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Changes in Peasant Children’s Reading Practices and Living Conditions in Dnieper Ukraine at the Turn of the 19th–20th Centuries 19-20 世纪之交第聂伯河乌克兰农民儿童阅读习惯和生活条件的变化
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.001
Victoria Voloshenko
{"title":"Changes in Peasant Children’s Reading Practices and Living Conditions in Dnieper Ukraine at the Turn of the 19th–20th Centuries","authors":"Victoria Voloshenko","doi":"10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article analyzes the reading practices and living conditions of Ukrainian peasant children as a social phenomenon. The children’s reading modes in the family system and social distribution of household duties and leisure activities are presented. Herein characterized are the specific features of reading training in the period of modernization transformations against the background of the urbanization processes; post-reform emancipation; public life’ politicization; and increasing volumes of information required for the reorganization of the lifestyle. The author shows the gradualness of changes in view of economic problems, the close connection between reading practices and oral culture; the lack of educational institutions, the inertia in public perceptions of the social position of the peasantry, and the assessment of social perspectives for the self-realization of literate villages. It was found that despite the unfavorable circumstances, there was an increase in the pace of peasants’ awareness of the importance of literacy for their children in the future. New reading practices contributed to the transformation of the private sphere of young people, personal independence, and individualization of life scenarios.","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":" 752","pages":"1 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138610565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Report from the Scientific Conference Entitled: “Saving the Economy: Reconstruction, Stabilization and Creation of Economic Development Paths in the 19th and 21st Centuries” [Na Ratunek Gospodarce: Odbudowa, Stabilizacja I Kreowanie Ścieżek Rozwoju Gospodarki W XIX–XXI Wieku]. Lubin, September 14–16 题为 "拯救经济：19 世纪和 21 世纪经济发展道路的重建、稳定和创造"[Na Ratunek Gospodarce：Odbudowa, Stabilizacja I Kreowanie Ścieżek Rozwoju Gospodarki W XIX-XXI Wieku]。卢宾，9 月 14-16 日
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.012
Tadeusz Janicki
{"title":"Report from the Scientific Conference Entitled: “Saving the Economy: Reconstruction, Stabilization and Creation of Economic Development Paths in the 19th and 21st Centuries” [Na Ratunek Gospodarce: Odbudowa, Stabilizacja I Kreowanie Ścieżek Rozwoju Gospodarki W XIX–XXI Wieku]. Lubin, September 14–16","authors":"Tadeusz Janicki","doi":"10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2021, the Polish Association of Economic History (PTHG) prepared and submitted to the 21st General Congress of Polish Historians – Białystok 2024, a panel entitled Saving the economy: reconstruction, stabilization and creating paths for the development of the Polish economy in the 19th and 20th centuries, which was accepted by the congress organizers. The main goal of the research undertaken is to analyze systemic actions to overcome crises in the 19th and 20th centuries, in particular the activity of the state and public institutions “helping the economy”, the tools used and their effectiveness and long-term consequences. The events of the last three years, especially the Covid 19 pandemic, the War in Ukraine, and the energy crisis, have put the world economy once again on the threshold of a global crisis. In this context, scientific reflection on the tools and mechanisms of “saving the economy” and “creating development paths” may have not only a cognitive, but also a practical dimension.","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":" 403","pages":"221 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138611083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Between a Relic of the Past and a Socialist Duty: Child and Adolescent Labour in ‘Comunist Poland’ in the Light of Literary Fiction for Young People (1948–1980) 在 "过去的遗迹 "与 "社会主义责任 "之间：从青少年文学小说（1948-1980 年）看 "共产主义波兰 "的童工和青少年劳工
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.007
Grzegorz Skrukwa
{"title":"Between a Relic of the Past and a Socialist Duty: Child and Adolescent Labour in ‘Comunist Poland’ in the Light of Literary Fiction for Young People (1948–1980)","authors":"Grzegorz Skrukwa","doi":"10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines the cultural image of child and adolescent labour performed in the People’s Republic of Poland in the years 1948–1989 as was presented in the literary fiction addressed to the young people. During the Stalinist period, literature officially condemned child labour on individual farms, but affirmed the labour of adolescent workers in state industry and construction. After the 1956 Thaw, the subject matter of labour was receding into the background, for several reasons. Nevertheless, the post-1956 youth literature also featured labour-related themes: community works, school cooperatives, work in family crafts, tutoring, and shady trade.","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":" 11","pages":"127 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138617884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Women and Girl Child Labour in the Bangle Industry of Hyderabad, India 印度海德拉巴手镯业中的妇女和女童劳工
