruize Tan , Weijian Song , Yi Han

{"title":"Experimental investigation of particle size effects on high temperature thermal modification characteristics of granular coal","authors":"Jinyang Zhang , Guoliang Song , Haiyang Wang , Ruize Tan , Weijian Song , Yi Han","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically examined the modification characteristics of coal particles across four size fractions (0–0.355 mm, 0–1 mm, 0–2 mm, and 0–4 mm) in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) preheating combustion system operating at 850-950℃. Results revealed that volatile release, pore evolution, and emission profiles exhibit strong particle-size dependence. Notably, 0–4 mm particles achieved peak combustion efficiency (96.77 %) and gas calorific value (2.86 MJ/Nm<sup>3</sup>) at 850-900℃, benefiting from progressive fragmentation that extended residence time while suppressing thermal NO<em><sub>x</sub></em> formation. By contrast, 0–2 mm particles developed optimized pore structures (42 % surface area increase) and enhanced reactivity at 900℃, though with elevated NO<em><sub>x</sub></em> emissions (231 mg/m<sup>3</sup>) due to intensified fuel-nitrogen oxidation. At 950℃, thermal treatment induced structural homogenization, narrowing combustion efficiency variations to < 2.3 % but exacerbating NO<em><sub>x</sub></em> generation in 0–4 mm particles. Advanced characterization identified key mechanistic relationships: 0–0.355 mm particles suffered pore degradation under thermal stress, whereas Raman spectroscopy revealed increased carbon defect concentrations in fragmented 0–4 mm particles, correlating with reactivity enhancement. Critical trade-offs were observed between combustion performance and emissions, with 0–4 mm particles enabling staged NOx control but requiring residence time optimization, while smaller particles favored rapid kinetics but demanded fuel-nitrogen conversion mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 137000"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy efficiency and thermochemistry of sulfur-containing coal gangue, a coal-based solid waste 含硫煤矸石（一种煤基固体废弃物）的能源效率和热化学研究

IF 7.5 1区工程技术

Fuel Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137063

Hui-yong Niu , Chen-hong Zhou , Hai-yan Wang , Gong-da Wang , Jiu-ling Zhang , Yan-xiao Yang , Xiaodong Yu

{"title":"Energy efficiency and thermochemistry of sulfur-containing coal gangue, a coal-based solid waste","authors":"Hui-yong Niu , Chen-hong Zhou , Hai-yan Wang , Gong-da Wang , Jiu-ling Zhang , Yan-xiao Yang , Xiaodong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under typical conditions, sulfur-containing CG demonstrates a greater propensity for spontaneous combustion compared to standard CG. The influence of sulfur components on the oxidation and spontaneous combustion processes is still ambiguous, significantly affecting the management of spontaneous combustion in CG and environmental conservation. This study uses TG-DSC-MS technologies to categorize the oxidation and pyrolysis processes of CG into four distinct stages and examine the emission patterns of indicator gases. Employing in situ diffuse reflectance The dynamic evolution of functional groups during the oxidation and pyrolysis processes of CG is examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (in-situ DRIFTS). The activation energy of the reaction was determined utilizing the FWO, KAS, and Achar methods, elucidating the reaction pathways and thermodynamic properties of the breakdown of aliphatic hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing functional groups by sulfur-containing compounds such as pyrite. The findings demonstrate that CG possesses characteristics akin to those of low-rank coal. The breakdown of oxygen-containing functional groups, such as hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, is closely linked to the release of gases like CO<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub>, explaining how self-ignition warning gases are produced. Thermal degradation of sulphur-containing CG releases many hazardous gases. Studying sulphur migration patterns and gas release during the thermal decomposition stage provides a theoretical basis for environmental protection and sulphur gas emission reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 137063"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Construction of CeO2/Bi2O3 heterojunction photocatalyst for the efficient degradation of organic dyes 高效降解有机染料的CeO2/Bi2O3异质结光催化剂的构建

IF 7.5 1区工程技术

Fuel Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137085

Shen Hu , Qingyao Wang , Xu Gao , Shuaiqi Ren , Xiaoru Li , Ran Geng , Mengxiang Lei , Chunyan Zhang , Fan Fei , Kesheng Wang

