ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Concentration of Growth Factors in Lambs from Birth to 180 Days of Age","authors":"Francisco Reyes Molina, A. M. Trejo, M. C. Ramírez","doi":"10.20431/2455-2518.0701004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2455-2518.0701004","url":null,"abstract":"The SC of GH and IGF-1 in lambs from birth to 180 days of age and its relationship with age and body weight was evaluated. Blood samples were collected from five male lambs at each of the following ages: 1, 60, 120 and 180 days. The SC of GH and IGF-1 was analyzed by ELISA. Regression and correlation analyses between the concentration of growth factors and age and weight of animals were performed. The body weight of lambs at birth was not different but as expected it increased with age (P<0.05). The SC of GH and IGF-1 changed with the age of the lambs. The highest SC of GH was observed between d-60 and d-120 of age of the lambs, but it decreased at a level similar to that at birth. The highest concentration of IGF-1 was observed during the first 60 days of age followed by a gradual decrease as the lambs aged. The lowest serum IGF-1 was observed at 180 days of age. There was a negative relationship between IGF-1 and body weight at birth; the relationship between IGF-1 and age was also negative. These results show a close relationship between IGF1 and the age and body weight of lambs.","PeriodicalId":325280,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122054134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Live Weight and Linear Skeletal Growth from Birth to 14 Months of Age in Holstein Friesian Female Calves","authors":"Joseph Alape Ariza, Andrea Pinzon Reyes, Arbey Hernan Medina Rocha, Rodrigo Cabrera Perez, Clara Isabel Bermudez Santana","doi":"10.20431/2455-2518.0801004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2455-2518.0801004","url":null,"abstract":": This study describes the live weight, wither height and linear skeletal growth from birth to 14 months of age. Dam parity was recorded for each calf as primiparous (group 1: n=18 for multiparous; group 2: n=20).The linear skeletal growth comprised thoracic height, radius height, metacarpal length and toe height (including metacarpophalangeal joint). The live weight and wither height increased with age. Proportions of thoracic height, radius height, metacarpal length and toe height in relation to wither height were calculated. At 80 kg live weight, radius height made up the largest proportional of the wither height of all female calves. After 160 kg live weight thoracic height made up the largest proportion of overall height. As heifer live weight increased the contribution of the distal forelimb to increases in height decreased, and the contribution of the proximal forelimb to increases in height increased, but at a slowed rate. This raises the possibility that growth restriction due to feed availability after 14 months of age could influences the development of the proximal forelimb. Farmers should ensure if adequate feed supply is provided.","PeriodicalId":325280,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115653326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative Effect of Vanillin against Propiconazole Induced Hepatorenal and Testicular Injury in Male Albino Rats","authors":"M. Elalfy, Sara T. Elazab, M. Hamed, M. G. Elhadidy","doi":"10.20431/2455-2518.0602002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2455-2518.0602002","url":null,"abstract":"Vanillin commonly used in pharmaceutical industry, food and beverage processing, and in cosmetics and perfumes preparation. To better understand the effects of vanillin in reduction of tissue injuries resulted from Fungicides misuses. Fungicides like propiconazole are used extensively in greenhouse nowadays. The hazard effects of mycotoxin occurrence affect all defense and immunocytes of animals and reduced its production. But safety of use of fungicide and develop of new generation of fungicide often take a focus from researchers and authority. Propiconazole treatments at different doses have no effect on body weight. Notably, vanillin treatment reduced toxic effects of propiconazole induced in male rats’ evidence by liver and kidney biomarkers and improvement level of antioxidants level. Also, vanillin restored tissue architecture nearly similar to control group. Taken collectively, vanillin had a protective role against propiconazole induced toxicity. Ameliorative Effect of Vanillin against Propiconazole Induced Hepatorenal and Testicular Injury in Male Albino Rats ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Page | 13 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1. Tested Chemical propiconazole was obtain from institute for pesticide residues analysis in Doky, ministry of agriculture, Egypt. Vanillin was purchase from sigma Cairo, Egypt 2.2. Laboratory Animals 40 Mature males’ albino rats were obtained from Experimental Unit in the Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University; Animals were weighing about 100 ±10 gm and obviously healthy then were grouping and housing in plastic cages with soft wood shavings as a bedding material that change adequately to ensures a low level of ammonia and to keep animals clean and dry. Animals kept for 2 weeks for accommodation and maintained on a balanced ration before the start of the experiment. Also, standard laboratory pelleted diet and water WERE received ad libitium throughout the experiment and Light cycles of 12 hours’ light to 12 hours dark seem to be adequate in order to promote rodents' breeding. 