Matrix Science Medica最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of risk factors and management of ischemic stroke at Ibrahim Malik Teaching Hospital in Khartoum, 2018","authors":"AhmedH Arbab, AyatA Mohammed, TMohammed T. Abdalla","doi":"10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_2_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_2_21","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Ischemic stroke is an acute medical condition with life-threatening complications; therefore, understanding its common risk factors, early management, prevention from recurrent attack, and in our population is necessary. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess common risk factors and management of ischemic stroke at Ibrahim Malik Teaching Hospital (Khartoum, Sudan). Methodology: A retrospective, hospital-based study was conducted at Ibrahim Malik Teaching Hospital Khartoum State. The study included all medical records of patients hospitalized with Ischemic stroke from January 2017 to January 2018. The data were collected using a well-designed data collection form and analyzed with SPSS. Results: Out of 116 participants, ischemic stroke was more frequent in males (59.5%), adults over 65 years (57.8%). Forty-four percent of participants had a history of hypertension. Smoking and family history with ischemic stroke were observed only in 10.3% and 5.2% of participants, respectively. Aspirin (100–300) mg plus atorvastatin 40 mg were the most prescribed regimen of 44.8%. The highest type of drug-drug interaction reported was monitor closely (41.4%) and serious (33.6) type drug-drug interactions. While 74.1% of participants were discharged, the rate of death was significantly higher in females and participants over 65 years' age. Conclusions: Past medical history of hypertension and elderly age were the major risk factors with ischemic stroke. Aspirin plus statin therapy is the most frequently used regimen with nonadherence to the guidelines regarding the use of thrombolytic therapy and anticoagulants. Serious type drug-drug interactions were detected among prescribed medications.","PeriodicalId":32519,"journal":{"name":"Matrix Science Medica","volume":"34 1","pages":"48 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87503088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular loop of anterior inferior cerebellar artery causing disabling tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss - A review","authors":"S. Swain","doi":"10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_21_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_21_21","url":null,"abstract":"The vascular anatomy of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) is highly variable. In respect to the neurovascular relationship in the internal auditory canal (IAC), the AICA is intimately related with vestibulocochlear and facial nerve. Vascular loop of AICA, especially located in the IAC, is rare. This vascular loop of the IAC may result in the compression over the vestibulocochlear nerve. Microvascular compression of the eighth cranial nerve is an important cause for disabling tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss. Disabling tinnitus and vertigo due to intrameatal vascular loop of AICA compression, the vestibulocochlear nerve can be treated with help of drilling the internal acoustic meatus and separate the vascular loop from the vestibulocochlear nerve. The intrameatal AICA and vestibulocochlear nerve conflict produce specific pathological features and their surgical treatment is also invariably challenging. Decompression of the vestibulocochlear nerve by the opening of the IAC and transposition of the AICA is thought to be an effective treatment modality for radiologically confirmed cases with clinical presentations of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss and pulsatile tinnitus. The aim of this review article is to describe the details of vascular anatomy, etiopathology, clinical presentations, diagnosis, neurophysiology, and current treatment of the vascular loop of AICA in IAC which often pose challenge to the clinicians.","PeriodicalId":32519,"journal":{"name":"Matrix Science Medica","volume":"18 1","pages":"29 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82538033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of neurological complications of pregnancy on magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"Sheema Posh, Suhail Rafiq, Beenish Jeelani, Saima Wani","doi":"10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_9_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_9_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Catastrophic neurological decline, although exceedingly rare, takes a huge toll on pregnant population. In view of varied symptomatology and risks to the fetus, diagnosis and management of the neurological disorders in pregnancy is always a challenging task. The evaluation and management should be performed in a stepwise fashion and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Radiological imaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has revolutionized the diagnosis of these disorders, thereby exacerbating maternal and fetal outcome. Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim to characterize some of the significant neurological disorders complicating pregnancy and puerperium and to study the role of imaging, especially MRI, in differentiation and exclusion of various neurologic conditions, which helps an obstetrician to point to a specific diagnosis and management. Materials and Methods: Our study was an observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in collaboration with the Department of Radiodiagnosis of GMC, Srinagar, from June 2018 to January 2020. The images were obtained with MRI and subjected for radiological interpretation. Results: A total of 750 patients were included in the study out of which 25 patients had neurological complications. Out of 25 patients, 13 were in the antenatal period and 12 were in the puerperium. There were 10 (40.0%) cases of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), 6 (24%) cases of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), 3 (12.0%) cases of embolic infarcts, 2 (8.0%) cases of status epilepticus, 2 (8.0%) cases of pituitary apoplexy, 1 (4.0%) case of Wernicke encephalopathy, and 1 (4.0%) case of metastasis to brain (choriocarcinoma). Conclusion: Diagnosis of neurological complications of pregnancy and postpartum plays a crucial role in reducing fetomaternal morbidity and mortality. MRI stands above all imaging modalities in early diagnosis of these neurological