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Relationship of nitrates and nitrites in the water environment with humans and their activity 水环境中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐与人类及其活动的关系
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca Pub Date : 2020-06-03 DOI: 10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0009
Lucia Balejčíková, A. Tall, B. Kandra, D. Pavelková
{"title":"Relationship of nitrates and nitrites in the water environment with humans and their activity","authors":"Lucia Balejčíková, A. Tall, B. Kandra, D. Pavelková","doi":"10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrates and nitrites in water pose a health and environmental hazards, in particular when exceeding limits defined in the European Union, i.e. max. 50 mg l of nitrates. It is not recommended to exceed the limit of 10 mg l of nitrates for infants and children. The maximum concentration of nitrites is 0.5 mg l for adults and infants less than 0.1 mg l. Our work offers a review of the water quality concerning the relationship between nitrates/nitrites and humans. Basic properties and forms of nitrates, their use for human activities, importance and risks to human health and possibilities of their physicochemical determination are summarized. Our study demonstrates also the novel approaches to the nitrates decontamination in a water environment using various nanomaterials. We aimed at a collection of records from the monitoring of nitrates in selected areas in Slovakia to show good quality of water in various water sources, which over time improves due to the increasingly low fertilization intensity and thus of agriculture production, which is gradually being replaced by imports.","PeriodicalId":321483,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrologica Slovaca","volume":"8 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120997043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Runoff regime changes in the Slovak Danube River tributaries 斯洛伐克多瑙河支流径流制度的变化
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca Pub Date : 2020-06-02 DOI: 10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0002
D. Halmová, P. Pekárová
{"title":"Runoff regime changes in the Slovak Danube River tributaries","authors":"D. Halmová, P. Pekárová","doi":"10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with a statistical analysis of changes in the hydrological regime of Slovak tributaries of the Danube River at 11 stations over two 30-year periods: 1931–1960 and 1986–2015. We analyzed changes in monthly discharges using the Pardé coefficient method, as well as changes in average daily discharges. The monthly Pardé coefficients may be used to plot so-called regime curves. Their course is essentially determined by the monthly water balances in the catchments, as well as by intra-annual storage effects like snow accumulation and snowmelt. Changes in the course of Pardé coefficients for water stations of Slovak tributaries of the Danube River do not show any major changes, except for the Ipeľ-Holiša and Topľa-Hanušovce stations. From the results of the daily flow rate analysis it is clear that the course of daily flow rates in the monitored stations remains unchanged during the year and in the most of the monitored Slovak stations the daily flow rates decrease, except for the water stations Belá-Podbanské and VáhLiptovský Mikuláš.","PeriodicalId":321483,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrologica Slovaca","volume":"02 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131373305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Long-term development of discharge and nitrate concentrations in the Little Carpathians headwaters 小喀尔巴阡山脉源头排放物和硝酸盐浓度的长期发展
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca Pub Date : 2020-06-02 DOI: 10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0006
P. Pekárová, P. Miklánek, J. Pekár, Z. Danáčová
{"title":"Long-term development of discharge and nitrate concentrations in the Little Carpathians headwaters","authors":"P. Pekárová, P. Miklánek, J. Pekár, Z. Danáčová","doi":"10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0006","url":null,"abstract":"One of the requirements imposed by the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD, 2000) is to analyze and predict long-term evolution of surface water quality parameters. During 28-years period (1991–2018), the concentrations of selected pollutants were monitored in the Little Carpathians headwater basins by the Institute of Hydrology, SAS. In this study we analyse the long-term development of runoff and nitrates nitrogen concentrations in the Parná River at Horné Orešany water gauge station during the period 1991–2018. Discharges in the Parná River decreased slightly, but the trend is not statistically significant. In the case of nitrate nitrogen concentrations the marked decrease occurred in this river basin from the value of 5.11 mg l during the years 1991–1995 to the value of 2.49 mg l in the years 2015–2018. The relation between discharge and nitrate concentration was used to derive exponential empirical relations for estimation of the nitrate nitrogen concentrations in the stream based on mean daily discharge during the sampling day. These equations can be used for indirect estimation of nitrate nitrogen concentrations when they were not measured directly.","PeriodicalId":321483,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrologica Slovaca","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125451993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reconstruction of electric impedance field of soil with clay anomaly 含粘土异常土的电阻抗场重建
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca Pub Date : 2020-06-02 DOI: 10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0011
Z. Műnsterová, J. Parílková, J. Mikulka, J. Dušek