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.009
Rekha Pande
{"title":"Women and Girl Child Labour in the Bangle Industry of Hyderabad, India","authors":"Rekha Pande","doi":"10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present paper attempts to see the women and child worker in the old city of Hyderabad in the Bangle industry. Women make up a sizable portion of India’s labour force, yet they are paid less and have less secure jobs than men. As a result, many of these mothers choose to earn an income for their families by working from home. Women who work in the informal sector work with minimum pay and hence the girl child is an easy prey to assist the mother in supplementing the income and helping in the household chores so that more time is left to pursue the trade for an income. Our sample includes 100 women respondents and 150 girls. Being in the unregulated, home-based informal sector has made it challenging to organize the employees, leaving the bulk of bangle-makers in precarious positions both at work and at home. The increasing number of children, especially girls, who are taking part in the production of bangles is also a cause for alarm. It would appear that the piece rate method of payment and the fact that the work may be done from home encourage the participation of family members, including children, in the labour force.","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":" 29","pages":"165 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138619415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Labor of Minors in Industrial of Ukrainian Lands (19th – Early 20th Century)1 乌克兰工业区未成年人的劳动（19 世纪-20 世纪初）1
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.003
I. Shandra, Olha Birova
{"title":"Labor of Minors in Industrial of Ukrainian Lands (19th – Early 20th Century)1","authors":"I. Shandra, Olha Birova","doi":"10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract At the present stage, the phrase “labor of minors” sounds alarming and is a sign of the low economic and cultural development of society. For the period of industrialization of the 19th – early 20th century this phenomenon was by no means a rarity, but rather one of the components of economic modernization. The Ukrainian lands were no exception in this regard, child and adolescent labor was used in coal, metallurgical, chemical and other industries. This study is based on workers’ memories of their teenage years, memories of mining engineers, factory inspectors, public figures, as well as, albeit very scattered, statistics on the employment of minors in industry in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. The most significant and, in this regard, reflected in the memoirs of participants in the production process, were such aspects of the work of minors as working conditions, wages, “professions” of minors, their employment statistics, the evolution of labor legislation and numerous violations of approved norms. The complex conclusion is that it took a long mutual development of public opinion, legislation and family foundations to eradicate the work of minors in industry.","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":" 4","pages":"41 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138617901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The One that Wasn’t: Child and Youth Labour in the Post-Stalin Era in the Soviet Union 一个不存在的世界后斯大林时代的苏联童工和青年劳工
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.006
Marta Studenna-Skrukwa
{"title":"The One that Wasn’t: Child and Youth Labour in the Post-Stalin Era in the Soviet Union","authors":"Marta Studenna-Skrukwa","doi":"10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines the phenomenon of child and youth labour in the post-Stalin era in the Soviet Union. The starting point for the consideration constitutes the analysis of the law adopted by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1958 titled “On the strengthening of the link between school and life and the further development of people’s education in the USSR”. This law placed great emphasis on combining education with practice and involving pupils from the earliest grades in various forms of both productive and socially useful labour. Subsequently, four categories of labour to which children and young people in the USSR were systemically forced has been distinguished. These included: occasional labours, work and leisure camps, so-called subbotniki and little communal works, as well as compulsory recycling. The paper thoroughly depicts all of them in the light of memoir material.","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":" 44","pages":"103 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forced Labour of Polish and Soviet Children Under Nazi Occupation Discussion by Prof. Johannes-Dieter Steinert and Prof. Beata Halicka, 1 December 2022 纳粹占领下波兰和苏联儿童的强迫劳动 Johannes-Dieter Steinert 教授和 Beata Halicka 教授的讨论，2022 年 12 月 1 日
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.010
Beata Halicka, Johannes-Dieter Steinert