complications, simultaneously taking care of fetal safety as well. The most common neurological complications that cause increased maternal mortality are PRES and CVT. Hence, early imaging can help in early and appropriate management of serious pregnancy-related neurological catastrophes.","PeriodicalId":32519,"journal":{"name":"Matrix Science Medica","volume":"47 1","pages":"53 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82097928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social support and quality of life in cancer patients: A study of palliative shelters in West Java","authors":"L. Rahayuwati, Tuti Pahria, Kusman Ibrahim, Ikeu Nurhidayah, H. Agustina","doi":"10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_58_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_58_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The risk of lifestyle and environment will lead to an increase in cancer prevalence. Therefore, it needs managing support for palliative cancer patients. The purpose of the study was to obtain the correlation between social support characteristics and cancer patients' quality of life. Method: This research using a cross-sectional approach was conducted in several palliative shelters. Samples were 93 respondents, obtained using a quota sampling technique. The variables used were social support (family, friends, and others) and the cancer patient's quality of life. Result: The results showed that social support received at a high level was most obtained from the family as many as 65 respondents (69.9%). Furthermore, the social support factor of cancer patients related to the quality of life was friends' support (p-value <0.05), while other factors were considered irrelevant. The collecting data technique was used due to the dynamics of patients seeking treatment at the West Java provincial referral hospital. Conclusion: the friend's support is significant for improving the quality of life of cancer patients. Peer groups are an essential component in managing health care in the community.","PeriodicalId":32519,"journal":{"name":"Matrix Science Medica","volume":"36 1","pages":"40 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74806679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community pharmacists' knowledge and practice toward upper respiratory tract infections in Khartoum State: A cross-sectional survey","authors":"Mohammed Aldomah, Y. Ahmed, Ahmed Ezaldeen, Musaab Aldomah, Rana S. Nasir, Muhammad Abdulraheem, B. Yousef, S. Badi","doi":"10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_55_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_55_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are mainly viral in their etiologies but sometimes are complicated by secondary bacterial infections detected by the persistence of symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate community pharmacist's knowledge and practice regarding URTIs. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using self-administered questionnaire. The study targeted 338 community pharmacists selected randomly from community pharmacies in Khartoum state. The overall knowledge and practice scores were calculated, then the associations between these scores and demographic characteristics were evaluated using Chi-square test and analyzed by statistical package for social sciences. Results: Out of 327 pharmacists, 65.4% of them were females. Whereas pharmacists with B. Pharm. represented 79.1%. Regarding the knowledge, it was found that 59.7% of community pharmacists have sufficient knowledge toward URTIs, while 40.3% of them have insufficient knowledge. Community pharmacists exhibited varying degrees of practice, but most of them have a good practice. Furthermore, 52.6% of them reported patient's interest as barrier to counseling, while 38.9% reported pharmacy crowdedness as a barrier. Statistically, higher knowledge scores are associated mainly with female gender and educational levels. On the another hand, 64.4% of the participants relied on medical websites as a source of information. Conclusion: Community pharmacists have good knowledge about URTIs. The practice is diverse, but good practice is mainly linked to those with sufficient knowledge. Most of the community pharmacists relied on medical websites as a source of information.","PeriodicalId":32519,"journal":{"name":"Matrix Science Medica","volume":" 12","pages":"34 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72380167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among Sudanese population, Khartoum 2020","authors":"Issra Khojaley, F. Hamad, A. Saeed, M. Humaida, T. Hassan","doi":"10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_59_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_59_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is defined as an illness caused by a novel coronavirus which is an emerging respiratory infection that was first discovered in December 2019, in Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China, finally named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. This study aimed to evaluate the current level of knowledge regarding transmission, symptoms, and preventive measures of COVID-19 among the general population in Sudan. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among Sudanese resident. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, community-based study for 1000 respondents selected by convenience sampling technique in seven localities of Khartoum state, Sudan between the periods April 9 and June 9, 2020. Data were collected using a pre designed pretested questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, version 23.0 (IBM SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Sixty-four percent of the population had good knowledge regarding COVID-19 clinical presentations transmission routes, prevention method, and self-isolation. Forty-four percent of the population had poor attitude regarding COVID-19 situation. Forty-two percent of the population had poor practice regarding COVID-19 preventive measures. There is a positive association between knowledge and attitude (P = 0.000001), positive association between knowledge and practice (P = 0.000001), and an insignificant negative association between attitude and practice (P = 0.453). Conclusions: Sudanese had a good level of knowledge and good practices compared to other nearby countries despite their economic state and lack of possibilities. The stressor experienced by the Sudanese citizens had huge effect on their negative attitude. Recommendations: Because good practices depend on good knowledge, it recommends