Studia z Historii Filozofii最新文献

{"title":"Czy społeczeństwa śnią o sprawiedliwym pastwisku? Interpretacja „Umowy społecznej” Jana Jakuba Rousseau","authors":"M. Tarnowski","doi":"10.12775/szhf.2021.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2021.011","url":null,"abstract":"W tej pracy prezentuje interpretacje „Umowy spolecznej” (1762) Jana Jakuba Rousseau jako normatywnej teorii racjonalnego myślenia wspolnoty politycznej. Uzywając wielokrotnie sugerowanego w literaturze (m.in. Tuomela 2013, Thompson 2017) rozumienia Rousseau jako teoretyka intencjonalności grupowej, przedstawiam interpretacje pojecia „woli powszechnej” jako intencji grupowego podmiotu, ktorym jest wspolnota polityczna. Nastepnie tlumacze uwagi Rousseau dotyczące normatywnych procedur demokratycznych poprzez pryzmat normatywnej teorii decyzji, w szczegolności związek pomiedzy pojeciem woli powszechnej a teorią gier wieloosobowych oraz tzw. „twierdzeniem o lawie przysieglych” Marquisa de Condorceta. Pokaze, ze proponowana przez Rousseau wizja sprawiedliwych procedur demokratycznych w adekwatny sposob oddaje wnioski plynące z przytaczanych twierdzen.","PeriodicalId":32293,"journal":{"name":"Studia z Historii Filozofii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44222098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"O pojęciu i przedmiocie","authors":"Gottlob Frege","doi":"10.12775/szhf.2021.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2021.006","url":null,"abstract":"Autorzy przekladu: Patryk Poplawski, patrycjusz220@gmail.com,  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2212-3381, Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika w Toruniu Rafal Michalski, metasis@umk.pl, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9587-5074 Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika w Toruniu","PeriodicalId":32293,"journal":{"name":"Studia z Historii Filozofii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44525398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formalne warunki możliwości doświadczenia a możliwość chaosu w filozofii krytycznej Kanta","authors":"Piotr Łaciak","doi":"10.12775/szhf.2021.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2021.012","url":null,"abstract":"In Kant’s critical philosophy, the concept of chaos means a counterfactual situation in which appearances do not merge into the unity of experience according to universal laws of understanding or particular empirical laws. The possibility of complete disagreement between the appearances and the formal conditions of thinking is incompatibly with the principles of possible experience, because appearances as to the form must accord with the universal laws of understanding. The legislation of understanding, however, does not extend to the matter of appearances and the unity of nature according to empirical laws (material unity of experience) is a contingent unity in relation to our understanding. The formal conditions of possibility of experience are therefore partial conditions and do not exhaust the whole of the conditions of experience, as such, they allow for the real possibility of empirical chaos in the sense of the lack of material unity of experience. Such possibility is synonymous with the possibility of non-existence of experience, as experience is one and includes both the formal and material unity of appearances. The main thesis of this paper is that the principles of possible experience do not eliminate the contingency of our experience and are necessarily valid under the condition of the harmony of nature in the variety of its particular empirical laws with our cognitive faculty.","PeriodicalId":32293,"journal":{"name":"Studia z Historii Filozofii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43184820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoplatońskie poszukiwania zgodności między Platonem a Arystotelesem. Jan Filopon i problemy z arystotelesowską definicją duszy (\"In De anima\", 203,4 -230,25)","authors":"M. Komsta","doi":"10.12775/szhf.2021.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2021.010","url":null,"abstract":"Analizowany fragment komentarza Jana Filopona do O duszy Arystotelesa jest przykladem realizacji zasady interpretacyjnej stosowanej w komentarzach neoplatonskich – ustalania zgodności miedzy doktrynami Platona i Arystotelesa. W poszukiwaniu harmonii miedzy tymi myslicielamiJan Filopon siega do poprzedzającej go tradycji perypatetyckiej, co przejawia sie w wykorzystaniu rozwiązan proponowanych przez Aleksandra z Afrodyzji i Temistiusza oraz probie odpowiedzi na stawiane przez nich pytania, przede wszystkim, czy definicja duszy jako pierwszego aktu ciala naturalnego organicznego obejmuje wszystkie rodzaje dusz. Jan Filopon probuje rowniez uzgodnic swoją interpretacje z calością doktryny Arystotelesa, co wspolgra z pracami, w ktorych krytykuje fizyke Arystotelesa z pozycji tego, kto ją dobrze zna i potrafi wskazac jej slabe punkty operując tym samym aparatem pojeciowym i opierając sie na tych samych zalozeniach. Z drugiej strony Filopon realizuje postulat zgodności miedzy doktrynami Platona i Arystotelesa i nadaje sformulowaniom Stagiryty nowe znaczenie tak, aby mogly wyrazac myśl stricte platonską. Czyni to przez reinterpretacje pojec uzytych w definicji duszy oraz poprzez dookreślenie statusu tejze definicji.","PeriodicalId":32293,"journal":{"name":"Studia z Historii Filozofii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44705681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berkeley`s \"An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision” and his immaterialism","authors":"J. Cieślak","doi":"10.12775/szhf.2021.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2021.007","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses George Berkeley’s An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision with respect to his immaterialism. The author concentrates on works written by Berkeley circa 1709: Philosophical Commentaries, An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision, and A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge. The end of the article is to show, firstly, that it is beyond doubt that in 1709 Berkeley was a mature immaterialist; secondly, that the shape of the Essay, problematic for interpretation considering his later philosophy, derives in fact from the strategy adopted by Berkeley to prepare his readers for immaterialism. The author offers an interpretation, according to which technical parts of the Essay are subsidiary to Berkeley’s immaterialistic project and, in the end, consolidating religion. Moreover, the author notices that all notions essential for Berkeley’s 1710 philosophy are already there in Essay and finally discusses Berkeley’s conception of the object as well as the problem of stability of experience, which arises after the exclusion of external objects from the world.","PeriodicalId":32293,"journal":{"name":"Studia z Historii Filozofii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66635711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Filozofia religii Kanta w kontekście nowożytnego racjonalizmu religijnego","authors":"A. Tomaszewska","doi":"10.12775/szhf.2020.