{"title":"Construction of CeO2/Bi2O3 heterojunction photocatalyst for the efficient degradation of organic dyes","authors":"Shen Hu , Qingyao Wang , Xu Gao , Shuaiqi Ren , Xiaoru Li , Ran Geng , Mengxiang Lei , Chunyan Zhang , Fan Fei , Kesheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The technological limitations associated with both the substantial treatment costs of the traditional Fenton method and the prolonged degradation cycles of biological methods were addressed. Novel CeO<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> heterojunction photocatalysts were developed, and the photocatalytic mechanism by which the Type-II heterojunctions suppress electron-hole recombination through interfacial charge transfer was elucidated. The CeO<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> microspheres (particle size: 200–300 nm), synthesized via high-temperature pyrolysis, exhibited a specific surface area of 23.98 m<sup>2</sup>/g and an average pore size of 16.47 nm. The degradation efficiencies for tetracycline (TC) and methylene blue (MB) reached 79.93 % and 89.81 %, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of pure CeO<sub>2</sub> and Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The enhanced photocatalytic performance originates from the Type-II heterojunction energy band alignment and interfacial charge separation, which synergistically suppress electron-hole recombination. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and radical trapping experiments elucidated the photocatalytic degradation mechanism of MB dyes. Biotoxicity tests showed significantly reduced toxicity of degradation products, and the mineralization process yielded environmentally benign mineralized products. Furthermore, the CeO<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> heterojunction exhibited remarkable photoelectric activity, achieving a photocurrent density of 253 μA/cm<sup>2</sup> and an open-circuit photovoltage of −0.04 V. These enhancements were attributed to its strong visible-light absorption and low interfacial charge-transfer resistance. This study provides a promising approach for efficient and low-cost treatment of organic pollutants, offering new insights into the design of heterojunction photocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 137085"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tunable electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction employing surface acoustic waves 利用表面声波的可调谐电化学析氢反应

IF 7.5 1区工程技术

Fuel Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137076

Michael J. Saule , Sixuan Wang , Rudolf Herrmann , Elmar Mitterreiter , Achim Wixforth , Ursula Wurstbauer , Christoph Westerhausen

{"title":"Tunable electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction employing surface acoustic waves","authors":"Michael J. Saule , Sixuan Wang , Rudolf Herrmann , Elmar Mitterreiter , Achim Wixforth , Ursula Wurstbauer , Christoph Westerhausen","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrolysis of water is an attractive hydrogen generation method. As the most efficient catalyst for this reaction is platinum (Pt), what makes this approach expensive, many studies focus on enhancing the hydrogen producing efficiency of other inexpensive catalysts. In this study, an Au electrode and Au supported Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> electrode without UV illumination were chosen as the catalyst for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic solution, and a Rayleigh-type surface acoustic wave (SAW) was used to promote the HER. Our results demonstrate that under the influence of SAW, both electrodes exhibit better HER activity with a higher current in the polarization curves from cyclic voltammetry. Analyzing the Tafel slope and the exchange current density with and without the effect of SAW suggests the enhancement of the HER activity especially at low overpotentials up to 100 mV. The effect strength increases with increasing power of the radio frequency (RF) signal. Various control experiments indicate that this is mainly induced by a microstreaming effect caused by the mechanical vibration of the SAW, while an off-resonance RF signal with a comparable electric field only reaches about 16.5 % of the increase of the current density at medium overpotentials. Thus, SAW-induced acoustic streaming is shown as tunable method to boost hydrogen production especially in the low and medium range of overpotential with promising potential for broader application in electrocatalysis and photocatalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 137076"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environment-dependent dual role of ammonia on the radiative characteristics of single-pellet biomass co-firing 氨对单颗粒生物质共烧辐射特性的环境依赖双重作用

IF 7.5 1区工程技术

Fuel Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137080

Sun Cen, Liu Huixin, Yu Xuewu, Wang Chunbo

{"title":"Environment-dependent dual role of ammonia on the radiative characteristics of single-pellet biomass co-firing","authors":"Sun Cen, Liu Huixin, Yu Xuewu, Wang Chunbo","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.137080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-firing ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) with biomass is a promising decarbonization strategy, yet its influence on crucial radiative heat transfer characteristics remains poorly understood. To address this, the dynamic effects of NH<sub>3</sub> addition on the flame characteristics of single rice husk pellets were investigated using an in-situ coupled spectroscopy-imaging diagnostic technique under various temperatures and oxygen concentrations. Results showed that NH<sub>3</sub> addition shortened the ignition delay time but significantly suppressed the flame temperature, size, and radiation intensity during the main combustion stage. A novel, environment-dependent “dual role” of NH<sub>3</sub> on radiative properties was discovered: at a lower temperature (700 ℃), NH<sub>3</sub> enhanced both spectral radiation intensity and exergy, whereas at higher temperatures (800 − 900 ℃), it exerted a significant inhibitory effect. Furthermore, increasing NH<sub>3</sub> concentration monotonically suppressed the characteristic atomic emission of alkali metals (K*, Na*), while the chemiluminescence of NH<sub>2</sub>* radicals was selectively observed only under high-temperature, oxygen-lean conditions (900 ℃, 10 vol-% O<sub>2</sub>). These findings reveal the complex, coupled influence of NH<sub>3</sub> on biomass combustion and provide a critical theoretical basis for the optimization of NH<sub>3</sub>/biomass co-firing technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"406 ","pages":"Article 137080"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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