2.3. Experimental Design for Toxicity Propiconazole and the Effects of Vanillin Curing Propiconazole Induced Injuries in Male Albino Rats Forty males were separated into five groups with eight rats per group. The first group was received 0.5 ml distilled water and used as control; the second group was administered 150 mg/kg(6), 1/10 LD50), of propiconazole, the third group was gavaged 75 mg/kg (6), 1/20 LD50, of propiconazole, the fourth group was treated with 1/10 LD50 of propiconazole and was give 150 mg/kg of vanillin intraperitoneally, the fifth group was treated with 1/20 of propiconazole and was give 150 mg/kg of vanillin intraperitoneally. Both fungicide and vanillin were received twice per week for 6 weeks. The protocol was approved by Institutional Research Board of faculty of medicine, Mansoura university, Egypt (R.20.07.924) and study was done with agreement with ethical guidelines and the rest of sacrificed rats w","PeriodicalId":325280,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115426563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine Trypanosomosis: Prevalence, Vector Density and Livestock Farmers’ Perception on the Impact of Trypanosomosis and Tsetse Control Interventions in Arbaminchzuriaworeda, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Firew Lejebo, Esayas Balcha, Esayas Estiphanos, Gelano Gehano","doi":"10.20431/2455-2518.0504002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2455-2518.0504002","url":null,"abstract":"Livestock keeping among various communities in Africa is a source of livelihood, income, nutrition, traction, manure and pride. Any factor that can lead to poor health or death of livestock is detrimental to the livestock production (Seinfeld et al., 2006). Ethiopia has high livestock resource potential with estimated number of 53.4 million heads of cattle, 25.5 million heads of sheep, 22.78 million heads of goats and more than 858 million equines and 2.3 heads of camels (CSA, 2011). However, much of the livestock resources are not fully utilized to maximum due to various constraints. Major problems are attributed to poor genetic pool, Abstract: A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to April, 2016 to determine post control prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and density of tsetse and other biting flies and to assess the livestock farmers’ perception about the impact of integrated tsetse control interventions implemented by Southern Rrift Valley Tsetse Eradication Project (STEP) in three selected kebeles of Arbaminchzuriaworeda, GamoGofa Zone, in South Nation Nationalities and People Regional state (SNNPR). Entomological, parasitological and questionnaire surveys were carried out in the study area covered by STEP. Both primary and secondary data were used. Structured questionnaire was administered by face to face discussion to 216 randomly selected households to assess the perception of livestock keepers towards the impact of trypanosomosis and its vector control interventions. For parasitological survey, blood samples were collected from 360 randomly sampled cattle and screened by Buffy coat technique for detection of trypanosomes. Giemsa stained thin smear technique was applied on the positive samples for trypanosome species identification. A total of 15 baited monopyramidal NGU traps were deployed for 72 hours to catch flies. The present questionnaire survey has revealed that the livestock keepers in the study area had a good knowledge about the suggestive signs of trypanosomosis and means of transmission and also on the impact of the disease on the agricultural and livestock production and on the livelihood and wellbeing of themselves. The majority of the respondents agreed that the tsetse and trypanosomosis control interventions have reduced the tsetse density and the prevalence of trypanosome infection to a low level. In the present study, out of the 360 examined animals, 6 (1.7%) animals were found positive. The trypanosome species detected were T. congolense (83.3%) and T. vivax (16.7%). No significant association was seen between the prevalence of trypanosome infection and the host factors (age, sex, body condition score), kebele of study and altitude (p>0.05). Regarding entomological survey, a total of 121 tsetse flies and 188 other biting flies (tabanus and Stomoxys) were caught. All of the tsetse flies were identified to be Glossinapallidipes. The overall apparent tsetse flies density in study area was 2.7 flies/trap/","PeriodicalId":325280,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123241624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on Parasites of Fish and their Public Health Importance","authors":"W. Tessema","doi":"10.20431/2455-2518.0602004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2455-2518.0602004","url":null,"abstract":"Parasitic diseases of fish are of particular importance in the tropics. Parasites usually exist in equilibrium with their host as a survival strategy. However, in instances where hosts are overcrowded such as in aquaria or in fish farms, parasitic diseases can spread very rapidly causing high mortality. Although, this is usually not the case in the wild natural aquatic environments, it occurs when the environment is disturbed by human activity and interference especially with populations which alter the natural distribution of their parasite communities (Imam and Dewu, 2010).","PeriodicalId":325280,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128789073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Peste Des Petits Ruminant’s Virus Antibody in Assosa Zone, Benishangulgumuz Region, Ethiopia","authors":"S. Yalew, Gebrehiwot Woldemichal, M. Mamo","doi":"10.20431/2455-2518.0503004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2455-2518.0503004","url":null,"abstract":"Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an infectious and highly contagious disease that affects mainly small ruminants (sheep and goats) and wild ruminants (gazelles and antelopes) [1,2,3].The PPR virus (PPRV) belongs to the genus Morbillivirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. It is closely related to the rinderpest virus of bovines and buffaloes, distemper virus of dogs and other wild carnivores, human measles virus and Morbilli viruses of marine mammals [4, 5]. The disease is characterized by sudden depression, fever, mucopurulent ocular and nasal discharges, necrotizing and erosivestomatitis, severe enteritis, and pneumonia leading to death [6]. In epidemic areas, the morbidity rate is estimated from 80% to 90% and mortality