{"title":"Reconstruction of electric impedance field of soil with clay anomaly","authors":"Z. Műnsterová, J. Parílková, J. Mikulka, J. Dušek","doi":"10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical impedance characterizes the properties of the examined environment when passing through an alternating electric current. The paper is based on the dependence of the course of real and imaginary components of electrical impedance on the humidity of the porous environment. Different soil environments have various water retention capacities under the same hydrometeorological conditions. This hydrophysical characteristic is used in the presented paper to study the inhomogeneity of the porous environment. The contribution is beneficial in that it proposes a method which, based on simple measurements, allows to evaluate the homogeneity of the porous environment. The method is widely used in water management (e.g. determination of failures of sealing cores in earth dams and dams) but also in hydrological survey and monitoring (e.g. determination of volume humidity).","PeriodicalId":321483,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrologica Slovaca","volume":"78 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131132466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Method of wetlands water regimen diagnosis 湿地水状态诊断方法
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca Pub Date : 2020-06-02 DOI: 10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0010
Š. Rehák, P. Stradiot, K. Kňava, Ľubica Kopčová, V. Novák
{"title":"Method of wetlands water regimen diagnosis","authors":"Š. Rehák, P. Stradiot, K. Kňava, Ľubica Kopčová, V. Novák","doi":"10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/ahs-2020-0021.01.0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":321483,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrologica Slovaca","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131603630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Regional drought assessment based on the meteorological indices for locality Nitra 基于局地Nitra气象指标的区域干旱评价
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0007
P. Šurda, Andrej Tárník, P. Rončák, J. Vitková
{"title":"Regional drought assessment based on the meteorological indices for locality Nitra","authors":"P. Šurda, Andrej Tárník, P. Rončák, J. Vitková","doi":"10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":321483,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrologica Slovaca","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125138383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Comparison of saturated hydraulic conductivity estimated by laboratory and empirical method of Špaček 实验室与经验方法估算的饱和水导率Špaček的比较
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0009
R. Výleta, Miroslav Kandera, M. Danáčová, Radovan Nosko, M. Maliariková
{"title":"Comparison of saturated hydraulic conductivity estimated by laboratory and empirical method of Špaček","authors":"R. Výleta, Miroslav Kandera, M. Danáčová, Radovan Nosko, M. Maliariková","doi":"10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":321483,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrologica Slovaca","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134428464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of water on bimodality of air temperature distribution functions and changes in T-year air temperature values in Hurbanovo 水对胡尔巴诺沃地区气温分布函数双峰性及t年气温变化的影响
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0006
P. Pekárová, J. Pekár, P. Miklánek
{"title":"Effect of water on bimodality of air temperature distribution functions and changes in T-year air temperature values in Hurbanovo","authors":"P. Pekárová, J. Pekár, P. Miklánek","doi":"10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Variability and long-term trends in air temperature are in the interest of hydrologists in recent decades as they can affect the global hydrological cycle and water balance in river basins. The estimation of the T-year minimum and maximum mean daily air temperature is associated with the problem of selection of the distribution functions of these series. The histograms of the daily air temperature series manifest the two-peak (bimodal) shape in many stations all over the world. It is not feasible to describe the distribution function of bimodal distribution through single mean value and single standard deviation. In the present study the T-year values of air temperature are estimated for three temperature indexes in station Hurbanovo: 1. series of maximum mean daily air temperature of the year Td,max, 2. series of mean annual air temperature of the year Td; and 3. series of minimum mean daily air temperature of the year Td,min. Change in the theoretic distribution curve of the mean daily air temperature indexes is compared during two subperiods of the instrumental period 1872–2017. Generally, the changes in temperature design values are more marked in case of minimum temperatures, e.g. the value of 100-year minimum mean daily air temperature increased by more than 5°C. The 100-year maximum mean daily air temperature increased by 1.88°C in Hurbanovo.","PeriodicalId":321483,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrologica Slovaca","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117138795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The peak over threshold method and its uncertainty in determining of T-year maximum discharges: Case study at the Topľa River 峰值超过阈值法及其确定t年最大流量的不确定性——以Topľa河为例
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0004
Veronika Miťková
{"title":"The peak over threshold method and its uncertainty in determining of T-year maximum discharges: Case study at the Topľa River","authors":"Veronika Miťková","doi":"10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":321483,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrologica Slovaca","volume":"306 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132818942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Level of surface water eutrophication in Danube river basin 多瑙河流域地表水富营养化水平
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0012
Viera Kováčová
{"title":"Level of surface water eutrophication in Danube river basin","authors":"Viera Kováčová","doi":"10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/AHS-2019-0020.01.0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":321483,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrologica Slovaca","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114668552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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