{"title":"Forced Labour of Polish and Soviet Children Under Nazi Occupation Discussion by Prof. Johannes-Dieter Steinert and Prof. Beata Halicka, 1 December 2022","authors":"Beata Halicka, Johannes-Dieter Steinert","doi":"10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The following conversation is an abridged transcript of a discussion that Prof. Dr. Beata Halicka (UAM ) held with Prof. Dr. Johannes-Dieter Steinert of the University of Wolverhampton in the UK . It took place on December 1, 2022 and was the opening event of a conference entitled Little Workers: Child Labor in socio-cultural and economic perspectives throughout history. The conference was organized by the Department of Economic History, the Department of Eastern European History and the Research Unit of Cultural History and was held at the Faculty of History of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. Johannes-Dieter Steinert is a prominent specialist in the field of child forced labourers in National Socialist Germany and German occupied Eastern Europe. His books on the subject have been published in English, German and Polish.","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":" 22","pages":"205 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138613000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Child Labour and Health During the Industrialization in Western Europe with Special Reference to Prussia 西欧工业化时期的童工与健康，特别是普鲁士的情况
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.004
J. Vögele, G. Liczbińska
{"title":"Child Labour and Health During the Industrialization in Western Europe with Special Reference to Prussia","authors":"J. Vögele, G. Liczbińska","doi":"10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Child labour is a controversial issue both in presentday as well as in past societies. In historical perspective, studies focus on the factory labour of children during the industrialization process. On the one hand, its contribution to the family income is mentioned as a potential positive effect on the living standard of the whole family, on the other hand reference is made to the permanent health risks for children working in the factories. Using qualitative sources, there were contemporary testimonies supporting both views. The present paper, thererfore, uses a rather quantitive approach referring to the number of working days lost due to illness, anthropometric indicators such a height and weight, the results of draft examinations as well as mortality differences and cause-of-death rates from “accidents” in urban and rural areas during the nineteenth century. Available data do not provide clear evidence of direct harmful effects of child labour; many indications point to a neutral or even positive effect.","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":" 14","pages":"63 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138617451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development as Labour and Labour as Development: Korczak’s Philosophy of Labour Against the Background of Interwar Childhoods 作为劳动的发展和作为发展的劳动：以战时童年为背景的科扎克劳动哲学
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.005
Marta Rakoczy
{"title":"Development as Labour and Labour as Development: Korczak’s Philosophy of Labour Against the Background of Interwar Childhoods","authors":"Marta Rakoczy","doi":"10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, I consider two Korczakian conceptions complementary to each other of children’s labour as a means of building their agency and autonomy. The first is the concept of labour as development. While the second is development as labour. I analyse testimonies from Korczak’s institutions, including notes gleaned from children’s accounts Wspomnienia z maleńkości dzieci Naszego Domu w Pruszkowie [Recollections from the Children of Our Home in Pruszków], children’s texts (Mały Przegląd [Little Review]) and programme and literary texts by Janusz Korczak/Henryk Goldszmit and Maria (Maryna) Falska, who collaborated with him. In the anthropological perspective of new childhood studies I ponder the radicalism of Korczak’s projects involving child labour in light of the time, their perspective on child labour, and childhood itself. In what sense did they have modern origins? And in what sense did they transcend modernity – along with its concepts of childhood and child development?","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":"108 37","pages":"79 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138608663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Report from the 2nd National Scientific Conference on ‘Work Culture’, December 1, 2022 第二届全国 "工作文化 "科学大会报告，2022 年 12 月 1 日
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.011
Romuald Rydz
{"title":"Report from the 2nd National Scientific Conference on ‘Work Culture’, December 1, 2022","authors":"Romuald Rydz","doi":"10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract On December 1, 2022, the 2nd National Scientific Conference on ‘Work Culture’ was held at the Faculty of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, entitled “Little Workers: Child Labor in Social-Cultural and Economic Perspectives Throughout History”. The organizers of the meeting were the Department of Economic History, the Department of Eastern European History, and the Workshop of Cultural History of the Faculty of History at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. Due to the participation of speakers from abroad, the conference had an international character this time around.","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":"102 32","pages":"215 - 220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138608834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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