rate ranges from 50% to 80% [7].","PeriodicalId":325280,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126973273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Desmodium intortum and Arachis glabrata on The in vitro Digestibility of Panicum maximum Hay","authors":"L. Jules, M. Emile, Mube Kuietché Hervé, M. Hippolyte, Tieubou Leslie, Taboumda Evariste, Mouchili Mama, K. Raphael, Noumbissi Moyo, Kevin Audran, M. Férence, Tendonkeng Fernand, Pamo, Tedonkeng Etienne","doi":"10.20431/2455-2518.0701003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2455-2518.0701003","url":null,"abstract":"Study were carried out at the Teaching Application and Research Farm (FAR) and at the Animal Production and Nutrition Research Unit (LAPRONAN) of the Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FASA) of the University of Dschang with the aim to evaluate effects of Desmodium intortum and Arachis glabratta on the in vitro digestibility of Panicum maximum hay. Panicum maximum, Desmodium intortum and Arachis glabrata leaves were collected from the Dschang University campus. Panicum Maximum hay was obtained within LAPRONAN. After harvesting, the leaves were dried and crushed. A 100 g sample of each of these fodder was taken and dried at 60°C in an oven till constant weight, then crushed and stored in plastic bags for bromatological analyzes and in vitro digestibility. The leaves of the legumes were mixed in the proportions of 30% and 50% with the Panicum maximum hay having the proportions of 50% and 70%. The results of this study showed that the increase in the level of incorporation of these legumes made it possible to significantly increase the CP contents (from 8.88% to 15.19% with the addition of D. intortum and 8.88% to 11.63% with addition of A. glabrata) and DM (from 92.51% to 94.33% with addition of D. intortum and from 92.51% to 93.85 with addition of A. glabrata). The in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVDOM) and the in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) of P. maximum hay, were significantly (p<0.05) higher when it was mixed at 30% and 50% A. glabrata than when mixed with D. intortum. This study shows that apart from the partitioning factor and volatile fatty acids (VFAs), all parameters of the in vitro digestibility of Panicum maximum hay were significantly (p<0.05) improved with the inclusion 30% and 50% of the leaves of A. glabrata and D. intortum.","PeriodicalId":325280,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129567216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trials for Improvement of the Immune Response of Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccine Using Oil/Gel Mixture as an Adjuvant","authors":"Wael Mosad, E. Elsayed, A. I. Hassanin, A. A. Mohamed, W. Shabana","doi":"10.20431/2455-2518.0502003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2455-2518.0502003","url":null,"abstract":"Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute infectious disease that infects cloven-hoofed mammals, such as pigs, cattle, cattle and goats Dara, et al., (2013). The causative agent is a single stranded positivesense RNA virus that belongs to the genus Aphthovirus in the family Picornaviridae. The virus has seven serological types, identified as; O, A, C, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3 and Asia1 Dara, et al., (2013).","PeriodicalId":325280,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130642078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viruses of Economic Importance in Backyard Poultry in Guyana, South America","authors":"Dan Hartley, E. Charles, Zenzie Goring, C. Oura","doi":"10.20431/2455-2518.0704005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2455-2518.0704005","url":null,"abstract":"Poultry continues to be an economically important industry in Guyana. Despite efforts to curb outbreaks of viral infections on poultry farms in Guyana, viral diseases are thought to cause significant production losses and mortality. Currently, there is little information about the viruses circulating on poultry farms in Guyana. This study sets out to identify which viruses of backyard poultry, with worldwide and regional significance, are circulating in Guyana. Active surveillance was carried out to detect the presence/absence of antibodies for selected poultry viruses of potential economic significance in Guyana. Serum samples were collected from unvaccinated backyard poultry and tested using selected Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) detection kits. Results from the 261 samples taken from 55 backyard poultry farms showed that 98% of the birds tested positive for antibodies to chicken anemia virus (CAV), 54% for Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV), 73.5% for Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), 60% for Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) and, 3.3% for Avian Influenza Virus (AIV). However, no samples tested positive for antibodies to Avian Leukosis Virus (ALV). This study aided in understanding viruses circulating naturally and potentially causing disease in backyard poultry in Guyana.","PeriodicalId":325280,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133795336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on Camel Pox: Epidemiology, Public Health and Diagnosis","authors":"Diriba Achalu Bayisa","doi":"10.20431/2455-2518.0504003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2455-2518.0504003","url":null,"abstract":"There are approximately 20 million camels in the world of which 15 million in Africa and 5 million in Asia (GLIPHA, 2006). In 2001 the total camel population was 19 million of which 17 million were dromedaries (Camel dromedaries, one humped) and 2 million were Bactrian camels (Camel bactrianus, two humped camel) (Farah et al, 2004). Ethiopia possesses over one million Camelus dromedaries mainly distributed in the Southern, Eastern and Northeast regions (CSA, 2008).","PeriodicalId":325280,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125828994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}