Investigacion Desarrollo最新文献_第8页

ANÁLISIS DEL CONSUMO DE AGUA POTABLE EN EL CENTRO POBLADO DE SALCEDO, PUNO 普诺萨尔塞多镇中心饮用水消耗分析

Investigacion Desarrollo Pub Date : 2019-07-17 DOI: 10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-9I

Samuel Huaquisto Cáceres, Isabel Griscelda Chambilla Flores

{"title":"ANÁLISIS DEL CONSUMO DE AGUA POTABLE EN EL CENTRO POBLADO DE SALCEDO, PUNO","authors":"Samuel Huaquisto Cáceres, Isabel Griscelda Chambilla Flores","doi":"10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-9I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-9I","url":null,"abstract":"El aumento de la densidad poblacional y la dinamica de la expansion urbana hacen que estas zonas sean vulnerables a la dotacion de agua potable por la creciente demanda y los complejos sistemas de tratamiento y abastecimiento. El estudio analiza el consumo de agua influenciado por el ingreso economico y numero de habitantes por vivienda a fin de compararlos con los valores recomendados por la OMS; ademas, se determina la variacion diaria y horaria del consumo de agua en la zona urbana de Salcedo-Puno. La muestra para el analisis del consumo de agua fue de 1246 viviendas y para las variaciones diarias y horarias 39 viviendas, cuyos datos de consumo y variacion fueron recopilados de la Empresa Prestadora del Servicio y de observaciones in situ respectivamente. Se determino que el consumo promedio de agua fue de 67 l/hab/d influenciados por factores como ingreso economico, numero de habitantes por vivienda y meses del ano. Los coeficientes de variacion diaria y horaria que inciden en el diseno de la captacion, conduccion y reservorio, asi como para la aduccion y red de distribucion fueron K 1 = 1.33 y K 2 = 3.80 respectivamente, siendo este ultimo superior a los recomendados por los reglamentos debido a la no continuidad del servicio en el lugar . En conclusion, los valores del consumo de agua potable estan por debajo de los niveles establecidos por la OMS de 100 l/hab/d, en el inciden entre otros factores el ingreso economico y el numero de habitantes por vivienda, siendo el consumo maximo de 72,83 l/hab/d para viviendas con 5 habitantes y minimo de 50,55 l/hab/d para viviendas de 12 habitantes .","PeriodicalId":32397,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion Desarrollo","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80292238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

DESIGNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF A DYNAMIC VIBRATION BALANCING MACHINE FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 工业用动振动平衡机的设计与研制

Investigacion Desarrollo Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-5I

Swith Claude Burgos Alconz, V. G. Zurita

{"title":"DESIGNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF A DYNAMIC VIBRATION BALANCING MACHINE FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS","authors":"Swith Claude Burgos Alconz, V. G. Zurita","doi":"10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-5I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-5I","url":null,"abstract":"There is a steadily growing demand for reliable, versatile measurement rotor balancing system which can be used to determine the machine unbalances behavior. The effect of these causes are the increase of vibration amplitudes, causing damage to elements of the machines, mainly in the bearings, reduce useful life time, and increase fatigue failure in machines. The industry requires that machines have to operate continuously, efficient maintenance philosophy, and reduce down time. Therefore, this research work has the main objective to design and develop a low cost rotor balancing measurement system for industrial applications. This research study was based on the ISO 1940-1 standard. The Solidworks software was used for the designing, structural stress, and modal analysis. It was also carried out and extensive numerical analysis with Finite Element Method (FEM), of the developed measurement system, in order to identify the structure resonance frequencies to avoid with the induction motor rotation frequency. For the simplicity, precision and robustness, the single plane four runs method for rotor balancing was selected. Finally, it was developed a rotor balancing measurement system. It showed the ability, and potential to use the developed equipment in industrial environment. Moreover, it has been shown that the measurement and the applied analysis method have worked accurate for unbalance detection and reduction of vibration levels from G13 to G2.","PeriodicalId":32397,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion Desarrollo","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91331087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

DOMESTIC WASTEWATER TREATED BY ANAEROBIC BAFFLED REACTORS AND GRAVEL FILTERS AS A RESOURCE TO BE USED IN AGRICULTURE 厌氧折流板反应器加砾石滤池处理生活污水作为农业资源