to increase the level of knowledge about the disease, ways of transmission and prevention especially for women, elderly retired, unemployed, and those with low education level, rural resident using all the means of communication available (television and radio, awareness seminars, posters for guidance and alert in mosques, and the houses of worship) by clear, easy, simple language suitable for the elderly and uneducated.","PeriodicalId":32519,"journal":{"name":"Matrix Science Medica","volume":"21 1","pages":"6 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87537756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ayurveda and dysuria","authors":"R. Jain, A. Tiwari","doi":"10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_57_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_57_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32519,"journal":{"name":"Matrix Science Medica","volume":"1999 1","pages":"27 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78110336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actinomycosis in head-and-neck region – A review","authors":"S. Swain","doi":"10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_14_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_14_21","url":null,"abstract":"Actinomycosis is an uncommon chronic disease caused by filamentous Actinomyces, a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium that usually colonizes in the human oral cavity, digestive tract, and genital area. Actinomycosis is rarely seen chronic infectious disease in the head-and-neck region. The clinical presentations are often nonspecific and mimic several diseases of the head-and-neck area such as malignancy and tuberculosis. Moreover, investigations such as imaging, fine-needle aspiration, and biopsy are often nonspecific. The diagnosis of actinomycosis is still difficult for the diagnosis at present time. Bacterial culture and histopathological study are the cornerstones of the diagnosis but a particular situation is needed to get the exact diagnosis. The prolonged bacterial cultures in anaerobic conditions are required to confirm the bacterium and classical microscopic findings like necrosis with yellowish sulfur granules and filamentous Gram-positive fungal-like pathogens. The surgical excision of the lesion/mass along with appropriate antibiotic therapy is important treatment options. Clinicians must be aware of the typical clinical presentations of actinomycosis in the head-and-neck region as it may mimic the malignant process in the head-and-neck area. Actinomycosis patients need prolonged high doses of penicillin G or amoxicillin and the period of antimicrobial treatment can be shortened to a minimum of 3 months in patients in whom optimum surgical resection of the infected tissues has been useful.","PeriodicalId":32519,"journal":{"name":"Matrix Science Medica","volume":"26 1","pages":"1 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90467405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep neck abscess: Our experiences at a tertiary care teaching Hospital of Eastern India","authors":"S. Swain, S. Lenka, P. Jena","doi":"10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_15_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_15_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Deep neck abscess is a life-threatening clinical entity. It can result in significant morbidity for the patients. Deep neck abscess continues to be commonly found in developing countries like India. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at tertiary care teaching hospital in eastern India from September 2016 to October 2021. The medical records of patients diagnosed with deep neck abscesses with an age range between 18 years and 65 years were reviewed. This study analyzes the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of the deep neck abscess. Results: There was a predominance of male patients with deep neck abscesses (62.12%) and a mean age of 32.4 years. The most common clinical manifestation was fever (26.51%), followed by odynophagia (23.48%), neck swelling (20.45%), restricted neck movement (13.63%), otalgia (12.12%), trismus (11.36%), neck pain (10.60%), and stridor (2.27%). The peritonsillar abscess (28.78%) was the most commonly affected space of the deep neck abscess of this study. The important life-threatening complication in this study was stridor (2.27%). Conclusion: Early diagnosis, aggressive surgical intervention, and proper airway management are important factors for reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with deep neck abscesses.","PeriodicalId":32519,"journal":{"name":"Matrix Science Medica","volume":"49 1","pages":"18 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73791237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic surgical anatomy of the stapedius muscle in fresh cadaveric temporal bone: Our experiences","authors":"S. Swain, S. Pani","doi":"10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_16_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_16_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Stapedius muscle is the smallest bone in the human body and it has an important role for preventing loud noise exposing to the inner ear. This stapedius muscle has also a very significant role during stapes surgery for otosclerosis. Materials and Methods: We studied the microscopic anatomy of the 36-stapedius muscle at our temporal bone dissection laboratory during the period of March 2019 to April 2021. All the 36 fresh temporal bones were dissected with the help of the microdrill, burr, and Zeiss microscope. Details of the stapedius muscle anatomy such as origin, extension, and attachment were studied. Results: The length of the stapedius muscle was ranging from 8 to 11 mm. The tendon of the stapedius muscle was ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 mm. The classical shape of the stapedius muscle was sickle shape. The bulky bell of the stapedius muscle was from 1.5 to 3.5 mm. Discussion and Conclusion: Clear anatomical knowledge of the stapedius muscle is needed for the postgraduates and during learning period of the otologist. If anatomical knowledge is not clear, it may lead to confusion between the stapedius muscle and facial nerve. Awareness regarding microscopic anatomic is required for avoiding the confusion between the facial nerve and stapedius muscle or during the facial nerve grafting.","PeriodicalId":32519,"journal":{"name":"Matrix Science Medica","volume":"177 1","pages":"14 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74160598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}