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2020.007","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses certain aspects of Kant’s conception of religion which testify to its affinity with what has been described as religious rationalism. These aspects include a critical reading of the Scriptures, proposed primarily in the Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason and The Conflict of the Faculties , as well as an attempt to identify God with practical reason, which can be found in the notes written for the unfinished work of the philosopher, published as the Opus postumum . I suggest that by reading Kant in light of the ideas of the early modern religious rationalists, especially those inspired by the thought of Baruch Spinoza, one can better explain the radicalization of Kant’s late views on religion, recognized by some contemporary scholars.","PeriodicalId":32293,"journal":{"name":"Studia z Historii Filozofii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42808252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mieczysław Wallis a/i Maria Ossowska. Studium relacji na marginesie materiałów archiwalnych","authors":"J. Zegzuła-Nowak","doi":"10.12775/szhf.2020.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2020.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32293,"journal":{"name":"Studia z Historii Filozofii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66635672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cartesian Intuition. A Cleansed Cartesianism","authors":"G. Preyer","doi":"10.12775/szhf.2019.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2019.032","url":null,"abstract":"For the contemporary philosophy of the mental, it is fruitful for us to return to Cartesian intuition and to attempt to present a “cleansed Cartesianism”, because the intuition takes effect in the fields of epistemology, semantic and linguistic internalism, externalism, and linguistics (Chomsky, Fodor). In this article, we present a series of six following sketches (1.-5.), leading towards a new correction of Cartesian internalism which we hope will cleanse and unleash a fresh outlook on Cartesianism because if we are to finally put aside pragmatism, we must realize that Cartesianism is in the offing when it comes to the lively scholarly discourse around the philosophy of the mind and related subjects: the feature of the subject’s point of view (1.); the dilemma of Cartesian knowledge (2.); a review of Cartesian reflection (3.); the ‘Kantian I’ (as well as Castaneda’s reinterpretation of it) (5.); the monadological foundation of subjectivity (7.); we conclude with a correction and outlook (7.). We find it of particular interest to connect what we call the ‘dilemma of Cartesian knowledge’ (2.) with “Fichte’s original insight” (4.), Reinhold’s “Elementary Philosophy”, and the “Early Romance ‘Constellation’ (6.) as rediscovered by Dieter Henrich and continued by Manfred Frank. The foundational subject here is the regress and circle as well as the problem of “philosophical deduction” in the philosophy of reflection, Elementary Philosophy, and German Idealism in general. Manfred Frank long connected this problem to contemporary philosophy of the mental (mind), as we describe in “The Early Romance Constellation” and “Fichte’s Original Insight” (6., 4.) The rebuilding of a Cartesian view hints that we might well promote the theme of pre-reflective consciousness—going back to Jean-Paul Sartre—within the new architecture of philosophy of the mental as a fundamental question.Neither in the rationalistic or the empiricist accounts of “modern philosophy” nor within the discourse around German Idealism has pre-reflective consciousness been recognized adequately. Looking back, the important matteris following: Within modern egology, the function of pre-reflective consciousness is covered by the I-axiom as the foundation of knowledge. We conclude with a correction of the Cartesian view, the limit of self-consciousness, and a brief treatment of current cooperations of the European and American philosophers exchange (7.)","PeriodicalId":32293,"journal":{"name":"Studia z Historii Filozofii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43525680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alexander Nikolayevich Radishchev and Destiny of Russian Enlightenment","authors":"O. Marchevský","doi":"10.12775/szhf.2019.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2019.031","url":null,"abstract":"The main framework of the present paper is constituted by the problematics of the Russian Enlightenment in its characteristic features and tendencies of its formation. The author expounds Enlightenment as an intellectual symbol representing the Western thought in Russian environment not only of the 18 th century. Enlightenment as a period in the history of Russian philosophical thinking is fundamentally determined by the reign of Empress Catherine II. Her enlightening and reactive attitudes following from the events of 1789 are the subject of the author’s interest. To illustrate the turbulent changes in Russian intellectual milieu after the French Revolution, the author uses an example of A. N. Radishchev who, in the spirit of Enlightenment, published his A Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow in 1790. The author also describes the impact of publishing this work on Radishchev himself as well as its influence on the later period in the form of strong interpretative tradition.","PeriodicalId":32293,"journal":{"name":"Studia z Historii Filozofii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44962899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Historiography of Philosophy in Lithuania during Soviet Period","authors":"Gintaras Kabelka","doi":"10.12775/szhf.2019.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2019.030","url":null,"abstract":"This article attempts to briefly present the most important research in the historiography of philosophy in Lithuania during the Soviet period, to explicate their methodological structure displaying the applied elements of philosophical historical explanations. The Marxist methodology In Lithuania structures the field of inquiry by means of vertical and horizontal reductions. The first one is founded on the causal relations between the basis and the superstructure, the second – on the application of the Marxist categories. Alongside the Marxism-based methodological principles considered compulsory for the investigations, there were some instances of using non-Marxist methodology. R. Plečkaitis’s works will be treated in terms of the applied methodological approach to the history of problems. The most important element of his research is the historical reconstruction of a problematic situation as a constellation of theoretical elements motivating the creation of a new theory.","PeriodicalId":32293,"journal":{"name":"Studia z Historii Filozofii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49256881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}