Investigacion Desarrollo Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-4I

I. Echeverría, Laura Machicado, O. Saavedra, R. Escalera, Gustavo Heredia, Renato Montoya

{"title":"DOMESTIC WASTEWATER TREATED BY ANAEROBIC BAFFLED REACTORS AND GRAVEL FILTERS AS A RESOURCE TO BE USED IN AGRICULTURE","authors":"I. Echeverría, Laura Machicado, O. Saavedra, R. Escalera, Gustavo Heredia, Renato Montoya","doi":"10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-4I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-4I","url":null,"abstract":"Due to limited availability of clean water, treated wastewater is an important resource to reduce water demand through its reuse. In Bolivia, one of the most common practices is the use of wastewater for crop irrigation. Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) must adequate their processes so their effluents are safe for irrigation and for the environment. The intermediate city of Tolata, located at 2720 meters above sea level operates a WWTP with a solids removal pretreatment followed by an Anaerobic Baffled Reactors (ABR) and series of horizontal and vertical gravel filters. The objective of this study is to evaluate its efficiency and determine the potential of the treated effluent for crop irrigation. To assess water quality parameters a series of monitoring campaigns were carried out from August to December 2018. The average concentrations found in the WWTP affluent are as follows: 396 ± 289 mg-BOD 5 /l, 795 ± 262 mg-COD/l, 361 ± 113 mg-TSS/l, 66.0 ± 38.9 mg-N-NH 3 /l, 11.8 ± 2.2 mg-P/l and 2.73 ± 1.13 m-S/cm for EC. The concentrations found in the effluent on average are: 18 ± 12 mg-BOD 5 /l, 95 ± 61 mg-COD/l, 18 ± 10 mg-TSS/l, 41.7±26.5mg-N-NH 3 /l, 8.3 ± 2.2 mg-P/l and 2.35 ± 0.75 m-S/cm for EC. The overall efficiencies of the WWTP obtained are: 95 % of BOD 5 , 88% of total COD, 95 % of TSS, 37% of N-NH3, and 30% of P. According to these results, it is advisable to restrict irrigation to tall stemmed crops, grass and fodder that have moderate tolerance to salinity and are not eaten raw or without further processing to reduce risks associated with health. In order to use the treated effluent for irrigation of vegetables or other products that are eaten raw, this WWTP needs to implement a disinfection process.","PeriodicalId":32397,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion Desarrollo","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88188476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

ESPECTROSCOPIA RAMAN DE COSTO REDUCIDO PARA LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LÍQUIDOS TRANSPARENTES

Investigacion Desarrollo Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-6I

O. Urquidi

{"title":"ESPECTROSCOPIA RAMAN DE COSTO REDUCIDO PARA LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LÍQUIDOS TRANSPARENTES","authors":"O. Urquidi","doi":"10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-6I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23881/IDUPBO.019.1-6I","url":null,"abstract":"El trabajo presenta el desarrollo de un sistema de espectroscopia Raman de costo reducido (menor a 1000 USD), destinando a la deteccion de liquidos transparentes no identificables por metodos colorimetricos. Dadas las necesidades (en Bolivia) de control y fiscalizacion de compuestos quimicos en productos locales e importados, el desarrollo de sistemas espectroscopicos moleculares se perfila como una solucion accesible. El sistema desarrollado se baso en un espectrometro clasico modificado, con una resolucion de 2 nm y un ancho espectral de 200 nm. Para la generacion de la dispersion Raman se uso un diodo laser de 405 nm y 5mW acoplado a un recipiente transparente y una lente auxiliar para la proyeccion de la luz sobre el plano de entrada. Como detector se uso una camara CCD con refrigeracion termoelectrica, cuyas imagenes se integraron verticalmente para la obtencion de los espectros. Como parte de las pruebas de validacion, se obtuvieron espectros Raman de agua, etanol y acetato de etilo. Asi mismo, se obtuvo el espectro de una mezcla de etanol y agua. En todos los casos se observo coincidencia entre los espectros obtenidos y los de referencia, validando su correcta deteccion. Como punto de mejora, se identifico la adicion de filtros de corte especificos para mejorar el contraste y la resolucion del sistema. Dados estos resultados, el sistema mostro un gran potencial como una herramienta analitica de bajo costo para compuestos moleculares.","PeriodicalId":32397,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion Desarrollo","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90720965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calle 13 and their social discourse Calle 13和他们的社会话语

Investigacion Desarrollo Pub Date : 2019-04-12 DOI: 10.14482/INDES.26.2.780.03

Carmen Esther Hernández Prieto

引用次数: 1

Challenges faced by smallholder farmers in a former conflict area in Colombia: the case of Montes de María 哥伦比亚前冲突地区小农面临的挑战:以Montes de María为例

Investigacion Desarrollo Pub Date : 2019-04-12 DOI: 10.14482/INDES.26.2.303.6

S. Lissbrant, Observatorio del Caribe colombiano, P. Espitia, A. Mendoza

引用次数: 4

The national taxation in the transfers and royalties territorial of Colombia: A search for Fiscal Equity between the Nation and the Territorial Entities (2000-2017) 哥伦比亚领土转让和特许权使用费的国家税收：国家和领土实体之间的财政公平探索（2000-2017）

Investigacion Desarrollo Pub Date : 2019-04-12 DOI: 10.14482/INDES.26.2.344.3

Carlos Mario Rincón Navas